PRESENTATION: BIOSPHERE 9
Summary
TLDRThe biosphere consists of the atmosphere, hydrosphere, and lithosphere, supporting various forms of life. Biodiversity, crucial for ecosystem stability, includes genetic, species, and ecosystem diversity. Key relationships like predation, competition, and mutualism define interactions within ecosystems. Earth's biomes, including aquatic, grasslands, forests, deserts, and tundras, support diverse species, while climate change, air quality, and human activity pose significant challenges to biodiversity and ecosystem health. Human population dynamics are influenced by environmental factors and technological advances, while the biosphere provides essential resources for all life on Earth, making its preservation vital.
Takeaways
- 🌍 The biosphere consists of three main components: the atmosphere, hydrosphere, and lithosphere, each playing a key role in supporting life.
- 🦠 Biodiversity encompasses the variety of animals, plants, fungi, and microorganisms, which is essential for life-sustaining processes on Earth.
- 🧬 Genetic diversity, species diversity, and ecosystem diversity are the three types of biodiversity, each contributing to adaptability and ecosystem stability.
- 🐅 Species diversity in places like the Great Barrier Reef exemplifies the vast variety of species within specific ecosystems.
- 🏞 Ecosystem diversity refers to the variety of habitats in a location, providing homes for different species and promoting ecological balance.
- 🐺 Organisms interact in ecosystems through relationships like predation, competition, commensalism, parasitism, and mutualism, each affecting species survival.
- 🌲 Earth's biomes include aquatic, grassland, forest, desert, and tundra, each characterized by unique climates and species adaptations.
- 🛑 Climate change affects the biosphere by altering life cycles, species survival, and food chains, leading to potential habitat loss and extinction.
- 💧 Water quality and soil health are critical for human survival, agriculture, and ecosystem balance, with poor conditions leading to erosion and decreased yields.
- 🌡 Human population dynamics are influenced by factors such as food supply, disease, technological advancements, and environmental changes.
Q & A
What are the three main components of the biosphere?
-The three main components of the biosphere are the atmosphere, hydrosphere, and lithosphere. The atmosphere contains gases like carbon dioxide, oxygen, and nitrogen and protects life from harmful solar radiation. The hydrosphere includes all water bodies, supporting marine and land species. The lithosphere is the Earth's crust, containing rocks, soil, and minerals and is home to many terrestrial species.
What is biodiversity and why is it important?
-Biodiversity refers to the variety of life in an area, including animals, plants, fungi, and microorganisms. It is essential for processes that support life on Earth, such as nutrient cycling, pollination, and maintaining healthy ecosystems.
What are the three types of biodiversity?
-The three types of biodiversity are genetic diversity, species diversity, and ecosystem diversity. Genetic diversity refers to the variety of traits within species, helping them adapt to environmental changes. Species diversity refers to the number and abundance of species in an area, such as Australia's Great Barrier Reef. Ecosystem diversity refers to the variety of habitats in a particular location.
How does competition affect species in an ecosystem?
-Competition occurs when individuals or populations compete for the same resources. This can happen within or between species. For example, lions and hyenas compete for prey. Competition can be for food, territory, or other resources, and it influences how species coexist and survive.
What is the difference between predation and parasitism?
-Predation is when one organism eats another to obtain nutrients, such as a cat eating a rat. Parasitism is when one organism benefits at the expense of another without necessarily killing it, like ticks feeding on a host. Unlike predation, parasitism does not always result in the death of the host.
What are the main types of mutualistic relationships?
-Mutualism is a relationship in which both species benefit. The main types include obligate mutualism, where species cannot survive without each other; diffusive mutualism, where one species can live with multiple partners; and facultative mutualism, where species can survive on their own but benefit from the relationship under certain conditions.
What are Earth's five main biomes?
-Earth's five main biomes are aquatic, grassland, forest, desert, and tundra. Aquatic biomes include marine and freshwater environments. Grasslands are open areas with low rainfall. Forests are dominated by trees and home to diverse species. Deserts are dry, with little rainfall, and tundras are cold regions with permafrost.
How does climate change impact the biosphere?
-Climate change significantly impacts the biosphere by altering habitats, affecting species' survival and reproductive cycles, and influencing food chains. Rising temperatures, changing precipitation patterns, and extreme weather events can lead to habitat loss and increased risk of extinction for vulnerable species.
Why is soil important in an ecosystem?
-Soil is vital for plant growth, food production, and water purification. Healthy soil supports ecosystems and agriculture, while poor soil can lead to erosion and decreased crop yields.
What is the role of the biosphere in Earth's systems?
-The biosphere functions as Earth's life-support system, assisting in the regulation of atmospheric composition, soil health, and the water cycle. It provides the organic matter necessary for energy and nutrient cycling, supporting all forms of life on Earth.
Outlines
🌍 Components of the Biosphere
The biosphere has three main components: the atmosphere, hydrosphere, and lithosphere. The atmosphere consists of gases like carbon dioxide, oxygen, and nitrogen, and protects from harmful solar radiation. The hydrosphere includes all water bodies, supporting marine and land species. The lithosphere is the Earth's crust, home to rocks, soil, minerals, and many terrestrial species.
🌿 Understanding Biodiversity
Biodiversity refers to the variety of life in an area, including animals, plants, fungi, and microorganisms. It is crucial for life-supporting processes on Earth. Biodiversity includes genetic diversity (variation within species), species diversity (variety and abundance of species), and ecosystem diversity (variety of habitats). High biodiversity increases stability and resilience in ecosystems.
🌳 The Concept of Ecosystems
An ecosystem is a geographic area where living organisms interact with their physical environment. Ecosystems are complex networks where organisms occupy niches, involving five types of relationships: predation (one organism eats another), competition (organisms compete for resources), commensalism (one benefits, the other is unaffected), parasitism (one benefits, the other is harmed), and mutualism (both benefit).
🦠 Types of Species Relationships
There are various species relationships in ecosystems: commensalism (e.g., barnacles on whales), parasitism (e.g., ticks on hosts), and mutualism (e.g., bees pollinating flowers). Mutualism has three forms: obligate (species can't survive without each other), diffuse (organisms can partner with multiple species), and facultative (species can survive alone under certain conditions).
🌐 Overview of Earth's Biomes
Earth's biomes include aquatic, grassland, forest, desert, and tundra. Aquatic biomes are divided into marine and freshwater regions. Grasslands are open areas with low rainfall, maintained by wildfires and grazing. Forests are rich in biodiversity and play a crucial role in oxygen production. Deserts are dry with extreme temperatures, and tundras, located below the Arctic ice caps, act as carbon sinks.
🌡 Climate Change and the Biosphere
The biosphere affects Earth's climate system by altering atmospheric composition. Climate change impacts ecosystems and biodiversity, causing changes in life cycles, species distribution, and ecosystem services. Rising temperatures, changing precipitation patterns, and extreme weather events disrupt habitats, leading to potential species extinctions and affecting human resources like clean water and agriculture.
💧 Water Quality and Soil Health
Water quality varies between clean and contaminated, impacting health, agriculture, and ecosystems. Soil health influences plant growth, food production, and water purification. Healthy soil supports ecosystems and agriculture, while poor soil leads to erosion and reduced crop yields. Humidity affects plant transpiration and animal hydration, while air quality impacts respiratory health and photosynthesis.
🏞 The Importance of the Biosphere
The biosphere provides essential resources for life, including food, medicine, and materials. It supports ecosystems necessary for survival and adaptation. Human populations are influenced by environmental factors, social customs, and technological advancements. The biosphere's resources are finite and require preservation for sustainability. Biosphere reserves protect biodiversity and restore traditional lifestyles.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Biosphere
💡Atmosphere
💡Hydrosphere
💡Lithosphere
💡Biodiversity
💡Ecosystem
💡Predation
💡Mutualism
💡Biome
💡Climate Change
Highlights
The biosphere has three main components: atmosphere, hydrosphere, and lithosphere, each playing a crucial role in supporting life on Earth.
The atmosphere surrounds Earth, containing gases like carbon dioxide, oxygen, and nitrogen, while also providing protection from harmful solar radiation.
The hydrosphere includes all bodies of water and supports both marine and land species, making it vital for biodiversity.
The lithosphere, or Earth's crust, contains rock, soil, and minerals and is home to many terrestrial species.
Biodiversity is crucial for life, consisting of genetic, species, and ecosystem diversity, and it supports ecosystems and human survival.
Genetic diversity allows species to adapt to environmental changes, and examples include different breeds of dogs.
Species diversity refers to the variety and abundance of species in an area, such as the Great Barrier Reef, which is home to many aquatic species.
Ecosystem diversity is the variety of habitats in a specific area, providing the necessary environment for different plants and animals to thrive.
High biodiversity contributes to ecosystem stability, improving the chances of species and environmental survival.
Ecosystems are geographic areas where organisms interact with their physical environment, performing vital functions for life.
Five types of relationships exist among organisms: predation, competition, commensalism, parasitism, and mutualism, each with unique inter-species dynamics.
Mutualism, a relationship where both species benefit, plays a critical role in sustaining ecosystems, as seen in ants protecting aphids in exchange for food.
Earth's biomes, including aquatic, grassland, forest, desert, and tundra, each have unique characteristics that shape the environment and support biodiversity.
Climate change is significantly affecting the biosphere, altering plant and animal life cycles, habitats, and leading to extinction risks for vulnerable species.
Human activities, such as pollution and deforestation, impact air quality, water quality, and soil health, all of which are vital for ecosystem services like clean water and food production.
Transcripts
the biosphere has three main components
the first component is the atmosphere
where gases surrounding the Earth are
mostly found like carbon dioxide oxygen
and nitrogen It also grants protection
from harmful solar radiation the second
component is the the hydrosphere where
it includes all different bodies of
water and also supports marine life and
other land species the final the final
component is the litosphere also the
earth crust where rock soil and minerals
are found and it's also home to many
teral
species Let's talk about biodiversity
biodiversity refers to the different
kinds of life you find on one area for
example is the variety of animals plants
fungi and even microorganisms like
bacteria that makes up our natural world
it is essential for the processes that
supports life on earth including humans
in fact there are three kinds of
Biodiversity it contains the genetic
diversity species diversity and
ecosystem diversity genetic diversity
refers and focuses more on the genetic
variation and traits of species it is
important for the population to have the
ability to adapt to the changes within
their
environment one example of this
diversity is a different breeds of a dog
such as shitsu pug and Pit put meanwhile
species diversity refers to the number
variability and abundance of species in
one particular area one example of this
is the australia's create barrier rip it
is home to the different kinds of
aquatic species present in the
area lastly the ecosystem diversity it
refers to the variety of habitats youl
find in one specific location it is
important to have the diversity and
ecosystem so that each plant and animals
would have their own habitats in the
background it Talks about a location on
Earth that has a high biodiversity when
you say High biodiversity it Talks about
the diversity or variety of plants
animals individuals and ecosystem
in that location when the biodiversity
is high individuals species and
environments there is more chance of
getting a higher
stability moving on to our next part of
the lesson we have the
ecosystem the ecosystem is the Complex
of living organisms their physical
environment and other interrelationships
in a particular unit of
space an ecosystem is a Geographic area
where plants animals and other organisms
as well as wea landscapes work together
to perform a bubble of
light an ecosystem the organisms occupy
What are called niches a niche includes
the physical space in which they live
how they use the resources that are in
that space and how they interact with
each other
the interaction among organisms within
or between overlapping Nes can be
characterized into five types of
relationships first we have depredation
second competition three commensalism
for parasitism and lastly
mutualism predation is when one organism
eats another organism to obtain nutrient
nutrients the organism that is eaten is
called the pry an example is when cuts
it m
rats second is
competition competition is when
individuals populations compete for the
same resources and occur within or
between species when
organisms compete for a Resource such as
food or building materials it is called
consumptive or exploitative
competition when they compete for
territory it is called interference
competition when they compete for new
territory by arriving there first it is
called preemptive competition an example
is lions and hyenas that compete for
pray third relationship is commensalism
commensalism is a relationship in Which
one organism benefits while the other is
neither harmed nor
benefited an example of that
is when Barnacles stick into whales the
whale gets no benefit meanwhile the
Barnacles get a new way of mobility and
a way to avoid predators and they are
now introduced to a new to an more
diverse feeding opportunities
parasitism in Which one organism
benefits in the other is harm but not
always killed the organism that benefits
is called the parasite The One That is
harmed is called the host parasitism is
different from
parasitoid which is when the host is
always killed such as when one organism
lays eggs inside the
host later eaten by the hatch
parasites can be ectoparasites such as
ticks flees and
lees that live on the surface of the
host parasites can be also endoparasites
such as intestinal worms that live
inside the
host defensive mutualism It is one when
one organism provides protection from
from from predators while the other
provides food or Shelter an example
is when an example is ants and
IDs third and lastly the third one is
dispersive
mutualism it is when one species
receives food in return for transporting
the pollen of other organism which
occurs between Bees and
flowers and our last relationship is
mutualism mm is a relationship In which
both species benefit mutualistic
interaction pattern occurs in three
forms First The obligate mutualism it is
when one species cannot survive without
the
other second is the diffusive
mutualism it is when one organism can
live with one or more organism than
their partner Third is ulta
mutualism it is when one species can
survive on its own under certain
conditions on top of this mutual cystic
relationships there are
three general
purposes first is trophic
mutual it is exemplified in which
consist of fungi and either LJ or cob
bacteria the fungi part
provid provides sugar from
photosynthesis and the Fi provide
nutrients from digesting
rock the next topic that I will discuss
is all about earth's biome earth's biome
comprises of five main types which is
the aquatic grassland forest desert and
tundra first Let's start in the aquatic
bi aquatic biomes are the living and the
nonliving entities of water Bodies
constituting diverse
ecosystems aquatic biomes are divided
into marine and fresh
Water based on salt content marine
biomes are further divided into color
reefs Seas and
Oceans and estuaries biomes fresh water
volum biomes are lakes and Ponds rivers
and streams and wetland Biomes
fresh water region have low salt content
while the marine marine region has
higher salinity
content next is the grassland bay
grasslands are open areas of grass with
low rainfall wildfires and grazing by
animals that maintain their
ecosystem also grassland is located in
the subtopic continent the temperature
in the subcontinent
subtopic continent
is very very hot and l very little
chance of having a
rainfall types of grassland include
savannas and temperature and temperate
grasslands this type of
grassland typically lives because of the
hot temperature of that of
that next is the forest B forest are
where large number of trees and several
types of land organisms are
found forests are vital for life on
earth home to around 80% of all land
species and plays a role in oxygen
production because of the trees that
produces oxygen Carbon reduction The
Trees absorb and absorb Carbon then in
exchange for oxygen blood prevention
that Trees undergo by osmosis and
Climate regulation next is the desert
biome desert biomes are the driest
receiving only 10% of the rain as as a
Rainforest plants in this regions need
adaptations to compensate for the lack
of
water such as storing water in their
stems or having large root
system they need adaptations because
because of the
desert temperature being the
out of all the main out of all the five
main types of biomes lastly the tundra
the tundra is the cest
biome out of all the five main types of
biomes being mentioned located just
below the arctic ice caps and extending
across North America Europe and Asia it
acts as a Carbon sink Carbon Z attracts
more Carbon than it usually produces
large amount of carbon dioxide from the
atmosphere to
photosynthesis the tundra is wet due to
slow water evaporation and it has a
layer of permanently Frost ground called
permafrost
the biosphere temperature living
organism comprising
earths biosphere affects
earths climate change system they can
change the chemical make up the atmos SP
by for example absorbing carbon dioxide
through
photosynthesis as by plants and alga do
and by adding chemicals to the
atmosphere from pollution as humans do
the climate change is one topic that can
explain biosphere climate change also
alters The Life Cycles of plants and
animals for example as temperature get
warmer many plants are are starting to
grow and Bloom
earlier like in the spring and survive
longer Into The Fall some animals are
waking from hibernation sooners or
migrating at different times to climate
change is highly relevant to the
biosphere because it is
significantly impact ecosystem and
biodiversity rising temperature changing
precipitation patterns and extreme
weather events
like alter habitats affecting species
survivals and Reproductive cycles in
addition climate change can affect food
chain leading to have a Lost habitat and
has High percentage the ris of
Extinction for vulnerable species It
also affects ecosystem services that
humans rely on such as Clean water
pollination so next is water quality
there are kinds of water like clean
water and contaminated water
um the Clean water helps us for our
health agriculture and
environment while contaminated
water can cause illness and harm our
ecosystem and lastly soil it affects the
plant growth food production and water
pulverization healthy soil supports
ecosystem and agriculture while poor
poor soil um po
soil can lead to erosion and decreased
crop yields That's all next is humidity
This is the moisture level in the air
affecting plant water use and animal
hydration High humidity is common in
tropical and subtropical regions while
deserts experience low humidity this
affects transpiration in animals and
water Loss in Animals the last one is
air quality urban industrial areas tend
to have worse air quality compared to
rural areas due to emissions from
factories vehicles and other human
activity air quality affects the
Respiratory health in animals and
photosynthesis in
plants a picture Earth as a giant w with
a thin life sustaining layers of the b
this layer is like our protective skin
providing Us with everything we need to
from food to
Air many people rely on the biosphere
for basic needs including food medicine
construction materials and
fels all forms of life depend on the
resources to sustain their life which
include food water land and shelter
compressing both living and nonliving
elements the biosphere resources are
essential for our existence but they are
finit and require preservation for the
wellbeing of
life Our next topic in the biosphere is
the human population in Human biology
the whole number of inhabitants
occupying in an area such as a country
or the world and continually being
modified by increases such as births and
immigrations and losses such as death
and
immigrations as with any biological
population the size of a human
population is limited by the supply of
food the effect of diseases and other
environmental
factors human populations are further
affected by social customs governing
reproduction and by the technological
developments especially in medicine and
public health that have reduced
mortality and extended the lifespan in
short a human population refers to the
total number of people living in a
specific area such as a country or a
City the population size in a continent
or a country is always changing due to
immigration and
immigration while the population size in
the whole world is also changing because
of births and death
the population is also influenced by
environmental factors like food supply
diseases social customs as well as
technological advancement in medicine
and public health that have increased
life
expectancy now I want you to imagine a
City are born than that then the
population will increase but if a
country has a shortage of food the
may the population mayc due to
malnutrition and
starvation the importance of biosphere
the biosphere provides the ecosystem
that is needed for survival adaptation
to the biosphere Climate is expected to
for living organisms biodiversity and
the biosphere is a reliable source of
food on Earth Biodiversity is just what
it sounds
like biological
variety safe areas for the protection of
plants and animals are known as
biosphere
reserves It also helps it restores the
tribals traditional w of Life in the in
the
region they
protect they protect
the regions Biodiversity
the biosphere is the
ecological
organization's highest
level it covers all types of of life as
well as as any bio on the earth the
biosphere functions as the planet's life
support system assisting in the control
of atmospheric
composition soil health and the h
hydrological water
cycle a indicator of a biom biomes
contribution to the earth the biosphere
is a narrow zone on the surface of the
Earth where soil water and air
air combine to sustain the life can only
occur in this
zone the organic matter produced in the
spar is essential for supporting life on
earth as it provides energy
and the organic the organic matter
produced in the biosphere essential for
supporting life on earth it provides
energy and
nutrients for various organism from
microscopes
mes to
hum the organic matter provides the
organic matter provides organic matter
produc in the biosphere essential for
supporting life on earth as it provides
energy and nutrients for various
organism for microbes to humans
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