🇧🇷 Brazil - President Addresses United Nations General Debate, 79th Session | #UNGA
Summary
TLDRIn his address to the UN General Assembly, Brazilian President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva highlighted global challenges such as climate change, geopolitical conflicts, and economic inequality. He condemned the ongoing wars in Ukraine and the Middle East, urging peaceful dialogue and condemning excessive military spending. Lula emphasized Brazil's commitment to environmental sustainability, reducing deforestation, and addressing the climate crisis. He also called for reforming the United Nations to reflect modern realities, advocating for greater representation for developing countries in global decision-making. Lastly, he stressed the need for collective action to combat hunger and poverty.
Takeaways
- 🌍 Brazil emphasizes the importance of multilateralism and urges the UN to strengthen its capacity for addressing global crises.
- 🕊️ President Lula condemned the Ukraine war, highlighting the need for peace and dialogue, while acknowledging that neither side will achieve all objectives militarily.
- 💔 Brazil expressed concern over the humanitarian crisis in Gaza and the West Bank, condemning terrorism while also calling for an end to collective punishment of Palestinians.
- 💸 Lula criticized global military spending, noting the increase of $2.4 trillion and arguing that these funds should be redirected to fight hunger and climate change.
- 🌡️ The climate emergency is a key focus, with Brazil vowing to reduce deforestation in the Amazon by 50% and eliminate it by 2030, while advocating for better global action against climate change.
- 💡 Brazil is a leader in clean energy, with 90% of its electricity coming from renewable sources, and aims to advance the global energy transition through green hydrogen and bioeconomy.
- 📉 Lula highlighted the economic struggles in Latin America, criticizing economic inequality and urging for a sustainable and inclusive economic model.
- 🤖 Concerns were raised about the global inequality in the digital and artificial intelligence sectors, with a small number of countries controlling most AI advancements.
- 🍽️ Hunger remains a global crisis, with Lula pointing out that the world produces enough food, but political choices prevent its fair distribution. Brazil plans to launch a global alliance against hunger.
- 🔄 Lula called for comprehensive UN reform, particularly the Security Council, to make it more representative of the current global realities, advocating for inclusion of Latin America and Africa in permanent seats.
Q & A
What was the primary message of President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva in his address to the United Nations?
-President Lula's primary message emphasized the need for greater international cooperation, reforming global institutions like the UN, addressing humanitarian crises, resolving geopolitical conflicts, and tackling climate change. He called for a more equitable global order and advocated for peace and multilateralism.
What were President Lula’s views on the war in Ukraine?
-President Lula condemned the invasion of Ukrainian territory and expressed regret that the conflict has extended with no prospect of peace. He emphasized that neither side will achieve their objectives militarily and called for resuming direct dialogue between the parties.
How did President Lula describe the humanitarian crisis in Gaza and the West Bank?
-President Lula described the situation in Gaza and the West Bank as one of the greatest humanitarian crises in recent history. He condemned the terrorist actions against Israeli civilians but also criticized the collective punishment of the Palestinian people, with over 40,000 fatalities, mostly women and children.
What concerns did President Lula raise about global military spending?
-President Lula highlighted that global military spending has increased for the ninth consecutive year, reaching $2.4 trillion. He criticized the allocation of such resources to military capabilities rather than to fighting hunger or climate change.
What actions has Brazil taken to combat environmental degradation, according to President Lula?
-President Lula stated that his government has reduced deforestation in the Amazon by 50% in the past year and aims to eradicate it by 2030. Brazil is also fighting illegal mining and organized crime to preserve the environment and promote sustainable development through the bioeconomy.
How did President Lula address the issue of climate change in his speech?
-President Lula expressed frustration with the unfulfilled climate agreements and the lack of progress in reducing carbon emissions. He emphasized that 2024 is on track to be the hottest year in modern history and called for urgent action to address climate change, including transitioning to a green economy and reducing reliance on fossil fuels.
What is Brazil’s position on the reform of the United Nations, according to President Lula?
-President Lula advocated for a comprehensive reform of the United Nations, including the Security Council, to make it more effective and representative. He criticized the exclusion of Latin America and Africa from permanent seats on the Security Council and called for a transparent and inclusive reform process.
What were President Lula's views on the global debt burden faced by low and middle-income countries?
-President Lula expressed concern about the prohibitive financial conditions low and middle-income countries face, noting that African nations borrow at rates significantly higher than developed countries. He criticized the imbalance where poorer nations finance the wealthiest through unfair financial systems.
What initiative did President Lula announce to combat global hunger and poverty?
-President Lula announced the launch of the Global Alliance Against Hunger and Poverty, which will take place in Rio de Janeiro in November. This initiative is part of Brazil's G20 chairmanship and aims to unite countries in the fight against hunger, offering open participation to all willing nations.
How did President Lula address the topic of inequality and the need for fair taxation?
-President Lula highlighted the growing wealth disparity, noting that the fortunes of the top five billionaires have more than doubled while 60% of humanity has become poorer. He called for international cooperation to develop minimum global taxation standards and ensure the super-rich pay their fair share.
Outlines
🌍 Global Cooperation & Geopolitical Challenges
President Lula of Brazil begins by addressing the United Nations Assembly, acknowledging the Secretary-General and specific delegations, including the Palestinian observer delegation. He reflects on the recently adopted 'Pact for the Future,' noting the challenges in global cooperation. Lula highlights the rising geopolitical tensions, military spending, and the inability of international bodies to unite on critical issues like pandemics and peace. He stresses the importance of dialogue to resolve conflicts, especially in Ukraine and the Middle East, where humanitarian crises are worsening.
🌿 Climate Crisis & Brazil's Leadership
Lula shifts focus to climate change, describing the devastating impact of global warming, including natural disasters in various parts of the world and the Amazon. He emphasizes Brazil’s commitment to combating environmental degradation and illegal activities, proudly announcing a reduction in deforestation and plans to eliminate it by 2030. Lula positions Brazil as a leader in renewable energy, citing its clean energy mix and green hydrogen production, and calls for a global shift away from fossil fuels. He asserts Brazil's readiness to host COP 30 in 2025 and its dedication to multilateral solutions for climate challenges.
💼 Social Inequality & Economic Reform
In this section, Lula addresses economic and social inequality, particularly in Latin America. He criticizes the isolation of Cuba and highlights the urgent need for public order in Haiti. Lula emphasizes the importance of defending democracy against extremist threats, ensuring that governance responds to issues like hunger, unemployment, and inequality. He argues that neither ultra-liberal economic experiments nor isolationism offer solutions to these problems, calling for a more inclusive and sustainable state to address regional challenges.
📜 Sovereignty & Global Governance
Lula discusses the importance of sovereignty, highlighting the need for states to enforce laws, including in the digital realm. He critiques the growing influence of a small group of companies and countries over global resources and knowledge, particularly in artificial intelligence. Lula advocates for AI development that respects cultural diversity and human rights. He also calls for reform in global financial systems, noting the prohibitive costs for low- and middle-income countries to access financial resources, and pushes for greater participation from developing countries in institutions like the IMF and World Bank.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Geopolitical disputes
💡Climate change
💡Multilateralism
💡Humanitarian crisis
💡Sustainable development
💡Global military spending
💡UN reform
💡Food insecurity
💡Economic inequality
💡Energy transition
Highlights
Brazil condemns the invasion of Ukraine and calls for dialogue between parties, emphasizing that neither side will achieve their objectives militarily.
President Lula condemns collective punishment of Palestinians and calls for a ceasefire in Gaza, highlighting over 40,000 fatalities, mostly women and children.
Brazil has reduced deforestation in the Amazon by 50% in the last year and aims to eradicate it by 2030.
Global military spending has grown for the ninth consecutive year, reaching $2.4 trillion, while hunger and climate change remain underfunded.
Lula stresses that the UN needs to be empowered to deal with rapid changes in the global landscape, calling for reforms in its structure, including the Security Council.
Brazil will host COP30 in 2025, reinforcing its commitment to multilateralism and the global climate emergency.
Lula criticizes the current global economic system, calling for greater participation of developing nations in the governance of the IMF and World Bank.
He emphasizes that the poorest countries are financing the richest due to high borrowing costs, describing it as a 'Marshall Plan in Reverse'.
Brazil seeks to eradicate hunger domestically by 2024, having lifted over 24 million people out of severe food insecurity in 2023 alone.
Lula calls for international cooperation to develop global minimum taxation standards, emphasizing the growing inequality between the super-rich and the working class.
The right to self-defense must not be confused with vengeance, which Lula argues has fueled the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.
Brazil aims to become a global leader in renewable energy, with 90% of its electricity coming from renewable sources, and is at the forefront of green hydrogen production.
Lula criticizes the persistent colonial practices in global governance, specifically excluding Latin America and Africa from permanent seats in the UN Security Council.
He calls for a comprehensive reform of the United Nations Charter, which has not been substantially updated since 1973, to address contemporary challenges.
Lula highlights Brazil's leadership in the bioeconomy and sustainable development, ensuring indigenous communities are part of decision-making processes.
Transcripts
the assembly will hear an
address by his Excellency Luis inao Lula
da
Silva president of the federative
Republic of
Brazil I request protocol to escort his
Excellency and invite him to address the
assembly m
my greetings to the president of the
general assembly Mr Yang I would like to
greet the Secretary
General Antonio GIS and each of the
heads of state and government and
delegates
present I'd like to address it
specifically to the Palestinian
delegation who is taking part in this
opening session for the first time a bit
as an observer
member I'd like to
also um mention president abas attending
this meeting ladies and gentlemen the
day before yesterday here in this very
plenary we adopted the pact of the for
the future it's difficult approval show
shows the weakening of our Collective
capacity for negotiation and dialogue
its limited scope is also an expression
of the Paradox of our time we walk
around in circles between possible
commitments that lead to insufficient
results not even with the tragedy of
covid-19 were we able tonight around a
treaty on pandemics at the World Health
Organization
we need to go much further and provide
the UN with the necessary means to face
the dizzying changes in the
international Panorama we are living in
a time of growing anguish frustration
tension and fear we are witnessing an
alarmy escalation of geopolitical
disputes and strategic rivalries
2023 holds the sad record of the highest
number of conference since World War II
Global military spending grew for the
ninth consecutive year and reached
$2.4
trillion over 90 billion doar have been
mobilized with nuclear
arsenals these resources could have been
used to finance the right the fight
against hunger and climate change what
we are seeing is an increase in military
capability ities the use of force not
supported by international law is
becoming the rule we are witnessing two
simultaneous conflicts with the
potential to become widespread
configurations in Ukraine with regret we
are seeing the war extending without any
Prospect of Peace Brazil has firmly
condemned the invasion of the Ukrainian
territory it is already clear that
neither side will be able to achieve all
their objectives through military means
the use of increasingly destructive
weapons brings to the mind the darkest
days of this star Cold War confrontation
creating conditions for resuming direct
dialogue between the parties is crucial
at this time this is a message of the
six points of understanding that China
and Brazil offer for a process of
dialogue to be established and the and
for the hostilities to end in Gaza and
the West Bank we are witnessing one of
the greatest humanitarian crisis in
recent history which is now spreading
dangerously to
Lebanon what began as a terrorist action
by Fanatics against innocent Israeli
civilians has become a collective
punishment for the entire Palestinian
people they have been over 40,000 fatal
victims mostly women and children the
right to defense has become the right to
Vengeance which prevents an agreement
for the release of hostages and
postpones the
ceasefire forgotten conflicts in Sudan
and Yemen are causing excruciating
suffering to nearly 30 million people
this year the number of people in need
of humanitarian Aid in the world will
reach 300
million in times of increasing
polarization Expressions such as Del
global ization and decoupling have
become commonplace but it is impossible
to detie our life together we're doomed
to climate change
interdependence the planet is no longer
waiting to demand payment for the next
generation and is fed up with
unfulfilled climate agreements it it's
tired of neglected carbon reduction
targets and financial aid to poor
country that does not arrive Den
ISM succumbs to evidence of global
warming
2024 is on track to be the hottest year
in modern history hurricanes in the
Caribbean tyoon in Asia droughts and
floods in Africa torrential rains in
Europe leave a trail of death and
destruction in the south of Brazil we
had the biggest flood since
1941 the Amazon
is experiencing the worst drought in 45
years the forest fires have spread
across the country and have already
devoured 5 million hectars in August
alone my government does not Outsource
responsibilities nor does it abdicate
its sovereignty we have done already a
lot but we know that much more needs to
be done in addition to facing the
challenge of climate crisis we're
fighting against those who profit with
environmental degradation we will not
tolerate environmental crimes illegal
Mining and organized crime we reduce the
deforestation the Amazon by 50% in the
last year and we will eradicate it by
2030 it is no longer acceptable to think
about solutions for tropical forests
without listening to the indigenous
peoples traditional communities and all
those that live in them our sustainable
development vision is based on the
potential of the
bioeconomy Brazil will host cope 30 in
2025 convinced that
multilateralism is the only way to
overcome the climate
emergency our nationally determined
contribution NDC will be presented later
this year in line with the goal of
limiting the increase of the planet's
temperature temperature to
1.5° Brazil stands out as a source of
opportunities in this world
revolutionalized by energy transition
today we are one of the countries with
the cleanest Energy Mix 90% of our
electricity comes from renewable sources
such as biomass hydroelectrical power
solo power and wind power we made the
choice for bofu 50 years ago long before
the discussion about alternative
energies gain traction we are the
Forefront of other important niches such
as green hydrogen production it is time
to face the debate about the slow pace
of the planet's
decarbonization and work for an economy
less reliant on fossil fuels Mr
President Latin
American has been experienced since a
sec a second last decade since 2014 the
Region's average growth during this
period was only just 9% less than half
of what was seen in the last decade of
the 80s this combination of low growth
and high levels of inequality results in
harmful effects on the political
landscape engulfed by disputes often
unrelated to the region our vocation for
cooperation and understanding has been
weakened it is unjust ified keeping Cuba
on a unilateral list of states that
allegedly promote
terrorism and also that this is undo
this in this he reaches the most
vulnerable uh countries in Haiti it's
urgent to combine actions to restore
public order and promote development in
Brazil defending democracy implies
impermanent action against extremist
Miss IC and totalitarian attacks which
spread hatred intolerance and
resentment it was on its behalf that
Brazilians defeated dictators and
tyrants who tried to undermine
institution and put them at the service
of reactionary interests democracy needs
to respond to the legitimate aspiration
of those who no longer accept hunger
inequality unemployment and violence in
a globalized world it makes no sense to
Resort to false Patriots and
isolationists nor is there hoping
resorting to ultra liberal experiments
that only worsen the difficulties of an
impoverished continent the future of our
region depends above all on building a
sustainable efficient and inclusive
state that tackles all forms of
discrimination a a future which is is
not intimidated by individuals
corporations or digital platforms that
consider themselves Above the Law
freedom is the first victim of a world
with no rules essential elements of
sovereignty
includes the right to prescribe laws
educate disputes and enforce rules
within one's territory including the
digital environment the state we are
building is sensitive to the needs of
the most vulnerable without giving up
sound macroeconomic foundations the
false opposition between State and
Market was abandoned by developed
Nations which returned to practice
active industrial policies and strong
regulation of the domestic economy in
the area of artificial intelligence we
are experiencing the consolidation of
asymmetries that lead to a true
knowledge oligopoly the unprecedent uh
con in the hands of a small number of
people and companies based in an even
smaller number of countries is advancing
we are interested in in
emancipatory artificial intelligence
which also has the face of the global
South and which strengthens cultural
diversity that respects human rights
protects personal data and promotes
information integrity and above all that
it will be a tool for peace not for
war we need
intergovernmental intelligence in which
all states have a seat Mr
President conditions for accessing
Financial Resources remain prohibitive
for most low and middle income countries
the debt burden limits fiscal room to
invest in health and education reduce
inequalities and address climate change
African countries borrow at rate up to
eight times higher than Germany and four
times higher than the United
States it's a Marshall Plan in Reverse
in which the poorest Finance the
richest without greater participation of
the developing countries in the
management the IMF and the World Bank
there will be no effective
change while the sustainable development
goals lag behind the world's 100 50
largest companies had collectively made
up
to1 trillion dollar in profits over the
last two years the fortunes of the top
five billionaires have more than doubled
since the start of this decade while 60%
of the humanity has become poor the
super rich pay
proportionately much less tax than the
working class to remedy this anomaly
Brazil has in insisted on International
cooperation to develop minimum Global
taxation
standards the data released by FAO two
months ago on the state of food
insecurity in the world is shocking the
number of people going hungry around the
world has increased by more than 152
million since 2019 this means that 9% of
the world's population 733 million
people people are
undernourished the problem is severely
severe Africa and Asia but it also
persists in parts of Latin America women
and girls make up the
majority of people facing hunger in the
world pandemics armed conflicts climate
events and agricultural subsidies from
rich countries are increasing the scope
of this scorge but hunger is not just
the result of external factors it arises
above all from political choices today
the world produces more than enough food
to eradicate it what is missing is for
conditions to be created so that food
may be affordable this is my
government's most urgent commitment and
hunger in Brazil as we did in
2014 in 23 alone we lived at 24 m ion
and 400,000 people out of a condition of
severe food insecurity the global
alliance against hunger and poverty
which we will launch in Rio de Janeiro
in November was born from this political
will and this Spirit of
solidarity it will be one of the main
results of the Brazilian G20
chairmanship and is open to the
world anyone who wants to join this
Collective effort is
welcome Mr President ladies and
gentlemen about to turn 80 the United
Nations
Charter has never undergone
comprehensive reform only four
amendments were passed all of them
between
1965 and
1973 the Charter's current version fails
to address some of Humanity's most
pressing challenges when the UN was
founded we were 50 one countries we are
now
193 countries several countries mainly
on the African continent were under
colonial rule when the UN was founded
and had no say over its goals and
functioning there is no gender balance
in the highest positions the position of
Secretary General has never been held by
a woman
we are approaching the end of the first
quarter of the 21st century where the
United Nations increasingly empty and
paralyzed it is time to react vigorously
to this situation restoring to the
organization the prerogatives that
derive from its status as a universal
Forum one off adjustments are not enough
we need to think about review and
revising the charter comprehensively the
reform should include the following
goals transforming the economic and
social Council into the main forum for
dealing with sustainable development and
the fight against climate change with a
real capacity to inspire financial
institutions revitalizing the role of
the general assembly including in
matters of International Peace and
security strengthening of the
peacebuilding commission reform of the
security Council focusing on its
composition working methods and veto
powers in order to make it more
effective and representative of
contemporary realities excluding Latin
America and Africa from the permanent
seats of the Security Council is an
unacceptable Eco of domination practices
from the colonial past I
have let's promote this discussion in a
transparent
way let's promote this discussion in a
transparent way in consultation with the
g77 the G20 in the bricks in the Caron
at the UI at any other spaces that exist
I do have have no Illusions about the
complexity of a reform like this which
will face crystallized interests in
maintaining the status quo it will
require enormous negotiation effort but
that is our responsibility we cannot
wait for another world tragedy like the
World War II to only then build a new
governance on its
rubbles the will of the majority can
persuade those who cling to the raw
expression of the mechanisms of
power the Humanity's aspirations equal
in this plenary here we engage in the
world's big debates in this forum we
look for answers to the problems
inflicted on the
world it is on it is up to the general
assembly the biggest expression of
multilateralism the mission to pave the
way for the future thank you very much
[Applause]
on behalf of the assembly I wish to
thank the president of the federative
Republic of Brazil
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