Dr Arjun Rao -Non-conventional energy sources
Summary
TLDRThis lecture explores non-conventional, or renewable, energy sources like solar, wind, hydroelectric, biomass, and geothermal energy. It highlights India's significant hydro power capacity and initiatives promoting renewable energy, emphasizing the environmental and economic benefits. The talk also covers government schemes like the National Solar Mission, aiming for 175 GW of solar power by 2022, and the importance of these sources in rural development and energy security.
Takeaways
- 🌞 Non-conventional energy sources, also known as renewable energy, are derived from natural and sustainable processes that are continuously replenished.
- 🌬️ Solar energy is harnessed using photovoltaic cells or solar panels, which convert sunlight into electricity.
- 💨 Wind energy is generated by wind turbines that capture the kinetic energy of wind and convert it into electricity, with wind power being one of the fastest-growing renewable energy sources.
- 💧 Hydroelectric energy, or hydro power, is produced by the flow of water, often through dams on rivers, with India having the world's fifth-largest hydro power capacity.
- 🌾 Biomass energy comes from organic materials like wood, agricultural residues, and wastes, which can be used to generate heat or electricity.
- 🔥 Geothermal energy uses the Earth's internal heat for electricity generation or heating and cooling, typically through geothermal power plants.
- 🌊 Wave energy converts the kinetic energy of ocean waves into electricity, with various technologies such as point absorbers and oscillating water columns.
- 🏡 Non-conventional energy technologies like solar panels and wind turbines can be integrated into existing power grids to meet daily energy needs.
- 🌱 Using non-conventional energy sources offers environmental benefits such as reduced greenhouse gas emissions and improved air quality.
- 🌐 Government schemes in India, like the National Solar Mission, aim to promote renewable energy deployment and achieve energy security and sustainability goals.
Q & A
What are non-conventional energy sources?
-Non-conventional energy sources, also known as renewable energy sources, are forms of energy that originate from natural and sustainable processes that are continuously replaced. They differ from traditional fossil fuels like coal, oil, and natural gas, which are finite and contribute to environmental degradation.
How does solar energy harness the energy from the Sun?
-Solar energy harnesses the energy from the Sun using photovoltaic cells, also known as solar panels, which convert sunlight into electricity. Solar power is abundant and can be harnessed through technologies such as solar panels, water heaters, and concentrated solar power systems.
What is wind energy and how is it converted into electricity?
-Wind energy is the process where giant wind turbines capture kinetic energy from the wind and convert it into electricity. This is a mature technology used in both onshore and offshore installations globally and is one of the fastest-growing renewable energy sources.
What is hydroelectric power and what is India's standing in this sector?
-Hydroelectric power, also known as hydro power, is generated by the conversion of the energy in flowing water, typically through big dams on rivers or by using the natural flow of water. India has the world's fifth-largest hydro power capacity and is home to several large electric power plants that generate clean and renewable electricity.
How many hydroelectric power plants does India have, and what is the capacity of some of the significant projects?
-India has more than 197 hydroelectric power plants capable of producing more than 25 megawatts of electricity. Some significant projects include the Hirakud hydro power complex with an installed capacity of 2400 megawatts, the Koyna hydroelectric project generating about 1900 megawatts, and the Sardar Sarovar Dam producing approximately 1600 megawatts.
What is biomass energy and how is it produced?
-Biomass energy refers to any organic materials like wood, agricultural residue, and wastes that can be used as fuel to generate heat or electricity. It can be produced through combustion, fermentation, or biochemical conversions processes like anaerobic digestion.
What types of biomass are found in India and what are their uses?
-In India, types of biomass include agricultural residues such as rice straw, wheat straw, sugarcane bagasse, and corn straws. These residues can be used for generating electricity, cooking purposes, and heating purposes.
What is geothermal energy and how is it utilized?
-Geothermal energy harnesses the heat from within the Earth to generate electricity or provide heating and cooling mechanisms. It generally utilizes the Earth's internal heat through geothermal power plants, heat pumps, and direct use applications like hot springs.
How does wave energy convert the energy from ocean waves into electricity?
-Wave energy converts the kinetic energy of ocean waves into electricity using various technologies such as point absorbers, oscillating water columns, and attenuators.
What are the key advantages and benefits of using non-conventional energy sources?
-The key advantages and benefits of using non-conventional energy sources include environmental benefits such as reduced greenhouse gas emissions, improved air quality, and conservation of natural resources. They also contribute to the diversification of energy sources, leading to economic benefits and sustainable development. Additionally, they serve as instruments for bringing electricity to remote regions, improving the quality of life and supporting social and economic development.
What are some government schemes in India that promote non-conventional energy sources?
-Some notable government schemes in India that promote non-conventional energy sources include Pradhan Mantri Urja Suraksha Evam Utthan Maha Abhiyan (PM-KUSUM), Kisan Urja Suraksha Evam Utthan Maha Abhiyan (KUSUM), and the National Solar Mission, which aims to achieve 100 GW of solar power capacity by 2022, subsequently revised to 175 GW.
Outlines
🌞 Introduction to Non-Conventional Energy Sources
This paragraph introduces non-conventional energy sources, also known as renewable energy sources, which are derived from natural and sustainable processes that are continuously replenished. It contrasts these with conventional fossil fuels like coal, oil, and natural gas, which are finite and contribute to environmental degradation. The paragraph lists various types of non-conventional energy sources, including solar, wind, hydroelectric, biomass, and geothermal energy. It explains how solar energy is harnessed using photovoltaic cells or solar panels, and how wind energy is captured by wind turbines. It also highlights India's significant hydroelectric capacity and mentions major hydroelectric power projects, such as the Hirakud Hydro Power Complex, the Koyna Hydroelectric Project, and the Tehri Dam. The paragraph concludes by discussing biomass energy, which involves the use of organic materials like wood and agricultural residues for heat or electricity generation.
🌊 Wave Energy and Non-Conventional Energy Technologies
The second paragraph delves into wave energy, which is the conversion of the kinetic energy of ocean waves into electricity. It mentions various technologies developed for wave energy conversion, such as point absorbers and oscillating water columns. The paragraph then transitions to discuss the broader application of non-conventional energy technologies, emphasizing their integration into existing power grids to meet daily energy needs. It notes the use of solar panels for pumping groundwater in remote areas, which is crucial for agriculture and rural development. The paragraph also outlines the environmental benefits of non-conventional energy sources, such as reduced greenhouse gas emissions and improved air quality. It discusses the economic and social benefits, including energy diversification and providing electricity to remote regions. The paragraph concludes by mentioning several government schemes in India aimed at promoting non-conventional energy sources, such as the National Solar Mission, which was launched to achieve 100 gigawatts of solar power capacity by 2022, later revised to 175 gigawatts.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Non-conventional energy sources
💡Solar energy
💡Wind energy
💡Hydroelectric energy
💡Biomass
💡Geothermal energy
💡Wave energy
💡Off-grid solar power systems
💡Environmental benefits
💡National Solar Mission
Highlights
Non-conventional energy sources, also known as renewable energy sources, originate from natural and sustainable processes.
These sources are non-conventional as they differ from finite fossil fuels like coal, oil, and natural gas.
Examples of non-conventional energy sources include solar, wind, hydroelectric, biomass, and geothermal energy.
Solar energy is harnessed using photovoltaic cells or solar panels to convert sunlight into electricity.
Wind energy is captured by wind turbines and is one of the fastest-growing renewable energy sources.
India ranks fifth globally in hydroelectric power capacity, with over 197 hydropower plants.
Hydroelectric power is generated by the movement of water, typically through dams or natural water flow.
Biomass energy comes from organic materials like wood, agricultural residue, and wastes for heat or electricity generation.
Geothermal energy uses the Earth's internal heat for electricity generation or heating and cooling.
Wave energy converts the kinetic energy of ocean waves into electricity.
Non-conventional energy technologies can be integrated into power grids for daily energy needs.
Solar panels can power water pumps for agriculture in remote areas without grid electricity.
Non-conventional energy sources offer environmental benefits like reduced greenhouse gas emissions.
They contribute to energy diversification, economic benefits, and sustainable development.
Off-grid solar power systems can provide electricity to millions of households in rural India.
Government schemes in India promote the adoption and development of non-conventional energy sources.
The National Solar Mission aims to achieve 175 GW of solar power capacity by 2022.
Transcripts
hello listeners welcome to the next
topic of the module which is
non-conventional energy sources
non-conventional energy sources are also
known as renewable energy sources so
these forms of energy originates from
natural and sustainable processes that
are continuously replaced so these
sources are considered non-conventional
because they differ from traditional
fossil fuels like as coal oil and
natural gases which are finite in number
and contribute to the environmental
degradation solar energy wind energy
hydroelectric energy biomass and
geothermal energy are a few examples of
non-conventional energy sources so when
we talk about solar energy we refer to
solar power that harnesses the energy
from the Sun using photovoltaic cells
are called as solar panels converting
the sunlight into electricity solar
energy is abundant in nature which may
need to utilize more this can be
harnessed through various Technologies
such as solar panels water heaters and
concentrated Solar Power
Systems the next is wind energy where
giant wind turbines capture kinetic
energy from the wind and convert it into
electricity
this wind power is a mature technology
used in both onshore and offshore
installations globally this is one of
the fastest growing renewable energy
sources the third one is about
hydroelectric energy or Hydro power or
hydroelectric power when it comes to
hydroelectric power India has the
world's fifth largest Hydro power
capacity which is home to several large
electric power plants that generates
clean and renewable electricity in our
country there are more than 197 hydrop
power plants which are capable of
producing more than 25 megaw of
electricity so this hydroelectric power
is usually generated by The Binding of
energy in flowing water typically
through big dams on rivers or by using
the natural flow of water
in India there are a few of the most
significant hydroelectric power projects
such as the hakun Hydro power complex
the coana hydroelectric project and the
three syum Dam which are running the
hirakud hydrop power complex has an
installed capacity of 2400 megaw while
the Kaa hydroelectric project generates
about 1900 megaw and the three syum Dam
produces approxim o imately 1600
megawatt the next is about biomass
energy biomass refers to any organic
materials like wood agricultural residue
and wastes that can be used as a f fuel
to generate heat or
electricity biomass energy can be
produced through combustion fermentation
or biochemical
conversions processes like anerobic
digestion
a few of the types of biomass which are
found in India are agricultural
residuales these may include the crop
residues such as the rice straw wheat
straw sugar can Baggers and corn straws
these residues can be used for
generating electricity cooking purposes
and heating purposes under the ministry
of new and renewable energy the ntion
bio energy program which constitutes a
pathway to
energy this program focuses on energy
generation from Urban industrial and
agricultural waste
residues the second program is the
biomass program a scheme to support the
liquid pallet manufacturing and also
promotes the biomass based Cur
generation in
Industries the third program which
encompasses both biomass and biog gas
programs the last aspect which is about
geothermal energy the geothermal power
which harnesses the heat from within the
Earth to generate the electricity or to
provide a heating and cooling
mechanism It generally utilizes the
Earth's internal heat through geothermal
power plants heat pumps and direct use
applications like Hot Springs
the next topic is about wave energy and
wave power which utilizes the energy
from motion of the waves to generate the
electricity wave energy converts the
kinetic energy of waves into electric
powers various technologies have been
developed for wave energy conversion
such as Point absorbers oscillating
water columns and
ators in nonconventional energy
resources wave energy finds profound
uses including electricity generation
Heating and Cooling
transportations water pumping and
irrigations electricity generation with
non-conventional energy sources which
involves the using Technologies such as
solar panels and turbines at
hydroelectric dams and geothermal plants
these Technologies convert the natural
resources into
electricity which can be integrated into
existing power grids to meet the daily
energy needs of homes businesses and
small scale Industries these sources
generates electricity through
Technologies such as solar panels wind
turbines hydroelectric dams geothermal
power plants and wave energy
converters solar panels can be used to
power the water pumps pumping
groundwater and
irrigation in remote areas where the
Grid electricity is not sufficiently
available this application could be
crucial for agriculture and rural
development areas providing assess to
waters for crop cultivation and
livestock needs and purposes
wanted to convey the key advantages and
benefits of using non-conventional
energy
sources these may include the
environmental benefits such as reduced
greenhouse gas
emissions improved air quality and
conservation of Natural Resources
non-conventional
resources also contributes to the
diversification of energy
sources leading to economic benefits and
sustainable
development they serve as the
instruments for bringing the electricity
to remote regions which are not
connected to the main power
stations so these offgrid Solar Power
Systems in particular May provides the
electricity that can be assessed by
millions of households in rural
India which may improve their quality of
life and support the social and economic
development I would like to mention a
few schemes under the non-conventional
energy sources in India that have
implemented initiatives to promote the
adoption and development of
non-conventional energy
sources these schemes mainly aim to
accelerate the deployment of renewable
energy
Technologies and also achieves the
country's energy security environmental
sustainability and social economic
development
goals some notable government schemes
which are under the non-conventional
energy sources in India are pradan mry
kissan urja
suraa Mutan Maha
Aban National solar Mission the national
solar Mission or jaal neeru national
solar mission was launched in 2010 to
promote solar energy deployment
Nationwide it aims to achieve 100 gaw of
solar power capacity by
2022 subsequently revised to 175
gaws thank you all for listening to this
lecture on non-conventional energy
sources
[Music]
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