What You Should Do To Build a Functional E-government - Estonia | Margus Mägi | TEDxBratislava
Summary
TLDRThe speaker discusses Estonia's digital transformation, highlighting how e-services have revolutionized daily life, from establishing companies to filing taxes online. Estonia's approach to digital governance, including the use of a national ID card for secure access to services and the 'once-only' principle to minimize paperwork, is emphasized. The talk also touches on the country's vision for the future, with plans to expand its digital community through e-residency and the concept of Government 5.0, aiming for seamless, proactive public services.
Takeaways
- 🌐 Estonia has a highly developed digital infrastructure that allows for almost all government services to be conducted online.
- 🏢 It's possible to establish a company in Estonia within 18 minutes online, highlighting the efficiency of their e-services.
- 📱 Tax filing in Estonia is streamlined, with most information prefilled and the process often taking only a few minutes.
- 🏥 Citizens have online access to their medical records and can share them with healthcare providers of their choice.
- 💊 Prescriptions can be managed online, allowing for the purchase of medicine from any pharmacy without physical paperwork.
- 📱 The Estonian government has been proactive in embracing technology, as illustrated by the former president's story about setting the national anthem as his ringtone.
- 🌉 The country's history of invasions and geographical dispersion has influenced its approach to governance and technology, favoring distributed systems.
- 🏛️ Estonia's government services are built on a distributed architecture where each ministry manages its own信息系统, but data is shared among them as needed.
- 🔐 The national ID card in Estonia serves as a secure digital identity, enabling citizens to access services and provide signatures without physical visits to government offices.
- 📉 Estonia has one of the lowest corruption rates globally, with a high percentage of financial transactions and tax filings happening online.
- 🚀 The Estonian government is working towards 'Government 5.0', aiming to provide services without requiring citizens to submit applications, instead using existing data.
- 🌟 The e-Residency program allows non-Estonians to access Estonian e-services, potentially expanding the country's influence and economic reach.
Q & A
What is the significance of the Estonian e-services mentioned in the script?
-The Estonian e-services are significant because they enable citizens to perform almost all government-related tasks online, such as establishing a company, filing taxes, and accessing medical records, which greatly simplifies administrative processes and reduces the need for physical presence at government offices.
How long does it take to establish a company in Estonia using online services?
-According to the script, it is possible to establish a company in Estonia within 18 minutes using online services.
What is the 'once-only' principle mentioned in the script?
-The 'once-only' principle refers to a concept where citizens only need to provide their information to a government institution once, after which the institution is obligated to reuse this information without asking for it again.
What role does the Estonian ID card play in the country's e-services?
-The Estonian ID card, which contains a chip, allows citizens to log into any governmental service without pre-registration and to give digital signatures, enabling them to conduct transactions and sign documents from home without visiting a government office.
Why did Estonia look towards Finland for inspiration during its development?
-Estonia looked towards Finland because it was seen as a model country with higher income, low corruption, a proper government structure, and technological advancements like Nokia, which Estonia aimed to emulate.
What does the term 'e-resident' mean in the context of Estonia?
-An 'e-resident' refers to a non-Estonian citizen who has access to Estonian e-services through a digital ID card. This allows them to establish a company, open a bank account, and sign documents digitally and legally, all from a distance.
What is the goal of Estonia's e-residency program by 2025?
-The goal of Estonia's e-residency program is to increase the number of e-residents to 10 million by 2025, effectively expanding the nation's capabilities and influence in a digital context.
How does Estonia's approach to government services differ from traditional models?
-Estonia's approach differs by focusing on digitalization and data sharing between government institutions, reducing the need for citizens to repeatedly provide the same information. It also aims to automate services to the point where the government works 'behind the scenes' without requiring extensive applications from citizens.
What is the 'Government 5.0' concept mentioned in the script?
-Government 5.0 refers to the future vision of Estonia's government services where all necessary information about citizens is already known to the government, allowing for seamless service provision without the need for citizens to submit extensive applications.
What is the historical context behind Estonia's distributed approach to governance?
-The historical context is rooted in Estonia's past as a small nation that has been invaded multiple times. This led to a survival instinct of living in dispersed, self-sufficient communities, which influenced the country's approach to building a distributed, rather than centralized, information system for its government services.
Outlines
🌐 Estonia's Digital Transformation
The speaker introduces Estonia as a country that has successfully implemented eServices, allowing citizens to conduct a wide range of government-related tasks online. These services include registering a company, filing taxes, and accessing medical records. The talk highlights how Estonia has managed to digitize its public services to the extent that it can save time and reduce the need for physical documentation. The story of Estonia's former president, Mr. Leonard Murray, and his quest to have the Estonian anthem as his mobile ringtone exemplifies the nation's innovative spirit and its drive to find solutions that benefit its citizens.
🏡 Estonia's Historical Survival Instinct and Digital Architecture
The speaker discusses Estonia's historical context, explaining how the country's geographical location and past invasions have shaped its people's survival instincts, leading to a dispersed living pattern. This historical perspective is connected to Estonia's approach to building its government services. The country opted for a distributed architecture for its information systems, where each ministry manages its own data but shares information with citizens as the data owners. This approach has enabled Estonia to implement the 'once-only' principle, reducing the need for citizens to repeatedly submit the same information to different government institutions.
🌟 Estonia's Vision for a Seamless Government Experience
The speaker outlines Estonia's ambitions to further digitize its government services, aiming to make the process seamless and invisible to the citizens. Estonia is recognized as one of the least corrupt countries with a high percentage of online transactions and digital voting. The concept of 'e-Residency' is introduced, allowing non-Estonians to access Estonian eServices and participate in the digital economy. The speaker concludes by emphasizing the need for strong political will and modern legislation to achieve a truly digital society and encourages the audience to support politicians who are committed to driving this change.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡eServices
💡Digital Signature
💡Once-Only Principle
💡National ID Card
💡eResidency
💡Digital Transformation
💡Centralized vs. Distributed Architecture
💡Legislation Adaptation
💡Corruption Reduction
💡Government 5.0
Highlights
Estonia has a vast amount of eServices, allowing citizens to perform almost all government-related tasks online.
Establishing a company in Estonia can be done within 18 minutes online without leaving home.
Tax filings in Estonia are streamlined, taking only five minutes with prefilled information and mobile phone assistance.
Estonian citizens can view their medical records online and choose hospitals and doctors to share them with.
Estonia's ePrescribing system allows for purchasing medicine from any pharmacy of choice.
The Estonian government's approach to digital services was inspired by the need to serve a dispersed population efficiently.
Estonia adopted a distributed architecture for its information systems, allowing each ministry to manage its own data.
The 'once-only' principle in Estonia means citizens only need to submit information to the government once.
Estonia's national ID card enables citizens to log into any government service and provide digital signatures.
Estonia has one of the lowest corruption rates globally, with 99% of bank transactions and 98% of taxes filed online.
30% of votes for Estonia's Parliament are cast over the Internet.
Estonia is working towards Government 5.0, aiming to provide services without requiring applications from citizens.
The e-Residency program allows non-Estonians to access Estonian eServices and establish companies online.
Estonia aims to become a 'big nation' by 2025, expanding its e-Residency program to include 10 million virtual residents.
Strong political will and modern legislation are essential for implementing a digital government like Estonia's.
Estonia's digital transformation is a model for other countries seeking to reduce bureaucracy and improve citizen services.
Transcripts
have you ever imagined a country without
queues have you ever imagined the
situation when you have a newborn and
you want to give her a name and you
would not have to take her to the
government office especially when the
weather is like this have you ever
imagined the situation that you would
not have to carry loads of papers from
one office to another in order to prove
that you are you this is actually
possible today I'm going to tell you
about Estonia and the Estonia and how we
have managed to do that in Estonia we
have a vast amount of eServices pretty
much you can do almost everything online
you can establish a company within 18
minutes online without leaving a home
you can file your taxes in a bus with
the help of your mobile phone because
everything is prefilled and the only
thing you have to do is push the next
button it takes you five minutes if
you're slow you can see your medical
record online and you can choose the
hospital and you can choose the doctor
to show your medical record too and you
can use Ypres scription in order to buy
your medicine from whatever pharmacy you
choose from I'm going to tell you what
it takes in order to build a proper
government and what are the steps we
have taken and where we are heading this
fancy man there this is our former
president mr. Leonard Murray
he was the proud owner one of the first
mobile phones in Estonia when he got a
new one he got this one if you remember
back in the days that if we wanted to
have a custom ring
don't you had to put in letters and
numbers in order to have this fancy
ringing tone whatever you wanted so he
had this phone and he talked to his
office that hey guys I would like to
have Estonian anthem as my ringtone so
make it happen you can imagine the faces
of the guys of his office
come on what we gonna do No so they
started to type in the numbers and
letters it took them whole night in
order to make it happen but early in the
morning when mr. merry had a meeting
somehow it cut the call it was ringing
Estonian anthem he was picking it up
hello
I can hear you so during the time and it
has been always like this we have been
looking toward Finland as a proper
country they had like everything in a
place and we started to build our own
new Estonia in early 90s
we were looking towards Finland again
they had higher income they had low
corruption they had proper government
structure in place and can you imagine
they had Nokia so Leonard Mary told that
we as Estonians should look for Estonian
Nokia so wise men gathered and the
government office and started to think
what should we do
so we were in a situation that we are a
small nation and we were starting to
build up our governmental services and
what people expect from a regular
government but it was pretty obvious
that in order to have a proper service
level from government point of view then
you would have to pretty much higher all
Estonians because we are only 1.3
million so decision was made that we
should optimize it as much as possible
because it might save some costs and
otherwise we are not able to provide the
services anyway so we started to look
for Estonian Nokia and our plan was to
build a government actually we didn't
have
Plan B so I'm taking you a bit back of
time Estonia is a small country nation
in northeast of Europe and somehow this
is a really popular piece of land we
have been invaded so many times by so
many nations that you lost account
Swedes have been there Danes have been
there sweetest as we just I don't you
yeah
Germans Russians poles okay so bunch of
people so now imagine yourself put
yourself in the shoes of Estonian
peasant like 700 years ago I know this
is tough one but still try you would
like to live your life really peacefully
but you have all the foreigners all the
time in your backyard you can actually
go to your potatoes because there is one
sweet guy in tourism Russian and so on
so it's difficult you know so how would
you live your life how would you survive
think instinct was that in order not to
be killed and have a proper life you
would go as far away as possible from
the others so our villages are built in
dispersed way it means that our villages
our houses in the villages are sometimes
tens of kilometers away from each other
this has been a survival instinct for us
so when we started to build up a
government then we got scared again from
technical point of view when you look to
our he lecture of information systems
then there are like two bigger options
you are the centralized or information
into one server or you use it from
different locations you can imagine
which solution we Duke we do distributed
architecture basically what it means
that each ministry is a kingdom in
itself they can manage their own
information system but the citizen is
the data owner and we are exchanging
data between different governmental
institutions so what it has enabled us
it has enabled us
to implement the concept of once-only
so basically what it means is that you
only have to file in your information to
the government institution once and then
the government institution has the
obligation to reuse this information
they cannot ask it this from you so you
can see from this picture that for
example but my picture is pulled from
police importer card my information
about my education is pulled from
education board and my information about
my family doctor and napoleonic of
events in here is built from the Social
Affairs so with the help of this kind of
approach we can always build up services
without asking you what kind of
information government actually needs in
order to provide it because the
government actually has this information
already another thing which we did we
got it from Finn's this is a national ID
card it's a kind of a piece of plastic
but he has a chip in it and with the
help of this chip you can actually log
into any governmental service without
the need to a pre register and you can
give digital signatures with it with the
help of digital signatures you don't
have to go to the government office
physically anymore to take papers there
you can do this from your home you can
sign documents from your home and you
can send them we our services or we are
email or whatever it was really obvious
from the beginning that in order to make
it happen we have to change our
legislation for example we accepted
digital signature law back in 2000
because we knew that that many of the
legislation is dating back like ages and
it doesn't fit to the modern age and now
wonder for the future maybe the law can
be written in code so now where we are
now Estonia is one of the least
corrupted countries in the world we have
99 percent of bank transactions done
online we are
a voting for our Parliament 30% of our
castes were voted over Internet and we
we do everything pretty much online 98%
of taxes are filed in online so what we
have for the future we are living in the
age of artificial intelligence
self-driving cars free internet access
and the government asks you to file in
a4 format applications to get something
done
stamp it put the picture end what's your
name it's ridiculous what we have
figured out in a Sonia that even if you
take this a4 format application and you
put it online and ask people to fill it
in online even this is electronical
stone-age what we are working at the
moment is government 5.0 let's say the
government which has all the information
already about you anyway and we are
reusing it and putting the government
work behind the seeds so instead asking
applications from you in order to get
some kind of a benefit from the
government we are pushing this we have a
long way to go still we have some
services but we have a long way to go
but we are working on this so that the
government could work seamlessly behind
the scenes we are scared again and we
know that there are new hectic times
ahead
you remember what the Estonians do when
they get scared they get distributed so
we have a plan how to become a big
nation because at the moment we have 1.3
million but by 2025 we want to be 10
million it's a car quite burden for 4
ladies I would say
but we have a different approach as
usually we have come up with a concept
of ear esident see this is a
governmental start-up and basically what
we have done is that we are providing
you if you want to access to our in
government and you can use our eServices
with the help of our a residency card if
you want to establish your company you
can do this online if you want to open a
bank account you can do this online if
you want sign documents digitally and
legally binding you can do this with the
help of Ian residency at the moment we
have 10,000 e residents so we have still
way to go but this has not been live for
long and we have already around 400
something companies registered we are
building global Estonian village
you cannot go more distance distributed
as this so for a conclusion I would say
that in order to have a society of
running in your country or a government
in place you have to have strong
political will you have to change your
legislation according to the 21st
century standards because otherwise we
would be using legislation which is
dating back to 1800 something you have
to convince all the parties governments
citizens and everybody that we are in
the same boat and if we account don't go
in the same way then we are not going
anywhere and for a conclusion
if you want to live in a modern-day
society and the country without the
queues you have two options one option
is to become es toner or a resident or
the second option is to vote for those
guys who are actually willing to put
themselves out there in order to make it
happen thank you
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