Species Extinction and Adaptation | Extinct Animals | Grade 9 Science Quarter 1 Week 6
Summary
TLDRThis educational video lesson focuses on species extinction and adaptation, particularly in the context of grade 9 science. It defines biodiversity and population, illustrating their concepts with examples like coconut plantations and marine ecosystems. The video discusses threatened species like the Philippine eagle and extinct species such as the Philippine rhinoceros. It delves into natural causes of extinction, including climate change, sea level changes, and cosmic radiation, as well as human-induced factors like habitat destruction and pollution. The lesson aims to connect species extinction with the inability of populations to adapt to environmental changes, emphasizing the importance of a balanced ecosystem for survival.
Takeaways
- 🌿 **Biodiversity Defined**: Biodiversity refers to the variety of life in an area, including plants, bacteria, animals, and humans.
- 🌳 **Population in Biodiversity**: A population is a group of organisms of the same species living in a certain place.
- 🐠 **Diversity Comparison**: Tuba Taharif, a marine ecosystem, is more diverse than a coconut plantation due to a higher variety of species and populations.
- 🦅 **Threatened Species**: Species with rapidly declining populations, like the Philippine eagle, are considered endangered.
- 🦏 **Extinct Animals**: The Philippine rhinoceros and Stagoden are examples of extinct species, where no members of the species remain.
- 🌡️ **Natural Causes of Extinction**: Climate change, changes in sea levels or currents, and cosmic events like asteroids and radiation can lead to extinction.
- 🌧️ **Acid Rain**: It increases soil acidity, affecting plant life and potentially making water bodies lethal for aquatic life.
- 🦠 **Disease Epidemics**: Changing climates and environments can make species more susceptible to diseases, leading to extinction.
- 🐍 **Invasive Species**: They compete with native species for resources, often leading to the decline or extinction of native species.
- 🏙️ **Human Causes of Extinction**: Increased human population, habitat destruction, pollution, and climate change are significant human-induced causes of species extinction.
- 🌱 **Balanced Ecosystems**: Organisms depend on balanced ecosystems where living and non-living elements interact harmoniously; disruptions can lead to species extinction.
Q & A
What does biodiversity refer to?
-Biodiversity refers to the variety of life in an area, including every living thing such as plants, bacteria, animals, and humans.
How is a population defined in the context of biodiversity?
-In biodiversity, a population is a group of organisms of the same species living in a certain place.
What is the difference between the biodiversity levels in a coconut plantation and Tuba Tahari?
-Tuba Tahari, being a marine ecosystem, has a higher level of diversity with different kinds of aquatic species compared to a coconut plantation, which is dominated by coconut trees and has fewer groups of organisms.
What are threatened species?
-Threatened species are those whose populations decline so fast that they become endangered, such as the Philippine eagle or the Tamaraw.
What does it mean for a species to be considered extinct?
-A species is considered extinct when the last member of that species dies.
What are some examples of extinct animals in the Philippines mentioned in the script?
-Some examples of extinct animals in the Philippines mentioned are the Philippine rhinoceros and the Cebu tamara.
What are the natural causes of extinction according to the script?
-Natural causes of extinction include climatic heating and cooling, changes in sea levels or currents, asteroids, cosmic radiation, and acid rain.
How does acid rain affect biodiversity?
-Acid rain increases the acidity of the soil, affecting plant life, and can disturb rivers and lakes to a possibly lethal level, impacting aquatic species.
What are the human causes of extinction mentioned in the script?
-Human causes of extinction include increased human population, destruction and fragmentation of habitat, pollution such as water and air pollution, climate change or global warming, and habitat degradation.
Why is climate change considered a threat to species?
-Climate change is a threat because it can lead to climates not found at present, making it difficult for species to adapt, and potentially leading to their extinction.
What is the importance of a balanced ecosystem for species survival?
-A balanced ecosystem is crucial for species survival as it ensures that all living and non-living things interact harmoniously. Any disturbance can affect other parts of the ecosystem, impacting the survival of species.
Outlines
🌿 Introduction to Biodiversity and Species Extinction
This segment introduces the topic of species extinction and adaptation in the context of grade 9 science. The video aims to help students understand the relationship between species extinction and the inability of populations to adapt to environmental changes. Key terms are defined, including biodiversity, which encompasses the variety of life in an area, and population, which refers to a group of organisms of the same species living together. The instructor uses images of a coconut plantation and a marine ecosystem to illustrate differences in biodiversity and population density. Threatened species, such as the Philippine eagle, are discussed, highlighting the rapid decline in their populations that leads to endangerment. The segment also touches on extinct species, providing examples of animals that have died out completely, and emphasizes the importance of recognizing and understanding these ecological concepts.
🌍 Causes of Extinction: Natural and Human-Induced Factors
This section delves into the causes of species extinction, both natural and human-induced. Natural causes include climate change, which affects species' ability to adapt to new temperatures and weather conditions, and changes in sea levels or ocean currents, which can alter habitats and food sources. The segment also discusses the impact of volcanic activity, asteroids, cosmic radiation, and acid rain on species survival. Human-induced causes are highlighted, with a focus on increased human population, habitat destruction and fragmentation, pollution, and climate change. The video emphasizes the significant impact of these factors on biodiversity, particularly noting the high percentage of threatened birds, mammals, and amphibians affected by habitat loss and degradation. The importance of a balanced ecosystem for the survival of all species is also underscored.
🌡️ Climate Change and Its Impact on Ecosystems
The final segment focuses on the effects of climate change and global warming on ecosystems. It cites research by John W. Williams, which suggests that by the end of the 21st century, significant portions of the Earth's surface may experience climates that are unrecognizable from today's, leading to the potential disappearance of species. The video stresses the need for a balanced ecosystem where all living and non-living components interact harmoniously. Disruptions to any part of the ecosystem can have cascading effects on other parts, highlighting the interconnectedness of ecological systems. The instructor concludes the lesson by encouraging viewers to like, share, and subscribe, and thanks them for watching.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Biodiversity
💡Population
💡Species Extinction
💡Adaptation
💡Threatened Species
💡Climatic Heating and Cooling
💡Acid Rain
💡Disease Epidemic
💡Invasive Species
💡Human Causes of Extinction
Highlights
Introduction to the topic of species extinction and adaptation in grade 9 science.
Definition of biodiversity as the variety of life in an area, including plants, bacteria, animals, and humans.
Explanation of population in biodiversity as a group of organisms of the same species living in a certain place.
Comparison of biodiversity levels between a coconut plantation and a marine ecosystem, with the latter being more diverse.
Discussion on threatened species and the rapid decline in their population, such as the Philippine eagle.
Identification of endangered species like the tamarao and tarsier in the Philippines due to low population numbers.
Introduction to extinct animals, including the Philippine rhinoceros and the concept that extinction occurs when the last member of a species dies.
Listing of extinct animals in the Philippines and the time periods in which they became extinct.
Natural causes of extinction, such as climatic heating and cooling, and their impact on species survival.
The role of changes in sea levels and currents in species extinction, affecting marine life and coastal habitats.
Impact of asteroids and cosmic radiation on Earth, potentially causing extinction through extreme force and gene mutations.
Acid rain's contribution to extinction by increasing soil acidity and disturbing aquatic ecosystems.
Disease epidemics as a cause of extinction, with species becoming more susceptible to diseases due to environmental changes.
The threat of invasive species to native species, leading to competition for resources and potential extinction of the native species.
Human causes of extinction, including increased human population, habitat destruction, pollution, and climate change.
The importance of a balanced ecosystem for the survival of all organisms and the consequences of habitat degradation.
Conclusion of the lesson with a call to action for viewers to like, share, and subscribe for more educational content.
Transcripts
[Music]
hi students welcome to my strong techie
youtube channel another video lesson
about grade 9 science
so please keep on watching
for today's video i am going to discuss
to you
quarter one week six species extinction
and adaptation
in this video lesson you are expected to
relate species extinction to the failure
of populations of organisms to adapt
to abrupt changes in the environment so
without further ado
let's get started first let us have some
definition of terms
let us define what is biodiversity
biodiversity refers to the variety of
life in an area
it refers to every living thing
including plants
bacteria animals and humans earth's
biodiversity is so rich
that many species have yet to be
discovered
[Music]
next what is population
in biodiversity it is a group of
organisms of the same species
living in a certain place
now what can you say about these two
pictures
the first picture is a coconut
plantation and the second picture
is the tuba tahari which
pictures show high level of diversity
that's right tuba taharif with different
kinds of aquatic species
are more diverse than coconut plantation
how about the population as you can see
in the pictures
shown tuba taharif or marine ecosystem
has different groups of organisms of the
same species
than a coconut plantation with lesser
group of organisms
being dominated by coconut trees in
short
tuba taharif has more population than
coconut
plantation next
let us have threatened species these are
species
wherein their population declines so
fast that it becomes
endangered one example is our philippine
eagle
or the monkey eating eagle
take a look of these pictures
the first picture is tamara from mindoro
and car shears that are usually seen
in bohol philippines when a species
populations become
so low that only a few remain
the species is considered endangered
just like the tamarao and torsion in the
philippines
[Music]
do you know these kinds of animals the
first one
is the philippine rhinoceros the second
one
is what we call stagoden these animals
are considered
extinct extinction occurs
when the last member of species dies
here are some of the extinct animals in
the philippines
take note of the following so you can
answer your yearning task
the first one is the asian elephant in
the period
of holocene
[Music]
next we have fossil miriam's
in the period of playstation
cebu tamara in the period of pleistocene
or hollison
[Music]
in the period of pleistocene
[Music]
in the period of holocene
[Music]
in the period of mayasen
[Music]
philippine rhinoceros in the period of
pleistocene
[Music]
tiger in the period of hollison
[Music]
the question is why does extinction
occur here are some
of the natural causes the first one
is the climatic heating and cooling
climate change is caused by a number of
things
the effect that climate has on
extinction is very deep
the biodiverse earth can keep up with
the rapid changes in temperature
and climate the species are not used to
severe weather conditions
and long sessions are a changing
chemical makeup of their surroundings
as more species die it is only making it
more difficult for the survivors
to find food the warmer climates we are
used to present day
are perfect for diseases and epidemics
to thrive
next changes in sea levels or
currents the changes in sea levels and
currents
is a result in part of the melting fresh
water
the denser saltier water sinks and forms
the currents that marine life depends on
ocean floors spreading and rising also
affects
sea level a small rise in the ocean
floor can displace
a lot of water onto land that is already
occupied
the gases from the volcanic activity can
also be absorbed by the water
thus changing the chemical composition
making it unsuitable for some life
next asteroids
cosmic radiation asteroids
heat the earth with extreme force
the reverberations can be felt around
the world
the intoxide is completely destroyed
cosmic radiation is radiation being
emitted from
outer space and the sun it is
hypothesized
that being exposed to too much cosmic
radiation
can mutate genes which can potentially
weaken
a species gene pool in the future since
the radiation comes from space and the
sun
it is extremely difficult to avoid
radiation
a supernova remnant is one source of
cosmic
radiation
next acid rain
[Music]
acid drain forms when sulfur dioxide and
or nitrogen oxides are put
into the atmosphere the chemicals get
absorbed by water droplets
in the clouds and eventually fall to the
earth as
acid precipitation acid rain increases
the acidity
of the soil which affects the plant life
it can also disturb rivers and lakes to
a possibly
lethal level
[Music]
next disease epidemic
each species has defense mechanisms
like immunities and ability to fight
disease
with the changing climate and blunt
escape
certain species are losing their ability
to fend off disease they are becoming
more susceptible to disease
and epidemics which can lead to their
eventual extinction
[Music]
next spread
of invasive species invasive species
invade foreign territory they use
resources
that the other species depend on once
competition gets too great
the survival of the fetus plan will
begin
and one of the species usually the
natural one
will die off
human causes of extinction
these are the top human causes of
extinction
increased human population
destruction fragmentation of habitat
pollution such as water and air
pollution
climate change or global warming
habitat degradation habitat loss and
degradation
affect 85 percent of all threatened
birds
86 percent mammals and 88
of threatened amphibians
[Music]
climate change and global warming
according to john w
williams research their findings
indicated that
by the end of the 21st century large
portions of the earth's surface
may experience climates not found at
present
and some 21st century may disappear
in any ecosystem organisms
need a balanced environment a balanced
ecosystem
is one in which all living and
non-living things are interacting
harmoniously
if any part of the ecosystem is
disturbed
other parts will also be affected
[Music]
so that is all for our lesson for today
i hope you learned something new in this
video
do not forget to like share and
subscribe
thank you for watching bye
[Music]
do
[Music]
do
[Music]
do
[Music]
you
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