🥇 MÚSCULOS DEL BRAZO. (Anteriores y Posteriores). Fácil, Rápido y Sencillo
Summary
TLDREn este video educativo, el presentador profundiza en los músculos del brazo, siguiendo su serie sobre la anatomía de los miembros superiores. Se discuten los músculos anteriores, incluyendo el bíceps brachial, coracobraquial y braquial anterior, y los posteriores, con énfasis en el tríceps brachial. Destaca la importancia de aprender el origen, inserción, innervación y función de cada músculo, y se ilustra cómo estos músculos cumplen roles cruciales en la flexión y extensión del antebrazo, con detalles sobre su localización y su relevancia en la anatomía humana.
Takeaways
- 😀 Hoy se continúa el estudio de los músculos del miembro superior, específicamente los músculos del brazo.
- 🏋️♂️ Los músculos del brazo se dividen en dos regiones: anterior y posterior.
- 💪 En la región anterior se encuentran tres músculos principales: bíceps braquial, coracobraxial y braquial anterior.
- 🤚 El bíceps braquial está compuesto de dos partes: cabeza corta y cabeza larga, con diferentes puntos de origen y inserción.
- 🔍 La cabeza corta del bíceps se origina en el procesamiento coracoide del escafoides, mientras que la cabeza larga se origina en el tubérculo supraglenoideo del escafoides.
- 🤲 La función principal del bíceps braquial es la flexión y supinación del antebrazo, no la del brazo.
- 🏃♂️ El coracobraxial se origina junto con la cabeza corta del bíceps y se inserta en el diafisis humeral, funcionando principalmente en la flexión del brazo.
- 🤳 El braquial anterior se origina en el diafisis humeral y se inserta en el proceso coronoide del ulna, siendo esencial para la flexión del antebrazo.
- 🔄 El tríceps braquial es el único músculo en la región posterior del brazo, compuesto de tres cabezas: cabeza larga, vasto lateral y vasto medial.
- 🤞 La función principal del tríceps braquial es la extensión del antebrazo, siendo antagonista a los músculos anteriores.
- 🧠 Todos los músculos del antebrazo y del brazo, tanto anteriores como posteriores, están innervados por nervios específicos: el nervio musculocutáneo para los anteriores y el nervio radial para los posteriores.
Q & A
¿Cuál es el propósito del video de anatomía que se describe en el guion?
-El propósito del video es continuar la serie sobre los músculos del miembro superior, específicamente los músculos de la región del brazo.
¿Qué músculos se discuten en el video sobre la región delantero del brazo?
-Se discuten tres músculos: el bíceps brachii, el coracobrachialis y el brachialis anterior.
¿Cuál es la función principal del bíceps brachii?
-La función principal del bíceps brachii es la flexión y supinación del antebrazo.
¿Qué es la diferencia entre el origen y la inserción de un músculo?
-El origen es la parte del músculo que se mantiene fija y no se mueve, mientras que la inserción es la parte que se mueve y realiza la acción cuando el músculo se contrae.
¿Qué parte del bíceps brachii se encuentra en el hombro y qué parte en el antebrazo?
-El origen del bíceps brachii se encuentra en el hombro y su inserción en el antebrazo.
¿Qué músculo es el único que se encuentra en la región posterior del brazo?
-El único músculo en la región posterior del brazo es el tríceps brachii.
¿Cuántas cabezas tiene el tríceps brachii y cuál es su función principal?
-El tríceps brachii tiene tres cabezas y su función principal es la extensión del antebrazo.
¿Qué nervio innerva a los músculos delanterores del brazo?
-Los músculos delanterores del brazo son innervados por el nervio musculocutáneo.
¿Qué es lo que el coracobrachialis hace si se contrae y cuál es su inserción?
-Si el coracobrachialis se contrae, mueve el brazo hacia adelante y su inserción es en el diafisis humeral.
¿Cuál es la función del brachialis anterior y de dónde se origina?
-El brachialis anterior se origina en el diafisis humeral y su función es la flexión del antebrazo.
¿Qué nervio innerva al tríceps brachii y qué es su función?
-El tríceps brachii es innervado por el nervio radial y su función es la extensión del antebrazo.
Outlines
💪 Introducción a los músculos del brazo
El video comienza con una introducción a los músculos del brazo, continuando desde los videos anteriores que abordaron los músculos de la región del hombro y del pecho. Se enfatiza la importancia de aprender cuatro aspectos principales de cada músculo: origen, inserción, innervación y función. Se menciona que el origen es la parte fija del músculo, mientras que la inserción es la que se mueve y ejerce la acción. Se destaca que el bíceps braquial es uno de los músculos principales de la región anterior del brazo, compuesto de dos partes: la cabeza corta y la cabeza larga, con el origen en el procesamiento coracoide y el tuberculo supraglenoideo del hueso escápula, respectivamente. La función principal del bíceps es la flexión y supinación del antebrazo.
🤚 Músculos profundos y sus funciones
El script procede a describir los músculos profundos del brazo, comenzando con el coracobraquial, que comparte su origen con la cabeza corta del bíceps braquial y se inserta en el diáfisis humeral. La función del coracobraquial es mover el brazo hacia adelante. A continuación, se discute el músculo braquial anterior, que se origina en el diáfisis humeral y se inserta en el proceso coronoide del ulna, con la función principal de flexionar el antebrazo. Se menciona que todos los músculos anteriores del brazo están innervados por el nervio musculocutáneo, que emerge del plexo braquial. Finalmente, se introduce al tríceps braquial, compuesto de tres cabezas: la cabeza larga, la cabeza lateral y la cabeza medial, cada una con su propio origen y función, y que se inserta en el olecranón del ulna. La función principal del tríceps es la extensión del antebrazo.
🤞 Conclusión y recordatorio de suscribirse
El video concluye con un resumen de los músculos del brazo, destacando que el tríceps braquial es el único músculo en la parte posterior del brazo y es antagonista a los músculos anteriores. Se enfatiza que todos los músculos posteriores del brazo y el antebrazo están innervados por el nervio radial. El presentador invita a los espectadores a suscribirse al canal, dar like al video y seguirlo en Instagram para más contenido educativo. Se agradece a la audiencia por su colaboración y se les alienta a seguir aprendiendo sobre anatomía.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Muslos del miembro superior
💡Región del antebrazo
💡Bíceps brachial
💡Coracobraquial
💡Brachial
💡Triceps brachial
💡Orígen y inserción
💡Innervación
💡Función muscular
💡Músculo antagonista
💡Nervio musculocutáneo
💡Nervio radial
Highlights
El video continua con la anatomía de los músculos del miembro superior, específicamente los músculos del brazo.
Se dividen los músculos del brazo en dos regiones: anterior y posterior.
Los músculos anteriores incluyen el bíceps brachial, coracobraquial y brachial anterior.
El bíceps brachial está compuesto de dos partes: cabeza corta y cabeza larga.
La cabeza corta del bíceps proviene del procesamiento coracoide del escafoides, mientras que la cabeza larga proviene del tuberclo supraglenoideo.
El bíceps brachial se inserta en la tuberosidad del radio y a través de la aponeurosis bíceps en el ulna.
La función principal del bíceps es la flexión y supinación del antebrazo.
El coracobraquial se origina junto con la cabeza corta del bíceps y se inserta en el diáfisis humeral.
La función del coracobraquial es la flexión del brazo hacia adelante.
El músculo brachial anterior se origina en el diáfisis humeral y se inserta en el proceso coronoide del ulna.
La función del brachial anterior es la flexión del antebrazo.
Todos los músculos anteriores del brazo son inervados por el nervio musculocutáneo.
El único músculo posterior del brazo es el tríceps brachial, compuesto de tres cabezas.
La cabeza larga del tríceps se origina en el tuberclo infraglenoideo del escafoides.
Las cabezas del tríceps se insertan en el olecranón del ulna.
La función del tríceps es la extensión del antebrazo.
Todos los músculos posteriores del brazo y antebrazo son inervados por el nervio radial.
El tríceps es antagonista a los músculos anteriores del brazo.
Transcripts
very good morning to all my subscribers, welcome to a new anatomical video
and today we are going to continue with the muscles of the upper limb, and in the previous videos
we talked about the muscles of the shoulder region, the pectoral region and today we will talk about of
the muscles of the arm region, which is only one of the four regions of the upper limb,
so before starting the video, I invite you to subscribe to my channel here in the
lower right corner I leave you a link, so that When you click on it you automatically
subscribe to the channel to have more access to my videos and thus grow in the channel, then
basically the muscles that we are going to find in the arm, we are going to divide it into two regions,
muscles that are found in the anterior region that we are going to go on to do the
anterior muscles, which are basically three muscles, we will talk about the biceps brachii, we will talk about the
coracobrachialis muscle and the brachialis anterior muscle, we are going to see that the biceps brachii in turn
is made up of two portions that We will break it down later, the second group of muscles that
we will talk about in the arm are the muscles of the posterior region, which is basically a single muscle,
it is the triceps brachii muscle, when you see the word brachialis in anatomy it refers
to the arm, that is why You are going to see the word brachialis a lot in the arm, it refers to the arm, so
these triceps brachii muscles, which as its name says, are made up of three portions
that we will also break down later, so before starting it is very important
that each muscle, This is very repetitive in all my muscle videos, you should know that
four main things must be learned, first learn the origin, learn the insertion,
which is not the same as origin, learn the innervation, it is important to know what
nervous structure moves me that muscle and also learn what the function is, that is,
what function that muscle is going to exert when it contracts, then something that you always
have doubts about what origin means and what insertion means, is not the same when
We talk about origin, many books, instead of calling it origin, call it fixed insertion,
while when we talk about insertion as such, many books call it mobile insertion.
It is very important to know, I much prefer to call it fixed and mobile initiation because it already
tells you. Once part of the muscle is the one that moves and by understanding which part of the muscle
is the one that moves you will be able to know what the function of that muscle is, I explain the origin
is the part of the muscle that does not move that does not contract or that contracts very little, that is, it is the
part of the muscle where he is going to grab, where he is going to hold on, that base of support,
the base of the muscle, while the insertion or mobile insertion , it is the part of the muscle that
contracts, that retracts and that exerts an action where it is gripping,
for example right now we will talk about the biceps brachii, we are going to see that its origin is here in this at the level
of the shoulder and its insertion is in the forearm, as I am explaining to you that the origin does not move,
this part of the muscle remains fixed, see that what contracts is the part where it is inserted, which
is the forearm, that is why it is the function of the biceps is to move the forearm and is not to move the shoulder,
because the shoulder is the fixed part, at the origin, while the insertion in the mobile part is
that of the forearm, so just with you know what is the origin and the insertion of a muscle
can very possibly infer more or less what the function of that muscle is, so we will start
first with the muscles of the anterior group and the first of them which is the most superficial,
we are going to go from anterior to posterior, this is a anterior view of the right upper limb
, it is the biceps brachii, biceps brachii means two heads, that is what
the biceps refers to, and brachialis because it is the one on the arm, there are other biceps muscles in the body,
such as the biceps femoris That is why it is so important that they give it the surname brachialis, so this
biceps brachii has two heads of origin, a medial head that we are going to call the short head
and a lateral head that we are going to call the long head, now you will say, well but the thing is
I see that the medial head is apparently longer than the lateral head, you will see right now that it is
not, the lateral head is much longer, the short one is the one that really seems longer than the medial head
while the long one is the one that really looks short which is the lateral head, do not get
confused about that, then the origin of the medial head that I return and repeat is the short head,
is from the coracoid process of the scapula, while the origin of the long head that
We are going to see it very well right now, it is through the supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula,
which I called supraspinatus, but it is a transcription error, really the origin is the
supraglenoid tubercle, it is the anatomical name, so this long head goes through everything that is the
bicipital groove, which is trapped between the trochiter and the trochin and by this ligament that is
the transverse ligament of the humerus, then by this entire bag that is the sub acromial bag and that is where
the supraglenoid tubercle arrives, Now we are going to draw it better so that you can see it well,
because that is the long head, then both heads are joined as one and inserted,
see well the insertion tendon, which is not this one above but this one that was below,
in what is the tuberosity of the radius, now through this aponeurosis that is the
bicipital aponeurosis it also inserts into the ulna, but if the tendon itself, the
strong part of the biceps reaches the tuberosity of the radius, now what is going to happen, this is the origin,
this is the part of the biceps that is not going to move, when it contracts basically its
function is going to be where it is inserting which is in the radius of the forearm, so its
function when it contract is going to be bringing the forearm up and that guys is the
flexion movement, but in addition to flexing the forearm, that muscle helps me with supination,
that is why it is said that flexion and supination of the forearm, do not go to To say about the arm,
even though it is a muscle that is in the arm, notice that it never touches the humerus,
that the humerus is the bone of the arm, it itself touches the forearm because its function is going to be in
the forearm , not in the arm, ok, it is also said that this muscle contributes to the flexion of the arm,
but it is not its main function, do not get confused, its main function is the flexion
of the forearm, now take a good look at this image, here There is the long head as it enters
the bicipital slide, it passes through the head of the humerus and you see where its origin really is,
in the supraglenoid tubercle, I repeat what the scapula is, here we section the biceps
brachii, here we see its two heads here you can see the tendon very well, here it becomes deep,
then here we see its two heads; the short and the long and here we see its insertion tendon in the
radial tuberosity, we now go to the two muscles that are in the deep plane in the previous ones,
first we will talk about the coracobrachialis muscle, this coracobrachialis muscle, which the same name
tells you which is the origin and what is the insertion, it is said that the origin of the coracobrachialis muscle
is through a tendon in common with the short head of the biceps brachii, see that the same
tendon for both muscles, now, this coracobrachialis muscle inserts into the humeral diaphysis,
which is why it is called brachialis, now what do you think the coracobrachialis does
if it contracts? basically if he contracts it is not that he is going to move the coracoid process,
because I explained to them that that is the origin, that is the fixed part, its function is going to be to bring the
arm forward, that is why the flexor of the arm, because it is inserted into the arm unlike
the biceps, which as it was inserted into the forearm was a forearm flexor, this
coracobrachialis muscle is very characteristic because it is the only muscle in the arm that is pierced by
a nerve, which is precisely that nerve we will see later that the nerve that innervates it is
the musculocutaneous nerve, now we will finally talk about the brachialis muscle in many
books they only get it with this name, in other books with the name brachialis anterior,
this brachialis muscle originates in the humeral shaft, the anterolateral part just surrounding
the insertion of this, which is the deltoid that we saw in the shoulder muscles, then,
This anterior brachialis that is in the lower part of the humerus and is inserted into what is the
coronoid process of the ulna, its function will basically be to flex the forearm,
because it is being inserted into the forearm, always see that the function It is in the place
where it is being inserted, without exception, all the anterior muscles of the arm, which are three, were
innervated by the musculocutaneous nerve, which is a nerve that emerges from what is the brachial plexus,
now we are going to quickly move on to the only muscle which makes up the back part of my arm,
which is the triceps brachii, this triceps brachii muscle, which is called that because it is
made up of three heads, one that is going to be the long head, which is this one that you see here,
whose origin is going to be the infraglenoid tubercle, I was very wrong to put infraspinatus here,
it is the infra glenoid tubercle of the scapula, so the mnemonic is, the long heads
are from the glenoid tubercles, the long head of the biceps supraglenoid tubercle and the head
long of the triceps infraglenoid tubercle, that is the long head, then we have the vastus lateralis
or vastus lateralis, this vastus lateralis originates at the back of the humeral shaft,
above a groove that is here which is the famous nerve groove radial,
now we will see it very well, these are the two muscles that occupy the superficial plane,
this muscle is arranged in two planes, then we are going to go to the third head of the triceps,
we already have the long head, vastus lateralis, we have what section, here is the long head,
section the vastus lateralis and deeply into a deeper plane is that we will find the vastus
medialis, this vastus medialis also originates in the posterior part of the humeral shaft,
the difference with the vastus lateralis is that this It does it below the groove of the radial nerve,
what you see here is precisely the radial nerve, so the three portions of the triceps, I am talking about the
vastus medialis, vastus lateralis and the long head, come together in this tendon that you see here,
which is the famous triccipital tendon and through that triccipital tendon it inserts into the olecranon
of the ulna, then basically this muscle that the only posterior of the arm is antagonistic
to the anterior ones, if the anterior ones flexed the forearm or the arm, this muscle basically
does what It is to extend my forearm because it is being inserted into the forearm, that is why
it is totally antagonistic, now, so that you can see here well in this later diagram,
it is going to have three heads of origin, see it is in the infraglenoid tubercle, The one you see here is
the radial sulcus, so well, it originates above the vastus lateralis sulcus and the one that originates
below the sulcus is the vastus medialis, so here are the origins of the three
heads of the triceps and this See here in blue it marks the insertion into the olecranon of the ulna,
so all the posterior muscles of the arm and forearm, without exception,
are innervated by the radial nerve, don't forget, then this muscle is innervated
by the radial nerve, So friends, this has been the entire video, do not forget to subscribe
to the little circle that appears here and like it, you can follow me on Instagram at @juan_sanchez1315, I will make
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