Reaprumo de Edifício Inclinado ("Torto") em Santos - Maffei Engenharia

Summary

This video explores the challenges and solutions related to the stabilization of buildings in Santos, particularly those built between 1950 and 1975. It discusses the effects of structural shifts, such as the superimposition of pressures between adjacent buildings leading to increased settling. The process of reinforcing these buildings involves advanced techniques like installing new foundations and applying hydraulic jacks to gradually level the structures. It also highlights the importance of minimizing distortions to preserve the integrity of the buildings and the market value of the apartments. The process involves complex engineering methods aimed at ensuring the stability and safety of the residents.

Takeaways

• 😀 There are around 100 buildings in Santos, constructed between 1950 and 1975, with significant issues regarding their foundation stability.
• 😀 When buildings are close to each other, their structural pressures can overlap, causing greater settlements and inclinations.
• 😀 The first building, Block A, was approved and restored in 2001, with Block B being reaffirmed in recent years.
• 😀 Inclination and settlements in buildings have caused discomfort and considerable devaluation in property prices.
• 😀 Different buildings have different limits for inclinations, which are influenced by the structural characteristics of each one.
• 😀 The buildings are built on interlinked footings with beams over compacted sand, which is about 10 meters thick, above which there are marine sediment layers.
• 😀 Research by Professor Luiza Helena Silva Gonçalves shows that the buildings continue to settle at rates of 0.5 to 1.5 cm per year.
• 😀 To prevent further issues, the buildings need new foundations, particularly for Block B, where 55-meter deep piles were added 10 years ago.
• 😀 The restoration process includes demolition of walls to expose the structure, check for reinforcement needs, and ensure continued operation of utilities.
• 😀 The method involves applying jack systems to lift the buildings incrementally, adjusting each pillar to prevent differential settlements.
• 😀 After adjusting the pillars, the main jacks are replaced with concrete reinforcements, and the structure is completed by adding new foundation anchors for stability.

Q & A

What is the main focus of the script?

The script primarily discusses the engineering challenges and solutions involved in the stabilization and renovation of buildings in the city of Santos, focusing on the structural issues of buildings constructed between 1950 and 1975.

What is the primary cause of the structural problems in the buildings?

The buildings are facing issues due to the overlap of pressures from nearby buildings, causing differential settlements and tilting. The buildings are situated on a foundation that consists of shallow soil, with a layer of marine sediments underneath, which contributes to these problems.

What impact do the tilting buildings have on the residents?

The tilting of the buildings causes discomfort and inconvenience for the residents, including a significant devaluation of property, which affects the market value of the apartments.

How are the buildings being stabilized?

The buildings are being stabilized by reinforcing their foundations. For example, the Bloco B of the building involved the installation of 55-meter-long piles to strengthen the foundation. New transition beams were also planned to transfer the load of the pillars to the new foundations.

What is the role of the 'macacos' in the stabilization process?

The 'macacos' are hydraulic jacks used in the stabilization process. They are placed under the pillars to apply controlled loads, gradually leveling the building by lifting the pillars and compensating for the differential settlement.

Why is it necessary to demolish parts of the building during the stabilization process?

Parts of the building, including the walls, need to be demolished to expose the structure and verify if any reinforcement is needed. Additionally, utility services like water, sewage, and electricity must be disconnected and re-routed to allow the stabilization work to proceed while the building remains inhabited.

What specific problem did the Bloco B building face in its stabilization efforts?

The Bloco B building had issues with differential settlement after the installation of piles. Although new foundations were added, the settlement continued, which led to the need for further stabilization and adjustments to the foundation structure.

What is the function of the 'with soils' that are mentioned in the script?

The 'with soils' are materials placed under the pillars, providing support for the hydraulic jacks. These materials help distribute the load applied by the jacks and assist in lifting and leveling the building's structure.

What happens once the building reaches the desired leveling?

Once the building reaches the desired leveling, the hydraulic jacks (macacos) are removed, and the pillars are reinforced with concrete, which is poured to solidify the new structure and ensure stability.

How long does it take to complete the entire stabilization process?

The stabilization process can take several months. It is done in phases, including demolition, foundation reinforcement, pillar lifting, and the eventual concrete work to ensure the new foundation is solid and the building is stabilized.