𧏠Teknologi Biologi: Masa Depan Dunia!
Summary
TLDRThe script delves into the fascinating realm of biotechnology, highlighting its everyday applications like tempeh made from soybeans using fungi. It explores both conventional and modern biotech, including genetic engineering to create transgenic plants and animals with specific traits. It also touches on the medical benefits, like the accidental discovery of penicillin, and its environmental uses, such as bacteria cleaning oil spills. The script warns of potential downsides, like gene pollution from transgenic corn, emphasizing the need for understanding biotechnology's pros and cons.
Takeaways
- đ± **Biotech in Daily Life**: Biotechnological products like tempeh, made from soybeans fermented by fungi, are part of our daily meals.
- 𧏠**Definition of Biotech**: Biotechnological tools use living organisms to fulfill human needs, particularly in food production.
- đŹ **Conventional Biotech**: Traditional biotechnological processes, like tempeh production, utilize simple tools and principles such as fermentation.
- đ **Modern Biotech**: Modern biotechnology involves advanced techniques like genetic engineering to modify organisms to suit human desires.
- đ„ **Food Applications**: Biotechnological advancements have led to products like cheese made with bacteria that acidify milk and form curds.
- đŸ **Agricultural Impact**: Genetic engineering in agriculture has resulted in transgenic plants, like Bt corn, which contains a toxin lethal to pests but safe for human consumption.
- đ **Transgenic Animals**: Scientists have created transgenic cows that produce milk with special proteins that can be used as an alternative medicine for rare diseases.
- đ **Healthcare Benefits**: Biotechnological discoveries, such as penicillin, have revolutionized healthcare by combating bacterial infections that were once deadly.
- đ **Environmental Applications**: Bioremediation uses bacteria to clean up pollutants, like oil spills in mangrove ecosystems, by breaking down oil molecules into carbon dioxide.
- đ **Forensic Use**: Biotechnological methods are used in forensics to identify criminals through DNA analysis from crime scene evidence, which can be matched with suspects' DNA.
Q & A
What is biotechnology?
-Biotechnology is the use of living organisms or substances derived from these organisms to perform tasks and make products, especially techniques that use bacteria or other microorganisms to carry out specific industrial processes.
How is biofermentation used in everyday life?
-Biofermentation is used in everyday life to produce food products like tempeh, which is made by fermenting soybeans with fungi.
What is the role of biofermentation in the production of tempeh?
-In the production of tempeh, biofermentation involves the use of fungi to break down soybeans, creating a nutritious and protein-rich food.
How does modern biotechnology differ from conventional biotechnology?
-Modern biotechnology uses advanced tools and methods, such as genetic engineering, to modify organisms' traits, whereas conventional biotechnology relies on simpler tools and processes like fermentation.
What is genetic engineering and how is it used in biotechnology?
-Genetic engineering is the scientific process of altering the genetic makeup of an organism by manipulating its genes and DNA. It is used in biotechnology to create organisms with desired traits, such as plants that are resistant to pests.
Can you give an example of a genetically modified organism mentioned in the script?
-An example of a genetically modified organism mentioned is the Bt corn, which contains a gene from the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis, making it resistant to certain pests.
What is the benefit of genetically modified plants in agriculture?
-Genetically modified plants can offer benefits such as resistance to pests, diseases, or environmental conditions, which can lead to increased crop yields and reduced need for pesticides.
How is biotechnology applied in the health sector?
-Biotechnology is applied in the health sector by producing medicines, such as antibiotics, through the use of microorganisms. For example, penicillin was discovered when a mold called Penicillium notatum was found to inhibit the growth of bacteria.
What is bioreme and how does it help the environment?
-Bioreme, short for bioremediation, is the process of using living organisms, such as bacteria, to clean up environmental pollutants. It can be used to break down substances like oil spills, turning them into less harmful substances, thus cleaning the environment.
How can biotechnology be used in forensics?
-Biotechnology can be used in forensics by analyzing DNA from crime scene evidence, such as hair or blood, to match it with a suspect's DNA, potentially leading to the identification and apprehension of criminals.
What are the potential negative impacts of biotechnology mentioned in the script?
-One potential negative impact mentioned is the risk of genetic pollution, where genetically modified organisms can crossbreed with their natural counterparts, potentially creating stronger pests or reducing biodiversity.
Why is it important to regulate the development and use of genetically modified organisms?
-It is important to regulate the development and use of genetically modified organisms to ensure safety, prevent unintended consequences like genetic pollution, and to manage the ethical and environmental concerns associated with their use.
Outlines
đ± Biotech in Daily Life
The paragraph discusses the concept of biotechnology, its origins from the words 'bio' and 'technology', and how it is used to fulfill our needs, particularly in food. It gives the example of tempeh, a product of conventional biotechnology, and explains the process of fermentation. It also touches on modern biotechnology, such as cloning and genetic engineering, and how these technologies are applied in everyday life, including in food products like cheese and transgenic plants and animals. The paragraph highlights the benefits of biotechnology in various sectors, including agriculture and health.
đŹ Biotech Beyond Health
This paragraph delves into the broader applications of biotechnology beyond health, such as environmental benefits and crime-solving. It mentions bioremediation, using bacteria to clean up pollutants like oil spills, and how it can be applied to restore clean water to ecosystems. The paragraph also discusses the potential negative impacts of biotechnology, like the risk of creating stronger pests due to the spread of transgenic corn traits. It emphasizes the importance of understanding biotechnology to harness its benefits and mitigate its drawbacks, and concludes with a reminder of the importance of learning about biotechnology.
Mindmap
Keywords
đĄBioteknologi
đĄFermentasi
đĄKloning
đĄRekayasa Genetika
đĄTransgenik
đĄPestisida
đĄBioreme
đĄDNA
đĄProtein Khusus
đĄPenyakit Langka
đĄGen Polusi
Highlights
Cloning of living beings like those done by the Institute or even super soldiers.
Biotech is a tool that meets our needs, especially food, by utilizing other living beings.
Tempeh, a product of biotech, is made by processing soybeans with fungi.
Biotech comes from the words 'bio' and 'technology', meaning it uses living organisms to meet our needs.
Fermentation is a natural process of energy production to break down compounds, used in conventional biotech.
Modern biotech uses advanced tools and methods, such as genetic engineering.
Genetic engineering involves altering an organism's traits by manipulating its genes and DNA.
Biotech is used in everyday life, such as in the production of martabak and cheese.
Cheese is an example of a biotech product made by acidifying milk with bacteria.
In agriculture, genetic engineering can give plants specific traits, like resistance to pests.
Transgenic plants are created by inserting genes into them using plasmids or viruses.
Transgenic corn has traits that make it resistant to pests but still safe for human consumption.
Scientists have created transgenic cows that produce milk with special proteins that can be used as an alternative medicine.
Biotech has health benefits, such as the discovery of penicillin, which revolutionized the treatment of bacterial infections.
Biotech is also beneficial for the environment, like using bacteria to clean up pollutants.
Bioremediation can be seen in cases like oil spills in mangrove ecosystems, where bacteria can break down oil molecules.
Biotech can be used to catch criminals by matching DNA from crime scenes with suspects.
Despite its benefits, biotech also has downsides, such as the potential for genetic pollution.
The popularity of genetically modified corn could lead to the extinction of natural corn varieties.
There's a risk of creating stronger pests that are resistant to the toxins in genetically modified plants.
The development of transgenic plants and animals is usually limited and goes through extensive testing.
It's important to learn about biotech to take advantage of its benefits and avoid its drawbacks.
Transcripts
apa yang kalian Bayangin pas denger kata
ini
kloning makhluk hidup kayak yang pernah
dilakuin sama Institute ini atau malah
sih tentara super Oke istilah Tadi emang
kedengarannya kayak mainan ribetnya para
ilmuwan di lab padahal bioteknologi ini
sebenarnya bisa kita temuin sehari-hari
atau mungkin baru aja kalian makan tadi
pagi kayak salah satu Produk
bioteknologi ini tempe
Oke tapi apa sih bioteknologi ini
sebenarnya
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bioteknologi berasal dari kata bio dan
teknologi
simpelnya bioteknologi ini adalah alat
yang menyediakan kebutuhan kita terutama
kebutuhan pangan dengan manfaatkan peran
makhluk hidup lain Nah kalau dari kasus
ini makhluk hidup yang membantu kita
mengolah kedelai jadi tempe adalah jamur
proses pembuatan tempe itu tersebut
sebagai bioteknologi konvensional
beberapa karakteristik dalam
bioteknologi jenis ini gunain alat dan
cara yang sederhana dan manfaatkan
prinsip yang namanya
fermentasi gimana maksudnya simpelnya
fermentasi adalah proses penghasilan
energi untuk memecahkan suatu senyawa
yang terjadi secara alami terus gimana
dengan kloning yang dilakuin ke hewan
kayak domba Nah kalau ini disebut
sebagai bioteknologi
modern sesuai namanya bioteknologi jenis
ini manfaatkan alat dan cara yang modern
dengan gunain prinsip yang namanya
adalah rekayasa genetika
rekayasa genetika sendiri artinya sifat
suatu organisme yang diubah dengan cara
memanipulasi gen dan DNA mereka agar
sesuai dengan keinginan manusia saat ini
segala macam bioteknologi bisa kita
rasain manfaatnya sehari-hari ada yang
suka makan martabak satu ini Mungkin nah
keju ini jadi salah satu contoh Produk
bioteknologi di bidang pangan dia dibuat
dengan cara mengasamkan susu dengan
bakteri yang kemudian dikentalin pakai
bubuk Ajaib Ini kalau di sektor
pertanian Contohnya kayak rekayasa
genetik yang dilakuin biar sebuah
tanaman punya sifat tertentu tanaman ini
kita sebut tanaman transgenik Teknik ini
dilakuin dengan cara masukin fragmen di
ne ke sebuah tanaman lewat perantara
berupa plasmid atau virus yang dimasukin
ke sel-sel tanaman meskipun kelihatannya
kayak jagung Pada umumnya jagung ini
punya sifat tahan terhadap hama tapi kok
bisa kayak gitu ini karena jagung tadi
jadi mengandung racun yang bikin hama
hama Mati saat makan jagungnya Tapi
tentu aja jagungnya tetap aman buat
dimakan manusia selain tanaman hewan
ternak juga bisa direkayasa jadi hewan
transgenik contohnya yang dilakuin sama
para ilmuwan di Selandia baru ini nih
mereka berhasil
nyiptain beberapa sapi perah transgenik
yang bisa ngehasilin susu dengan
kandungan protein khusus dan kerennya
susu protein khusus ini ternyata bisa
digunakan sebagai obat alternatif untuk
mengatasi satu penyakit yang cukup
langka ini Oke masih ada lagi
selanjutnya kita bahas manfaat
bioteknologi di bidang kesehatan Coba
ada yang pernah minum obat ini pas lagi
sakit nah obat yang ampuh banget buat
melawan bakteri inilah contoh produk
dari bioteknologi
sebelum si obat ini ditemukan luka gores
kecil aja tuh bisa bikin anggota tubuh
kita di amputasi loh atau bahkan
kematian karena infeksi bakteri dan
uniknya lagi cikal bakal obat ini secara
nggak sengaja ditemuinnya sama ilmuwan
Inggris satu ini Kejadian ini waktu itu
dia lupa nutup salah satu cawan petrisi
bakteri
sebelum dia pergi hiburan pas balik dia
malah nemuin jamur yang tumbuh dan
menghambat perkembangan bakteri yang ada
di cawan petri itu dan singkat cerita
jadilah penisilin sang obat ajaib yang
bisa nyembuhin penyakit infeksi sendi
radang amandel atau infeksi bakteri
lainnya Untung aja waktu itu nggak ada
ngingetin si Pak Flame yang buat balik
ya
Nah selain untuk kesehatan tubuh
bioteknologi juga bermanfaat untuk
lingkungan Contohnya kayak Pemanfaatan
bakteri untuk bersihin polutan kayak
bahan bakar fosil yang disebut
bioreme yaitulah kalian bisa baca karena
teksnya nah salah satu bentuk
bioremediasi ini bisa ditemui dalam
kasus tumpahnya minyak di ekosistem
bakau Kejadian ini bisa bahaya karena
bakalan ngeganggu pertukaran oksigen dan
karbondioksida pada akar bakau untuk
mengatasinya ada satu bakteri yang
datang nyelametin kita bakteri ini bisa
memecahin molekul minyaknya jadi karbon
dioksida biar airnya bersih kembali dan
terakhir bioteknologi ini juga kita
gunain buat menangkap penjahat Eh gimana
nih maksudnya enggak ya enggak lah yang
lagi-lagi bukan tentang bikin tentara
super jadi kita sebenarnya bisa nih
nyari jejak pelaku lewat rambut darah
maupun air liur yang ditinggalin pelaku
di TKP nantinya DNA yang didapat dari
jejak tadi bakal dicocokin dengan DNA si
terduga penjahat kalau cocok jadi deh
alat bukti buat jeblosin dia ke penjara
Oke kita udah bahas segala manfaat dari
si bioteknologi ini tapi jangan salah
karena bioteknologi juga punya dampak
buruknya juga masih inget jagung yang
tahan tamat tadi Nah nggak taunya
kepopuleran jagung jenis ini bisa bikin
jagung-jagung alami jadi makin langka
dan kalau jagung ini ditanam barengan
nih sama jagung biasa dia bisa ngehaslin
anakan yang juga transgenik atau disebut
sebagai polusi gen nah hal ini ternyata
berpotensi
nyiptain hama baru yang jauh lebih kuat
Kenapa gitu soalnya para hama Jadi udah
adaptasi sama racun pada jagung tersebut
dan kalau udah gitu suatu saat bisa aja
manusia nggak akan sanggup ngalahin hama
yang udah overpower tadi Nah ngeri juga
ya ya itulah Kenapa Perkembangbiakan
tanaman atau hewan transgenik serta
Hasil produk umumnya dilakuin secara
terbatas dan melalui uji coba yang
sangat panjang nah itu dia gimana keren
dan seremnya bioteknologi ini Eh tapi
tenang meskipun ada seremnya justru
bioteknologi ini harus kita pelajari
biar kita dapat untungnya dan
ngehindarin dari kerugiannya Oke deh
sampai jumpa di video berikutnya dan
seperti biasa terima kasih
[Musik]
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