50hrs in The Most Nuked Place on Earth Erased from Maps ☢️
Summary
TLDREste documental revela la historia oculta de la zona de pruebas nucleares de Semipalatinsk, en el noreste de Kazajstán, conocida como el lugar más bombardeado nuclearmente del planeta. A través de una expedición al corazón de este páramo, se descubren los restos abandonados de la carrera armamentística de la Unión Soviética, incluyendo bunkers y un lago radiactivo. Los relatos de primera mano de los lugareños, que vivieron las consecuencias de las 456 detonaciones nucleares, ofrecen una perspectiva inédita. A medida que se exploran ciudades secretas y se escuchan historias de quienes trabajaron en el sitio, se plantea una reflexión sobre el legado de destrucción y las lecciones para el futuro.
Takeaways
- 🔍 El lugar más bombardeado del planeta es el sitio de pruebas nucleares de Semipalatinsk, en el noreste de Kazajstán, donde la Unión Soviética detonó 456 bombas nucleares.
- 🤐 La ciudad de Kurchatov, nombrada por el científico soviético líder del proyecto atómico, fue mantenida en secreto y nunca apareció en los mapas.
- 🚫 Las estrategias de secreto y seguridad fueron extremadamente estrictas, involucrando incluso al KGB para proteger la naturaleza de las operaciones.
- 🌆 La ciudad abandonada de Chagan, que alguna vez tuvo una población de 11,000, es ahora un testimonio del abandono y saqueo posterior a la caída de la Unión Soviética.
- 💣 Los criterios para la selección de Semipalatinsk como sitio de pruebas nucleares incluyeron la baja densidad de población y el aislamiento geográfico.
- 🌍 Las potencias nucleares de la época, incluidas la URSS y los EE.UU., acumularon arsenales suficientes para destruir la vida en la Tierra múltiples veces.
- 🛡️ La estructura y seguridad alrededor de los lugares de detonación estaban extremadamente reforzadas para resistir ataques directos.
- 🏞️ El lago Átomo, formado por una detonación nuclear, es un símbolo crudo de la era de las pruebas nucleares y aún hoy se necesita equipo de protección para visitarlo.
- 📢 Los testigos y trabajadores del sitio de pruebas nucleares comparten sus historias por primera vez, subrayando el impacto humano y ambiental de estas pruebas.
- 🕊️ El mensaje final resalta la importancia de la paz y el desarme, inspirado por el ejemplo de Kazajstán que renunció a su arsenal nuclear.
Q & A
¿Cuál es la ubicación del sitio de pruebas nucleares que se muestra en el video?
-El sitio de pruebas nucleares mostrado en el video es el Sitio de Pruebas Semipalatinsk, ubicado en el noreste de Kazajstán. Se menciona que es el lugar más bombardeado con armas nucleares en el planeta, donde los soviéticos detonaron 456 bombas nucleares e hidrogenadas durante la carrera armamentista con Estados Unidos.
¿Qué papel jugó el científico soviético Igor Kurchatov en este proyecto nuclear?
-Igor Kurchatov fue el líder técnico de todo el proyecto nuclear soviético. La ciudad donde se encontraba la instalación de pruebas nucleares lleva su nombre. Fue contraparte de Robert Oppenheimer en el proyecto nuclear estadounidense.
¿Qué medidas de seguridad se tomaron para mantener en secreto este proyecto nuclear?
-La ciudad donde se llevó a cabo el proyecto nunca apareció en los mapas y era completamente secreta. Los reclutas del ejército soviético eran transportados en avión a Moscú y luego llevados al sitio sin saber su ubicación real. La seguridad estaba a cargo de la KGB.
¿Qué tan poderosas eran las bombas nucleares probadas en este sitio?
-Se menciona que el arsenal nuclear acumulado por Estados Unidos y la Unión Soviética tenía el poder de destruir toda la vida en la Tierra más de 600 veces y literalmente partir el planeta en pedazos.
¿Qué efectos tuvo la detonación de una bomba de hidrógeno en el Lago Shagan?
-En 1965, los soviéticos detonaron una bomba de hidrógeno de 140 kilotones (11 veces más potente que la bomba de Hiroshima) en el Lago Shagan. La explosión creó un cráter de 454 metros de ancho y 100 metros de profundidad, y la nube de polvo tardó 50 días en asentarse, formando las colinas actuales alrededor del cráter.
¿Cómo se protegieron los miembros del equipo de filmación al visitar el Lago Shagan?
-Para visitar el Lago Shagan, que aún tiene niveles de radiación, el equipo de filmación tuvo que usar equipo de protección pesado, como trajes y máscaras. También tuvieron que tomar precauciones para no levantar polvo contaminado del suelo.
¿Qué impacto tuvieron las pruebas nucleares en la población local?
-Se menciona que la población local tuvo que soportar las consecuencias de las pruebas nucleares para siempre, sin ser conscientes de lo que estaba ocurriendo en ese momento. Algunos de los entrevistados en el video compartieron sus experiencias de primera mano.
¿Qué mensaje comparte uno de los entrevistados veteranos con las generaciones más jóvenes?
-Uno de los entrevistados veteranos, al hablar con su bisnieto presente, enfatiza la importancia de la paz y desea que todos los países se comporten como Kazajstán, que abandonó todas sus armas nucleares después del colapso de la Unión Soviética.
¿Qué simboliza la medalla que el veterano entrega al equipo de filmación?
-El veterano entrega al equipo de filmación una medalla que conmemora el cierre del sitio de pruebas nucleares, como un regalo y un símbolo de su deseo de difundir un mensaje de paz.
¿Qué reflexión final se plantea en el video sobre el desarrollo de armas nucleares?
-El video plantea una reflexión existencial sobre cómo el miedo a los enemigos llevó a algunas de las mentes más brillantes de la humanidad a crear tanta destrucción en forma de armas nucleares. Cuestiona la justificación de tener la capacidad de destruir la Tierra y la vida varias veces.
Outlines
🌍 El sitio de pruebas nucleares más bombardeado del mundo
Este párrafo introduce la ubicación secreta en Kazajistán donde la Unión Soviética probó y detonó 456 bombas nucleares durante la carrera armamentista con Estados Unidos. Explica que esta área, casi desconocida, fue crucial para el desarrollo del programa nuclear soviético. Menciona que se encuentran evidencias como búnkeres abandonados, un lago radiactivo y testimonios de personas que lo vivieron y que serán entrevistadas por primera vez en cámara durante este viaje.
🏙️ La ciudad secreta detrás del proyecto nuclear soviético
Este párrafo describe la llegada al equipo a la ciudad secreta de Kurchatov, comparable a Los Álamos en Estados Unidos, que fue el centro del proyecto nuclear soviético. Explica el nivel de secretismo que rodeaba a esta ciudad, la cual no aparecía en mapas y a la que nadie podía viajar. Se exploran edificios abandonados del KGB y viviendas militares, muchos de ellos saqueados tras el colapso de la Unión Soviética. Se entrevista a algunos de los últimos residentes que acceden a compartir sus historias.
⚛️ El comando central del programa de bombas nucleares y de hidrógeno
Este párrafo describe la llegada al comando central desde donde se detonaban las bombas nucleares y de hidrógeno soviéticas. Explica los estrictos criterios para seleccionar esta ubicación remota y despoblada, y da detalles sobre la potencia destructiva de las bombas probadas allí, suficientes para acabar con toda vida en la Tierra más de 600 veces. Se explora un búnker y laboratorio subterráneos utilizados para las pruebas.
☢️ Visitando el cráter del lago radiactivo formado por una bomba de hidrógeno
En este párrafo, el equipo visita el lago Shagan, un cráter formado por la detonación de una bomba de hidrógeno soviética 11 veces más potente que la de Hiroshima. Describen las precauciones de seguridad necesarias para acercarse al lago radiactivo y caminan sobre el suelo y las colinas formadas por el desplazamiento de tierra de la explosión nuclear. Reflexionan sobre la escala de destrucción causada y por qué se llegó a tales niveles de armamento.
🕊️ Reflexiones sobre las armas nucleares y un mensaje de paz
Este párrafo captura las reflexiones del equipo y las personas entrevistadas sobre la escalada de armamento nuclear y la amenaza de una nueva Guerra Fría. Un científico local comparte su perspectiva y un anciano les regala una medalla de cierre del sitio de pruebas, enviando un mensaje de paz a las generaciones futuras para que no repitan tales niveles de destrucción.
🌍 Un mensaje final de esperanza por un mundo sin armas nucleares
En el párrafo final, el científico local destaca que Kazajistán abandonó por completo su arsenal nuclear, siendo el cuarto más grande del mundo, como un ejemplo a seguir. Comparte su deseo de que todos los países hagan lo mismo para lograr la paz mundial. El equipo promete proteger y difundir el mensaje de paz del anciano y su medalla.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Carrera armamentista
💡Pruebas nucleares
💡Lago radiactivo
💡Secreto militar
💡KGB
💡Ciudad secreta
💡Desmantelamiento nuclear
💡Testimonios
💡Consecuencias ambientales
💡Era post-soviética
Highlights
This seemingly uninteresting patch of land with its few surrounding Villages, is one of the most important places on Earth but almost no one has ever heard of it kept completely secret, erased from any maps for decades.
This area we're heading straight into right now is where the Soviets during the arms race with America invented, tested and detonated 456 of their nuclear and Hy Ren bombs, the unaware locals of the region having later to Bear its consequences forever.
Equivalent to the Los Alamos of the United States what the Soviet open Heimer would create here would change the course of history as we know it.
We'll be heading to this desolate Wasteland called a semi palatin test site located in the northeast of Kazakhstan the most nuked place on the planet with the scientist and expert, yand the only person allowed to legally take people to this site.
This settlement was established in 1947, it was never shown in m, it was Kept Secret it was not possible to buy train tickets for it local guys being recruited to Soviet Army first were transported by airplane to Moscow, and landed there and then transported back here and many of them truly served that there somewhere near Moscow wow, this was top top secret.
The KGB was at the epicenter of the Soviet Union serving both for domestic security and foreign intelligence as a highly secretive organization they were notorious for their surveillance tactics, used for censorship and a repression of political opposition amongst many other purposes they were in charge of the secrecy of this nuclear project and this was their headquarters.
Besides the nuclear project this area was also hiding a highly strategic and crucial long range bomber base as well as a city that housed all of his soldiers and families now reminiscent of Chernobyl.
After weeks of preliminary work, from urand we found four people who agreed to share their stories including one woman who is the last to live in this abandoned military town she please, and most who have never shared their stories ever before as we make our way towards the exact places 456 bombs were detonated would first hear four people's shocking stories who saw them in the sky.
So he basically disconnected the last the last Warhead that was, for MH so there was just a a bomb here, after the Soviet Union broke down yes it stays there for four years, more.
I don't think I've ever been a part of telling a story of such amplitude, that has never really been told before, like Chernobyl people had told that story before but here people are speaking speaking to us for the very first time.
Criterias were quite strict to choose the land first criteria was as slow as possible d dity of population, here it is less than 1 person per thousand square kilm in 1953 first hydrogen bomb in the world was blasted, between four 4 and 500 kilotons 6 months earlier USA already tested hydrogen technology but it was not a real bomb it was just a hydrogen device.
All accumulated arsenals of USA and USSR were able to kill everything, all life in the earth more than 600 times and literally crack the planet into pieces then we could do what, destroy destroy all life in the planet six more than 600 times and crack the planet literally, 600 rigging times to destroy the Earth.
If if if someone decides to press a button human civilization is pretty much now headed to the command center, where they detonated the bomb so it's it's a bunker that is about 12 km, Sou, wow they used some thick steel here so, well enforced so it was designed to Bear direct Atomic bombing you see the walls are about 2 m thick and as well as ceiling.
Lake shagan which we will need protective gear for on January 15 1965, the Soviet Union tested hydrogen bomb 11 times the strength of the bomb dropped on Hiroshima by the United States military in 1945 the 140 kilon device was buried nearly 180 m in the ground and upon detonation the blast created a crater of 454 M wide and 100 m deep throwing soil nearly 1 and2 km up in the air the blast was so large that it took the dust nearly 50 days to settle forming the current Hills that now surround the crater shortly after the test a nearby River was diverted to fill the crater, and turn it into what locals Now call the atomic Lake.
Kazakstan abandoned all of its nuclear weapons also it had fourth biggest nuclear Arsenal in the world wow I wish all countries behave the same, way it's his, no what present present wow gift thank, you wow we, will you can tell him that we will protect it and spread peace as far as possible with his messages.
Transcripts
[Music]
this seemingly uninteresting patch of
land with its few surrounding Villages
is one of the most important places on
Earth but almost no
one has ever heard of it kept completely
secret erased from any maps for decades
this area we're heading straight into
right now is where the Soviets during
the arms race with America invented
tested and detonated
456 of their nuclear and Hy Ren bombs
the unaware locals of the region having
later to Bear its consequences forever
equivalent to the Los Alamos of the
United States what the Soviet open
Heimer would create here would change
the course of history as we know it
today and there is evidence Left Behind
of the work that was done abandoned
bunkers a radioactive Lake but most
importantly firsthand stories from the
people who lived through it who have
never spoken to anyone on camera before
until
now we'll be heading to this desolate
Wasteland called a semi palatin test
site located in the northeast of
Kazakhstan the most nuked place on the
planet with the scientist and expert
yand the only person allowed to legally
take people to this site I don't think
that any of us going into this trip
however had fully grasped the importance
of where we were heading
[Laughter]
[Music]
to
how are you the best Smiles
ever it's a video
ah yeah their energy is amazing their
smiles very beautiful You Give Good
Hugs looks like how Chernobyl started
everyone was very jolly until we got
there and you are a scientist I am going
to the entally both tour guide and also
I have education in this field I studied
in The Institute that was uh related to
Soviet Atomic industry but the in
Institute itself was established as a
part of Soviet Atomic
project to start our Expedition and
before our more intense exploration of
the radioactive Lake we set course what
was likely the most secretive town in
the USSR the Los Alamos of the Soviet
Union strangely enough even though Los
alos was completely dismantled most of
this town Still
Remains what's the name of this town
that we're in right now the city is
named after prominent Soviet scientist
Eiger kurchatov who was technical leader
of whole Soviet Atomic
[Music]
project how would he compare to
Oppenheimer on he was a counterpart or
peer to Robert Oppenheimer before the
war he had quite different interest he
was engaged mainly in electricity
research in physics he always dreamed
about getting electricity and all kinds
of energy releasing other kinds of
energy his great big true passion was to
using nuclear energy peacefully he was
engaged in nuclear research only due to
the world global
politics this settlement was established
in 1947 it was never shown in m
it was Kept Secret it was not possible
to buy train tickets for it local guys
being recruited to Soviet Army first
were transported by airplane to Moscow
and landed there and then transported
back here and many of them truly served
that there somewhere near Moscow wow
this was top top secret
yeah so we're going to step into an
abandoned KGB building one of the most
secretive cities of the Cold
War the KGB was at the epicenter of the
Soviet Union serving both for domestic
security and foreign intelligence as a
highly secretive organization they were
notorious for their surveillance tactics
used for censorship and a repression of
political opposition amongst many other
purposes they were in charge of the
secrecy of this nuclear project and this
was their
headquarters
all of these abandoned Soviet buildings
were looted everything was stripped for
Metals Parts whatever was left behind
when the Soviet Army left and people
took advantage of that so this is what's
left whole floor is falling apart You'
say that this city was comparable to Los
Alamos I I mean this town yes but
secrecy was much stricter here much
stronger and also much uh more
effective it's uh strange to think about
how powerful the Soviet Union once was
and to now be standing in its literal
ruins of especially the KGB building was
like the most powerful secretive wing of
it we are driving into the place that
was dedicated to where the Soviet
soldiers lived at the time the whole
place was deserted as you can imagine in
an area with such a strategic importance
there was a lot of military
infrastructure surrounding it they said
like oh this town's abandoned but this
is like a mini City this is massive way
bigger than I expected was town of
chagan in its best time population was
11,000 people and after us collapsed in
1994 we withdrew so it was a secret city
as well
yeah
[Music]
besides the nuclear project this area
was also hiding a highly strategic and
crucial long range bomber base as well
as a city that housed all of his
soldiers and families now reminiscent of
Chernobyl what
the
wow they stole anything and everything I
mean the floors cuz they they're the
most enforced with steel that's why they
took the floors literally everything is
gone it is really strange to be like
we've been to a lot of abandoned
buildings but they usually just left you
know they're not looted for the steel in
the concrete MH it almost resembles this
complete imbalance of using resources
and and time and material to put in
something that eventually meant nothing
and ultimately people's own people
wanted to Fe to feed their kids and do
better economically especially at a time
where communism fell as the Soviet Union
fell everybody must have been in just
like the state of like wanting to just
collect any resources that can help
Elevate their them and their families
out of the state that that they were
[Music]
in
although the soldiers of this unmarked
Town left some of the locals who lived
here and others who worked directly at
the nuclear test site at the time still
remain given the secrecy they lived in
for so long many refused to talk to us
however after weeks of preliminary work
from urand we found four people who
agreed to share their stories including
one woman who is the last to live in
this abandoned military town she please
and most who have never shared their
stories ever before as we make our way
towards the exact places 456 bombs were
detonated would first hear four people's
shocking stories who saw them in the
[Music]
sky what year did you move
[Music]
here6
[Music]
nor
for you look
younger and was he aware of the world
politics that drove all this
activity
for
uhh
[Music]
uhhuh so he basically disconnected the
last the last Warhead that
was
for MH so there was just a a bomb here
after the Soviet Union broke down yes it
stays there for four years
more I don't think I've ever been a part
of telling a story of such amplitude
that has never really been told before
like Chernobyl people had told that
story before but here people are
speaking speaking to us for the very
first time
[Music]
yeah we arrived what we're staying
tonight where has he taken us welcome in
USSR first Soviet building still
interior is preserved as Soviet
interior is it more people staying here
nobody except it is uh not commercial at
all it is Corporate
Hotel
[Music]
what
guys please get your passports passports
she'll be she'll return in the morning
okay
okay time to check in our
rooms right here
[Music]
damn why am I
scared oh wow I have two beds in here
then I guess we're sleeping in here
because I don't dare to sleep
alone hello my friends being able to
make videos and short documentaries like
the one that you're currently watching
is literally everything that I want out
of life right now so I feel very
grateful that you are here watching and
hopefully enjoying and learning Lots but
they also would not be possible without
sponsors and in today's video that is
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the rest of our
story it was now time to drive into the
Frozen desert to explore the semi
palatin nuclear test site on this vast
plane of dust was where more nuclear
tests were conducted than any other
place on Earth the most nuked place on
the
[Music]
planet criterias were quite strict to
choose the land first criteria was as
slow as possible d dity of population
here it is less than 1 person per
thousand square kilm in 1953 first
hydrogen bomb in the world was blasted
between four 4 and 500
kilotons 6 months earlier USA already
tested hydrogen technology but it was
not a real bomb it was just a hydrogen
device all accumulated arsenals of USA
and USSR were able to kill everything
all life in the earth more than 600
times and literally crack the planet
into pieces then we could do what
destroy destroy all life in the planet
six more than 600 times and crack the
planet literally
600 rigging times to destroy the Earth
yeah that makes me so so sad yeah I can
feel it in the whole group what point do
you stop at what point do you go we have
enough you know like I mean is there any
justification for having any ability to
destroy the Earth once you know he said
we have enough to crack the
Earth in half that's how many bombs we
have and and that's in the power that's
in the hands of people that seem more
and more erratic sometimes I'm not sure
if the people who hold the the launch
but for those like fully comprehend
their own you know their own consequence
right well if if if someone decides to
press a button human civilization is
pretty
much now headed to the command center
where they detonated the bomb so it's
it's a bunker that is about 12 km
Sou
wow they used some thick steel here so
well enforced so it was designed to Bear
direct Atomic bombing you see the walls
are about 2 m thick and as well as
ceiling so even the locals around here
didn't know that this was happening here
nobody knew no
who
so this is the entrance to an
underground laboratory 86 M down you see
the hall it is a door entrance and the
cabin of the elevator a guy descended
there by rope he says the equipment is
still there just flooded by ground
[Music]
Waters
[Music]
you're is this where they detonated the
bomb
from but you had to lay down because
because of shock wave can smash you oh
what are you feeling right now it's just
so sad that we've spent all these
resources and human power into just
such and we still do it simple nuclear
test site is the only place in the world
where you can walk literally on nuclear
test side in all other places you would
visit only Museum and even in those
museums you will be required to leave
your cameras and
smartphones it was time to head to the
epicenter of it we're on our way to one
of the only accessible yet still
radioactive testing sites in Kazakhstan
Lake shagan which we will need
protective gear for on January 15 1965
the Soviet Union tested hydrogen bomb 11
times the strength of the bomb dropped
on Hiroshima by the United States
military
in
1945 the 140 kilon device was buried
nearly 180 m in the ground and upon
detonation the blast created a crater of
454 M wide and 100 m deep throwing soil
nearly 1 and2 km up in the air the blast
was so large that it took the dust
nearly 50 days to settle forming the
current Hills that now surround the
crater shortly after the test a nearby
River was diverted to fill the crater
and turn it into what locals Now call
the atomic
Lake do not pick anything from the
ground when walking try to eras it as
little dust as possible I realize we're
putting on heavy duty stuff yeah let to
avoid uh having any anything contaminate
our clothes before we get back in the
car we're going to have to take
everything off going to put it in a
trash
bag the most heavily contaminated areas
of the test sites are completely fenced
off from the public this Lake however
has levels safe enough to approach with
protective gear on we must be careful
about our time spent here and making
sure we don't inhale or kick up any of
the Dust below the
[Music]
snow rock rock rock
rock
[Music]
[Music]
fore
[Music]
it's so crazy that we're like we are in
where the nuclear explosion happened all
this is unnatural all this dust that
you're seeing all these Hills it's just
the displaced soil that was inside the
crater
ready
ready
[Music]
fore MH
[Music]
m
[Music]
no
because of dust it was so black that it
looked like in the
night
it's crazy the scale of it when you're
in it how did one
explosion make all of this and why and
why yeah exactly why that's a great
question
why have you ever heard anyone being
affected by the nuclear
test
for
any any colleagues in work who did
similar work to him that have had health
complications that affected them in a
negative
way
me the Ordinary People
suffered on the very spot we are walking
blew a bomb that could have incinerated
an entire city as we walk on the ashes
of the very definition of Destruction
one cannot help but feel existential
about how our fear of those we consider
our enemy drove some of Humanity's
greatest Minds to bring such Carnage
into existence having all been up close
to such destruction we wanted to know
how they all felt about the current
state of the world I still want who
participated in kind of dismantling the
system after Soviet Union collapsed what
do you feel seeing the world kind of
descend into another Cold War and the
threat of nuclear war Rising again and
being at an all-time high since
then
[Music]
you have a great grandson here and your
grandson what is your message to all the
young people in the
[Music]
world
he runs he runs every day and he goes to
the swimming pool still
day
[Music]
for
[Music]
[Music]
for
[Music]
[Music]
kazakstan abandoned all of its nuclear
weapons also it had fourth biggest
nuclear Arsenal in the world wow I wish
all countries behave the same
way it's his
no what present present wow gift thank
you wow wow
amazing just gifted us the medle of
closing the test site are you
[Laughter]
sure
wow we
will you can tell him that we will
protect it and spread peace as far as
possible with his messages
yeah
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