BAB 23 - "KETIKA" & "KALAU" dalam Bahasa Jepang

Summary

In this video, the speaker explains key grammatical concepts from the 23rd chapter of a Japanese language book. The focus is on two main sentence structures: the use of 'Toki' (when) to express specific time-related actions and the particle 'To' (if/when) to indicate automatic or certain outcomes. Through examples, the speaker demonstrates the correct usage of these patterns with verbs, adjectives, and nouns. Additionally, real-life conversation examples are provided to illustrate their practical application in daily scenarios, making it easier for learners to understand and use these structures in their own conversations.

Takeaways

• 😀 The script explains how to use the 'Toki' particle in Japanese, which indicates 'when' or 'at the time of' an event.
• 😀 The 'Toki' particle can be used with verbs, adjectives, and nouns, with specific rules on how to connect them.
• 😀 The usage of 'Toki' is illustrated with examples, such as 'Tosokangde Hong o karirutoki' (When borrowing a book, a card is needed).
• 😀 A key point is the difference in verb tenses when using 'Toki,' such as using the past tense when an event happens after another.
• 😀 The script also covers the use of 'To' to express automatic or certain outcomes, as in 'Konobotan o osu to otsuriga demasu' (When you press this button, change will appear).
• 😀 'To' is more straightforward than 'Toki' and can be used with verbs in their dictionary form to express an automatic result.
• 😀 Examples of 'To' include simple, automatic actions like pressing a button or turning a knob to cause an effect.
• 😀 In conversations, 'Toki' is used to describe events tied to specific conditions, like 'Yakyuno shiga arutoki mimas' (I watch TV when there’s a baseball game).
• 😀 The script shows that 'Toki' can describe simultaneous actions or conditions, like 'Wakaranai toki watashini kiekudasai' (When you don’t understand, ask me).
• 😀 It emphasizes the importance of understanding the chronological order of actions when using 'Toki' to avoid confusion in complex sentences.

Q & A

What does the particle 'Toki' represent in Japanese?

The particle 'Toki' in Japanese can be translated as 'when', 'at the time', or 'during'. It is used to indicate a specific point in time when an action occurs.

What is the main usage of 'Toki' with verbs in Japanese sentences?

'Toki' is used with verbs to express actions that happen at a certain time. The verb can be in the dictionary form, past tense, or negative form, depending on the context.

How do you use 'Toki' with adjectives?

'Toki' can be used with adjectives, especially with 'i' adjectives. When used with 'i' adjectives, the adjective is followed directly by 'Toki'. For example, 'Wakai toki' means 'when (I was) young'.

What is the difference between 'Toki' and 'To' in Japanese?

'Toki' is used to indicate a specific time or situation, while 'To' is used to indicate a result or automatic occurrence that happens when something else happens. 'To' is more focused on automatic or certain results, while 'Toki' refers to the time of occurrence.

Can 'Toki' be used with nouns in Japanese sentences?

Yes, 'Toki' can also be used with nouns. In this case, the noun is followed by 'no' to connect the noun with 'Toki'. For example, 'Kodomo no toki' means 'when I was a child'.

How is 'Toki' used with negative verbs?

'Toki' can be used with negative verbs to indicate a situation when something doesn't happen. For example, 'Wakarana toki' means 'when (I) don't understand'.

What is the pattern for using 'To' in sentences?

'To' is used with verbs in their dictionary form to indicate something that happens automatically when another action occurs. For example, 'Tōken wo osu to, okane ga demasu' means 'If you press the button, the money will come out'.

In what contexts should 'Toki' and 'To' be used in Japanese?

'Toki' should be used when talking about the time or condition under which something happens, while 'To' should be used to describe something that happens automatically or inevitably after another action occurs.

How do you distinguish between 'Toki' used with verbs in past and non-past forms?

'Toki' can be used with both past and non-past verb forms. If using past tense, it indicates that the action happened at that time. For example, 'Paris e itta toki' means 'when I went to Paris'. For non-past tense, it refers to the general time when something happens, such as 'Paris e iku toki' (when I go to Paris).

What are some common mistakes learners make when using 'Toki' and 'To'?

A common mistake is confusing the use of 'Toki' and 'To' in terms of their timing or automatic nature. 'Toki' is used to indicate the time or event when something happens, while 'To' is used to indicate automatic or inevitable outcomes. Learners may also incorrectly connect nouns with 'Toki' without using 'no', or misuse the negative form of verbs with 'Toki'.