Genital herpes: Treatment & Management | Stanford Center for Health Education

Summary

Genital herpes, caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV), is a common and lifelong infection spread through sexual contact. While there is no cure, antiviral pills can help manage outbreaks, reduce symptoms, and prevent future episodes. Medications such as acyclovir, famciclovir, and valacyclovir are used to control the virus, with suppressive therapy also decreasing the chance of transmission. During outbreaks, avoiding sexual contact and using condoms are crucial for preventing the spread of HSV. For effective management and prevention, individuals should consult healthcare providers and follow prescribed treatment plans.

Takeaways

• 😀 Genital herpes is caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV) and is a common infection.
• 😀 Genital herpes is spread through sexual contact and can cause blisters or sores on the genitals, thighs, or buttocks.
• 😀 While symptoms disappear over time, HSV remains in the body and can cause recurrent outbreaks.
• 😀 Outbreaks may be triggered by illness, stress, fatigue, or menstruation in women.
• 😀 There is no cure for genital herpes, but antiviral pills can help control symptoms and reduce outbreaks.
• 😀 Acyclovir, famciclovir, and valacyclovir are the main antiviral medications for treating genital herpes.
• 😀 Treatment works best when started within 72 hours of symptom onset.
• 😀 Suppressive therapy, or daily antiviral medication, can prevent outbreaks and lower the chance of spreading HSV.
• 😀 Topical creams or lotions are not effective for treating genital herpes.
• 😀 Avoid sexual activity during outbreaks and always use condoms to reduce transmission risk, even without visible symptoms.
• 😀 It’s important to communicate with your partner about potential exposure to genital herpes to prevent unknowingly spreading the virus.

Q & A

What is genital herpes and how is it caused?

Genital herpes is an infection caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV). It is a very common condition and is primarily spread from person to person through sexual contact.

How do genital herpes symptoms manifest?

Genital herpes can cause painful blisters or sores on the genitals, thighs, or buttocks. These sores usually heal on their own but can reappear during outbreaks.

Is there a cure for genital herpes?

Currently, there is no cure for genital herpes. The virus remains in the body for life, though treatments can help manage symptoms and outbreaks.

What are outbreaks in relation to genital herpes?

Outbreaks are recurrent episodes where blisters and sores reappear after the initial infection. Over time, these outbreaks often become less severe and the sores heal faster.

What triggers outbreaks of genital herpes?

Outbreaks may be triggered by various factors such as illness, stress, fatigue, or hormonal changes, particularly in women during menstruation.

What are antiviral medications and how do they help with genital herpes?

Antiviral medications, such as acyclovir, famciclovir, and valacyclovir, help to control the herpes simplex virus, reduce the severity of outbreaks, and can speed up the healing process if taken early.

How does suppressive therapy work for genital herpes?

Suppressive therapy involves taking antiviral medication daily, even when there are no symptoms, to prevent outbreaks and reduce the chance of transmitting the virus to others.

Are creams or lotions effective for treating genital herpes?

No, creams and lotions, including those with antiviral ingredients, are not effective for treating genital herpes. The CDC recommends using antiviral pills instead.

Can genital herpes be spread when no sores or symptoms are present?

Yes, genital herpes can still be spread even when there are no visible sores or symptoms, which is why it is important to use protection, like condoms, to reduce transmission risk.

What precautions should be taken during a genital herpes outbreak?

During an outbreak, it is important to avoid sexual contact until the sores have completely healed. Additionally, always use condoms to prevent spreading the virus, even when you don't have active sores.