Krisis 2024: Mengapa Banyak Kelas Menengah Turun Kasta Jadi Miskin?

Summary

The video discusses the financial struggles of Indonesia's middle class, highlighting increasing living costs and rising taxes. Many middle-class individuals are losing their financial stability, with savings decreasing significantly since 2019. While the wealthy are benefiting, the middle class is shrinking. The speaker provides advice on financial management, including building emergency funds, using credit cards wisely, and investing in assets like gold, stocks, and crypto. Additionally, the video emphasizes the importance of using reliable financial platforms like Neobank for saving and earning rewards, encouraging viewers to improve their financial strategies in these challenging times.

Takeaways

• 📉 The middle class in Indonesia is shrinking due to rising living costs and increasing portions of spending, especially on taxes and fees.
• 💸 Savings of people with balances below 100 million IDR have declined, while wealthier individuals have seen their savings increase.
• 📊 According to data from the Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS), the middle class has decreased from 52 million people in 2019 to 47 million in recent years.
• 😷 The COVID-19 pandemic led many people to deplete their savings, and now, in 2023 and 2024, those savings are significantly reduced or even gone.
• 📈 The upper-middle class, with earnings above 10 million IDR per month, is benefiting from credit card rewards and travel promotions in 2023, while the lower-middle class struggles.
• 💳 For those earning 10 million IDR or more, using credit cards wisely (paying off full balances) can help build a good credit score without incurring debt.
• 🛡️ Emergency funds are critical, with a recommended amount of at least 3 months of expenses, ideally up to 12 months, stored in a separate, liquid account.
• 🏦 The Neobank 'Tabungan Now' savings account offers a 4.25% interest rate, with promotions for new users to earn rewards and experience bonuses.
• 💰 For wealth-building, investments in gold, stocks, and crypto are recommended, but deposits like Neobank's offer an 8% interest rate and are considered safer for now.
• 💡 Financial literacy is essential in today's economy, and there are many resources available, such as AI tools and online platforms like YouTube, to help people learn and manage their finances effectively.

Q & A

What are the main reasons for the decline of the middle class in Indonesia according to the transcript?

The main reasons for the decline of the middle class in Indonesia are the rising costs of living and increased expenses, especially for taxes and fees, which are not matched by income growth. This has led to people dipping into their savings, which have been significantly depleted since the pandemic.

How has the savings behavior of Indonesians changed from 2019 to 2024?

According to the data, the savings of Indonesians with balances below IDR 100 million have decreased, while wealthier individuals with savings above IDR 5 billion have seen an increase. Many in the middle class have used up their savings to cover living expenses.

What does the term 'expiring middle class' refer to?

The term 'expiring middle class' refers to individuals who were once part of the middle class but are now at risk of falling into poverty. Despite their previous stability, their economic situation has become precarious due to increasing living costs and dwindling savings.

How did the COVID-19 pandemic affect the financial situation of the middle class?

During the COVID-19 pandemic, people saved more as they were not spending on activities like going to the movies or concerts. However, by 2023-2024, many people's savings, which were once in the hundreds of millions, have reduced to tens of millions or even zero, leading to a sharp financial decline.

What financial advice is given for individuals with incomes above 10 million IDR per month?

The transcript suggests that individuals with incomes above 10 million IDR should consider applying for a credit card, not for borrowing but to improve their credit score and take advantage of rewards and points. Proper use of credit, such as paying off balances in full every month, can help build a good credit score.

What is the recommendation for people with lower incomes regarding credit cards?

For people with incomes below 10 million IDR, it is advised not to apply for a credit card but instead focus on building an emergency fund. Having 3-12 months’ worth of expenses saved is essential to deal with unforeseen circumstances.

What is an emergency fund, and how much should someone aim to save?

An emergency fund is money set aside for unexpected events. It is recommended to save at least 3 months’ worth of expenses for individuals, but aiming for 12 months of savings provides greater financial security.

Where is it suggested to store an emergency fund, and why?

It is suggested to store an emergency fund in a separate, liquid account, such as a regular savings account or a deposit account like NeoBank’s ‘Tabungan Now.’ This ensures that the funds are easily accessible and earn interest while being insured by the LPS.

What investment options are recommended for individuals after building an emergency fund?

After building an emergency fund, the recommended investment options include gold, cryptocurrency, and stocks. Gold has shown an average annual increase of 9%, cryptocurrency like Bitcoin is still seen as having potential for growth, and certain stocks have seen significant increases in value.

Why is NeoBank recommended in the transcript, and what benefits does it offer?

NeoBank is recommended for its competitive interest rates, including a 4.25% annual interest on savings and up to 8% on deposits. It offers flexibility with deposit terms starting from 7 days, and promotions like cash rewards and experience coupons for new users.

Outlines

00:00

💼 The Middle Class Struggle and Economic Shift

The middle class in Indonesia is facing increasing financial pressure as the cost of living and tax burdens rise. While savings for those with less than 100 million IDR are decreasing, the wealthy are seeing their savings grow. This highlights a growing disparity between the rich and the middle class, as many middle-income earners find themselves in financial decline. The middle class, often seen as the backbone of the economy, is shrinking rapidly, with millions of people slipping into poverty within the last five years.

05:02

💡 Building an Emergency Fund for Stability

The second paragraph emphasizes the importance of having an emergency fund, suggesting a minimum of 3 months’ worth of expenses for single individuals, and up to 12 months for better financial security. The speaker advises separating this fund from other investments and recommends storing it in a liquid and secure account like a high-interest savings or deposit account. Miobank’s Tabungan Now account, offering 4.25% annual interest, is promoted as an ideal option for building this emergency fund, especially with additional rewards during the financial inclusion month.

Keywords

💡Middle Class

The middle class refers to individuals or households that fall between the working class and the upper class in terms of income and economic stability. In the video, it is emphasized how the middle class is shrinking due to increased living costs, taxes, and stagnant wages, making it harder for them to maintain their economic status. The middle class is also portrayed as a critical pillar for economic stability, yet they are the ones most affected by current economic conditions.

💡Economic Pressure

Economic pressure in the video refers to the financial strain experienced by individuals or households due to rising costs of living, taxes, and other expenses. This concept is illustrated by the decrease in the savings of those with less than 100 million IDR, indicating that many are dipping into their savings to maintain their standard of living, thus reducing their financial resilience.

💡Savings Decline

The decline in savings refers to the reduction of money held in savings accounts, particularly for the lower and middle-income groups. The video mentions how the number of people with less than 100 million IDR in their savings has significantly decreased over the years, showing the impact of economic pressures. This trend contrasts with the increasing savings of the wealthy, highlighting growing economic inequality.

💡Wealth Gap

The wealth gap is the disparity in assets and income between the rich and the poor. The video addresses how, despite economic hardships, the wealthy have seen an increase in their savings, while the middle class has become financially strained. This growing gap indicates that the economic benefits are not being evenly distributed, leading to concerns about social and economic stability.

💡Emergency Funds

Emergency funds are savings set aside to cover unexpected expenses or financial emergencies. In the video, it is suggested that individuals should aim to have an emergency fund equivalent to 3-12 months of expenses. This advice is given as a strategy for the middle class to build financial resilience in uncertain economic times.

💡Credit Cards

Credit cards are portrayed as both a risk and an opportunity for financial management. The video suggests that for those with higher incomes, using credit cards can be a strategic way to manage spending and earn rewards like miles or points. However, the recommendation comes with the caution to avoid accumulating debt and to pay off the full balance each month to maintain good credit scores.

💡Investments

Investments refer to allocating money into assets like gold, stocks, or deposits to generate future income or profit. The video encourages middle-class individuals to consider various investment options to grow their wealth. The importance of diversifying investments is highlighted, particularly with options like deposits, which have high interest rates in 2024, making them a safer choice for those new to investing.

💡Income vs. Expenses

The balance between income and expenses is a key concept in the video, explaining that many in the middle class are struggling because their expenses are outpacing their income. This imbalance leads to a depletion of savings and a higher likelihood of falling into lower economic classes. The video suggests strategies like increasing income, reducing unnecessary expenses, and investing wisely to counteract this imbalance.

💡Financial Resilience

Financial resilience refers to the ability to withstand economic shocks, such as sudden job loss or medical emergencies. The video illustrates that many in the middle class lack financial resilience, as evidenced by their shrinking savings and inability to cope with rising expenses. Establishing emergency funds and exploring investment opportunities are recommended as ways to build resilience.

💡Economic Inequality

Economic inequality is the unequal distribution of wealth and resources within a society. The video highlights how this inequality is widening, with the wealthy increasing their savings and the middle class becoming financially squeezed. This disparity is attributed to the different impacts of economic policies, taxation, and access to financial products, leading to concerns about the long-term effects on social cohesion and economic stability.

Highlights

Middle class is increasingly squeezed by rising costs and taxes, while savings for those with less than 100 million IDR have declined.

Despite the struggles of the middle class, savings for the wealthy, especially those with over 5 billion IDR, have increased.

The middle class is shrinking, with a decrease from 52 million in 2019 to 47 million in 2024, highlighting a growing financial vulnerability.

One major reason for the middle class’s financial decline is that income growth has not kept pace with increasing expenses, leading to the depletion of savings.

The COVID-19 pandemic caused a spike in savings, but by 2023, many people's savings had dwindled from hundreds of millions of IDR to very little.

For middle-to-upper-class individuals, 2023 saw a rise in travel deals and credit card promotions, allowing many to travel more frequently.

Credit cards are recommended for those earning more than 10 million IDR per month, not for debt accumulation, but to build a strong credit score.

Emergency funds should be prioritized, with recommendations to save at least 3-12 months of expenses depending on personal circumstances.

Neobank is recommended as a savings option with a competitive 4.25% annual interest rate for emergency funds, offering security and no admin fees.

Investments are key, with gold, Bitcoin, and stocks highlighted as potential high-growth areas since 2020.

Neobank also offers competitive deposit options, with interest rates as high as 8% per year for deposits starting from 100,000 IDR.

Middle class individuals are advised to increase income, establish emergency funds, apply for credit cards, and begin investing.

2023-2024 has been a favorable period for investment growth, particularly in the stock market, where certain stocks have surged by over 600%.

Deposits with Neobank are seen as a safe investment option, particularly during periods of high interest rates.

Neobank provides a simple and fast process for account setup, emphasizing safety with OJK regulation and LPS insurance.

Transcripts

kelas menengah makin terjepit biaya

hidup naik dan porsi pengeluaran juga

meningkat terutama pengeluaran untuk

pajak dan hiuran menariknya kalau

menurut data LPS tabungan masyarakat

dengan saldo kurang dari r00 juta itu

terus Mengalami penurunan di sisi lain

kalau misalnya kita tanya nih ke

bangkir-bangkir ke bank-bank besar

mereka tuh mengakui loh bahwa memang

saat ini hal itu memang beneran terjadi

tapi ironisnya saldo tabungan orang kaya

malah nambah jadi terjadi peningkatan

nih dinas ah menengah ke atas yang

nominal tabungannya tuh di atas 5 miliar

Apakah memang benar ya kata speed bahwa

orang miskin tuh memang harus Minggir ya

[Musik]

minginingininging dan Apakah benar ya

kata banyak orang bahwa negara Indonesia

itu ternyata ditopang oleh kelas

masalahnya kelas menengah juga malah

makin turun kasta kalau berdasarkan data

yang ada sekarang Welcome to psychology

of Finance di sini kita bakal bahas

tentang Kenapa banyak kelas menengah

turun kasta jadi miskin stay

tune Welcome to psychology of Finance

kalau ditanya Apakah hidup sekarang jauh

lebih sulit jawabannya gua bisa bilang

iya ya Karena gini BPS tuh mencatat

porsi pengeluaran itu naik terus

terutama untuk pajak dan iuran dan ini

naik dari 1%-an sampai ke 4,5%-an

kontribusi dari kelas menengah nah angka

ini tuh udah lumayan mendekati

kontribusi pajak dari masyarakat kelas

atas bisa jadi berita baik ya karena ya

artinya makin banyak orang tuh bayar

pajak tapi berita buruknya adalah ya

ekonomi ini ditopang sama kelas menengah

yang belum tentu oke juga kalau kelas

menengahnya terus jadi makin sedikit Nah

itu ya jadi menariknya adalah data kelas

menengah tuh justru turun jadi dari yang

middle class itu turun jadi cuma

expiring middle class ya sebenarnya itu

bahasa kerennya doang sih Ya tapi kalau

bahasa gaulnya atau bahasa faktanya ya

ini rakyat awalnya hidupnya cukup kelas

menengah tapi dia tiba-tiba rentan jadi

miskin gitu jadi BPS mencatat yang

awalnya ada

juta kelas menengah di tahun 2019

sekarang tuh cuma 47 juta artinya

ngurang hampir R juta dalam 5 tahun

terakhir jadi Apakah kita makin enak

hidupnya ya enggak juga ya buat banyak

orang harusnya enggak pertanyaannya Kok

bisa sih kelas menengah turun

kasta kalau menurut salah satu ahli

salah satu alasannya ya sebenarnya

karena pendapatan tuh enggak sebanding

sama pengeluaran terus habis itu makanin

tabungan nih buat hidup habis itu Ya

udah enggak ada tabungan lagi jadi

kebetulan pas covid nih ya di tahun

20192 20 tabungan orang-orang kan tinggi

ya yang awalnya suka ke bioskop konser

tiba-tiba kagak ngapa-ngapain nah orang

punya tabungan ratusan juta sekarang

2023 2024 ratusan jutanya jadi puluhan

juta bahkan jadi nol gitu karena

tabungan orang-orang termasuk perusahaan

itu mulai menipis sampai sekarang

makanya pengeluaran sekarang tuh ya

enggak sebanyak itu ya ekonomi Enggak

seberjalan seperti biasanya lah warga

rakyat Indonesia tuh Ya bisa dibilang

udah enggak kuat lagi terutama kelas

menengah akhirnya turun kelas lah mereka

menarik nya buat middle upper class ya

atau yang pendapatannya ya di atas 10

juta atau 2 digit ke atas itu sebenarnya

menariknya di 2023 tuh lagi banyak promo

ya jadi justru 2023 tuh adalah

tahun-tahunnya orang ke luar negeri gua

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mulai aware sama Miles sama poin ya

member-member Hotel Airlines jadi

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kredit gua menyarankan untuk apply kartu

kredit tapi bukan buat ngutang ya justru

sebaliknya Justru untuk menghindari

utang karena penggunaan kredit yang

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tagihan 100% tiap akhir bulan Supaya apa

supaya lu bisa ningkatin kredit score

Karena sekarang OJK Bank Indonesia itu

lagi ya mencanangkan yang namanya sistem

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reward Miles points dan lain-lain sampai

gua bikin akun sendiri

evantraavelgide.id ya yang akhirnya gua

gua sebagai salah satu kaum menengah

juga traveling kar Negeri gitu sejak

tahun 2023 meskipun kalau buat menengah

ke bawah ya ekonomi rasanya udah

memburuk sih dari 2022 juga udah menurun

gitu ya tapi ya begitulah namanya hidup

ya yang kaya makin kaya yang miskin

tetap miskin jadi ini catatan buat lo

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bisa cari kartu kredit yang ngasih

program rewards atau Miles tapi kalau

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pengeluaran lo juga di bawah R juta dan

Gua yakin mayoritas pasti masih segitu

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lu nonton video ini sampai habis

kumpulin dana darurat dulu di next part

bakal ada

tipsnya dana darurat itu adalah dana

yang lu siap pakai kapan aja kalau ada

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