Disaster Preparedness Part 1

Algis P.
7 Apr 202416:14

Summary

TLDR千葉大学グローバル・トランスディシプリナリー学研究科のアル・パヴィッチ准教授が講義するこのビデオでは、災害予防と準備に関する日本政府内閣府の調査結果を紹介し、災害意識と準備活動の実態を探ります。また、デザイン思考の基本概念と手法を活用して、災害準備に対する意識向上の可能性を探究します。さらに、調査結果に基づいて、人々の災害予防に対する態度や行動を理解し、具体的な問題を特定するプロセスを説明し、デザイン思考がどのように災害準備に役立つかを紹介します。

Takeaways

  • 🌍 日本政府の内閣府が行った調査によると、46.3%の人が自宅での災害対策を強化したいと回答したが、災害防止組織に参加する意欲を示したのはわずか4.5%だった。
  • 💡 60%以上の回答者が大規模災害の発生可能性を認識している一方で、実際に災害対策を進めているのは40%未満だった。
  • ⏳ 多くの回答者が、災害対策を行っていない理由として、時間の不足や費用、情報不足、機会の欠如を挙げている。
  • 👥 災害対策活動で協力できるグループとして、家族以外では近所の人や職場の人、ボランティア防災組織、趣味のグループなどが挙げられた。
  • 🏠 52.4%の回答者が、自宅での水や食料の備蓄、家具の転倒防止などの準備をしたいと考えている。
  • 📚 約37%の回答者は、防災に関するセミナーやワークショップへの参加に関心を持っていると答えた。
  • ⏰ 災害対策を行う際の最大の障害として、42.6%の人が「時間の不足」を挙げた。
  • 🎓 デザイン思考を防災対策に適用することで、災害への意識を高め、対策の実行を促す効果が期待できる。
  • 💭 デザイン思考の5つのステージ(共感、問題定義、発想、プロトタイプ、テスト)は、災害対策の問題解決に役立つ。
  • 🚨 デザイン思考を用いて、防災に関する啓発活動をより効果的で、ユーザーフレンドリーかつ継続的に改善できる。

Q & A

  • 災害に対する公共の意識に関する調査はどのような目的で行われましたか?

    -日本政府の内閣府が行った調査は、災害防止と準備に関する公共の理解と行動を明らかにすることを目的として実施されました。

  • 調査結果によると、どのくらいの人々が自宅での災害準備を強化する意向を示しましたか?

    -調査結果では、46.3%の回答者が自宅での準備を強化する意向を示しました。

  • ボランティアの災害防止組織に参加したいと考えている人の割合はどれくらいですか?

    -ボランティアの災害防止組織に参加したいと考えている人はわずか4.5%でした。

  • 災害発生の可能性を高いと認識している人はどれくらいいますか?

    -60%以上の回答者が災害が発生する可能性が高い、または確実に発生すると認識しています。

  • 実際の災害準備に取り組んでいると回答した人の割合はどれくらいですか?

    -実際に災害準備に取り組んでいると回答した人は40%未満でした。

  • 災害準備に対する障害として挙げられている主な要因は何ですか?

    -主な障害として挙げられているのは、時間の不足、コスト制約、機会の不足、情報の欠如です。

  • 災害準備に関する情報の提供について、どのような改善が提案されていますか?

    -情報提供の改善として、情報をよりアクセスしやすく、理解しやすくすることが提案されています。

  • 調査によれば、将来的にどのようなグループで災害防止活動を行いたいと考える人が多いですか?

    -調査では、家庭外で日常的に災害防止活動を行う際に、隣人や職場の人々、地域のボランティア組織などのグループで活動したいと考える人が多いことがわかりました。

  • デザイン思考のプロセスは災害準備にどのように役立つとされていますか?

    -デザイン思考のプロセスは、ユーザー中心の問題解決アプローチを通じて、災害準備に対する意識を高め、実際の行動に結びつけるために役立つとされています。

  • デザイン思考の5つの主要なステージは何ですか?

    -デザイン思考の5つの主要なステージは、共感、定義、発想、プロトタイプ、テストです。

Outlines

00:00

📚 自己紹介と講義の概要

Al Pavich氏が千葉大学のグローバル・トランスディシプリナリー研究科の准教授として自己紹介し、災害準備に関する講義の第一部を紹介します。日本政府の内閣府が行った調査結果を通じて、災害予防と備えに対する市民の認識と行動を説明。また、デザイン思考の概念とその手法についても説明し、災害準備の意識を高めるための応用可能性を探ります。2016年5月に実施された調査では、46.3%の回答者が日常の準備を強化する意向を示し、4.5%が消防団などの自主防災組織への参加に興味を持っていることが分かりました。

05:02

🧐 災害意識と行動の現状分析

調査によると、60%以上の回答者が大規模災害の発生可能性を認識している一方で、40%未満が十分な備えをしていると回答しています。特に災害の可能性を低く見積もる人々は、防災に消極的である傾向が見られます。また、防災の重要性を認識しながらも準備が不十分な理由として、時間不足、費用制約、機会不足、情報不足などが挙げられています。これらの障害を克服するための対策として、情報の提供方法の改善や、簡易な学習機会の提供が推奨されています。

10:05

👥 災害準備におけるグループ活動とその課題

災害準備活動にどのようなグループが関与できるかについての調査結果では、隣人や職場、ボランティア組織、趣味のグループが挙げられました。52.4%が家庭内での日常準備、37%が災害に関する情報収集、35%が災害時のコミュニケーションネットワークの構築に興味を持っていることが分かりました。しかし、42.6%が時間不足を、他にも学習グループや指導者の不足を障害として挙げています。これらの問題を解決するためには、学習の機会や環境の整備が重要です。

15:07

💡 デザイン思考を用いた災害意識向上へのアプローチ

災害の可能性が高いと認識しているグループとそうでないグループで、備えのレベルに違いが見られます。防災へのモチベーションを高めるためには、災害が起こり得ることを意識させることが重要です。ここで、デザイン思考の人間中心のアプローチが有効であると提案されます。デザイン思考の5つのステージ(共感、定義、アイデア創出、プロトタイピング、テスト)を通じて、防災意識を高める方法が紹介されます。共感のステージでは、ユーザーのニーズを理解することが重視され、これがデザインの基盤となります。

🎨 デザイン思考プロセスの各ステージ

デザイン思考は、問題解決に向けた人間中心のアプローチで、共感、定義、アイデア創出、プロトタイピング、テストの5つのステージを通じて行われます。共感のステージではユーザーのニーズを理解し、定義のステージでは問題を明確化します。アイデア創出では多様な解決策を生み出し、プロトタイピングでは迅速な試作品を作成してテストします。テストではユーザーのフィードバックを反映させて、解決策の改善を図ります。このプロセスは反復的であり、常に改善が行われます。

🚀 デザイン思考の適用による災害準備の強化

デザイン思考を災害準備に応用することで、より効果的な意識向上キャンペーンを開発・実施することが可能です。共感ステージでは、ユーザー調査を通じて防災に関する態度や行動を深く理解し、ストーリーテリングを活用して共感を呼び起こします。定義ステージでは問題を明確化し、アイデア創出ステージではブレインストーミングや共同設計を行います。プロトタイピングステージでは、啓発資料やシミュレーションを開発し、テストステージで対象者のフィードバックを反映させて改善します。

📈 結果の評価と継続的改善の重要性

防災意識向上の取り組みを評価するために、意識レベルの変化や備えの行動の採用、地域の関与度合いを継続的に追跡し、取り組みの効果を測定することが重要です。フィードバックを活用し、啓発活動を改良し、地域社会のニーズに応じた効果的な防災キャンペーンを展開します。デザイン思考の原則に従い、継続的な改善を行うことで、対象者の意識と行動の変化に対応することが可能です。次回の講義では、実際に設計された製品やサービスについて説明します。

Mindmap

Keywords

💡防災意識調査

防災意識調査は、日本政府の内閣府が実施した調査で、国民の防災に対する認識や活動を把握するためのものです。この調査では、人々が災害準備にどのように取り組んでいるか、またその障害となっている要因が明らかにされました。講義内では、この調査結果を基に、防災意識向上のための施策を検討しています。

💡デザイン思考

デザイン思考は、人間中心の問題解決手法で、ユーザーのニーズに基づいた創造的な解決策を生み出すプロセスです。共感、問題定義、アイデア出し、プロトタイプ作成、テストという5つの段階を経て、反復的に解決策を洗練していきます。この講義では、デザイン思考を活用して防災意識を高める方法が提案されています。

💡共感

共感は、デザイン思考の第一段階であり、対象者の視点や感情を理解するために、インタビューや観察を通じて情報を集めます。防災意識向上においては、人々が災害に対してどのような感情や認識を持っているかを深く理解するための重要なプロセスです。

💡家庭での備え

家庭での備えとは、災害に備えて日常的に家庭で行う防災対策を指します。講義では、調査の結果として46.3%の人が家庭内での準備を強化したいと答えたことが強調されています。これには水や食料の備蓄、家具の転倒防止などが含まれます。

💡情報の欠如

情報の欠如は、防災準備に対する障害の一つとして挙げられており、調査では、多くの人々が防災に関する情報が不足していると感じています。講義では、情報の提供を簡素化し、アクセスしやすくすることが提案されています。

💡ボランティア防災組織

ボランティア防災組織は、消防団など、地域住民が自主的に結成し、災害に備えるための団体です。しかし、調査では、わずか4.5%の人しかこれらの組織に参加意欲を示しておらず、地域社会での参加促進が課題として取り上げられています。

💡マンパワーの不足

マンパワーの不足は、防災活動に参加するための障害の一つです。講義では、多くの人が個人に負担がかかることを理由に防災活動に参加できないことが述べられています。地域の防災活動を円滑に進めるためには、人的資源の増強が必要です。

💡災害の可能性

災害の可能性は、個々の防災意識に大きく影響を与える要素です。調査では、60%以上の人が大規模災害が発生する可能性が高いと考えていますが、実際に準備をしている人は少ないという結果が示されています。

💡学習環境の整備

学習環境の整備は、防災意識を高めるための重要な要素で、調査では、セミナーや学習グループが近くにないことが防災準備の障害として挙げられています。講義では、地域での学習機会を増やすことが、防災能力の向上につながるとされています。

💡ユーザー中心設計

ユーザー中心設計は、デザイン思考の基本理念であり、製品やサービスの設計過程で、最終ユーザーのニーズや視点を最優先に考える手法です。防災意識向上のために、ユーザーの視点からどのように準備を促進できるかを探ることが、この講義の重要なテーマとなっています。

Highlights

Introduction to disaster preparedness lecture, focusing on survey outcomes and design thinking methodologies.

The Japanese government survey revealed that 46.3% of respondents want to enhance daily disaster preparations at home, but only 4.5% are interested in joining voluntary disaster organizations.

More than 60% of respondents acknowledge the likelihood of a major disaster occurring, but fewer than 40% feel adequately prepared.

Key reasons for not preparing include lack of time, cost, limited opportunities, and lack of information.

The cabinet office suggests simplifying disaster information and making it more accessible, especially for those with low engagement.

52.4% of people expressed interest in making daily disaster preparations like stockpiling water and food, and preventing furniture from falling.

A significant obstacle to disaster preparedness is a lack of time, with 42.6% of respondents citing it as a barrier.

The survey found that many individuals are motivated by information about disaster risks but need more accessible educational resources.

Design thinking is introduced as a key approach to tackling disaster preparedness, focusing on user-centered methods.

The five-stage design thinking process includes empathize, define, ideate, prototype, and test, all critical to generating innovative solutions.

Empathy is highlighted as a core component, essential for understanding user needs and challenges in disaster preparedness.

In the prototyping phase, simple, low-cost solutions like brochures, websites, and simulations can be used to raise disaster awareness.

Co-design workshops involving community members can help brainstorm disaster preparedness strategies and ensure active participation.

The test phase involves gathering feedback from target audiences to refine preparedness materials and ensure cultural relevance.

Design thinking allows for continuous iteration, ensuring that disaster preparedness campaigns evolve to meet community needs.

Transcripts

play00:01

my name is Al pavich I'm an associate

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professor from The Graduate School of

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global and transdisciplinary studies at

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Chiba

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University hello everyone this is part

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one of disaster preparedness lecture

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during this lecture we will take a brief

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look at the outcomes of a survey

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conducted by the Japanese government's

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cabinet office this survey sheds light

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on the Public's understanding and

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actions related to disaster prevention

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and preparedness additionally we will

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delve into the principles of design

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thinking we will explore the underlying

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concept and methodology of design

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thinking and the potential applications

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of this approach in promoting awareness

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of disaster

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preparedness the cabinet office

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published the results of the survey on

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awareness and activities related to

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disaster prevention in daily life in May

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2016 in the survey participants were

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asked if you were to increase your

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involvement in disaster prevention in

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the future beyond your current efforts

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what specific actions would you prefer

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to take the results revealed that

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46.3% of respondents expressed their

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intention to enhance daily preparations

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at home however a comparatively small

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percentage only 4.5% of their

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respondents indicated an interest in

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joining a voluntary disaster prevention

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organization such as a fire brigade

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the disaster prevention awareness survey

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inquires about individual's perception

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of the likelihood of disasters and their

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recognition of the significance of

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disaster

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preparedness over 60% of the respondents

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acknowledge the potential occurrence of

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a major disaster which includes those

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who indicated I am sure it will occur

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and I think the possibility is high

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however when asked about their actual

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Readiness for disasters fewer than 40%

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of the participants responded that they

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are adequately working on preparedness

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or working on it to the extent possible

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in daily

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life if we categorize individuals based

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on their responses to the question of

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disaster preparedness importance with

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one group answering possibility is high

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and the other possibility is low those

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who perceive the possibility as low are

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generally less engaged in disaster

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prevention to assess the significance of

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educational initiatives on disaster

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preparedness the cabinet office

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conducted surveys to investigate why

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some individuals were not taking steps

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to prepare for disasters despite

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recognizing their importance respondents

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who acknowledged the importance of

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disaster preparedness but indicated that

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they were not adequately prepared or

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hardly prepared in their daily lives

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were asked to explain their reasons the

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results revealed that the most commonly

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mentioned factors were lack of time cost

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constraints limited opportunities and

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lack of

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information according to the report from

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the cabinet office there are specific

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recommendations for different groups for

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those who indicated a lack of

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information the report proposes making

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information more accessible and easier

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to understand to address individuals who

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expressed a lack of opportunity the

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suggestion is to distribute simplified

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informational materials online and for

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those who do not feel a personal

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connection to the concept of disasters

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the report advises emphasizing the

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potential dangers associated with

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disasters which might be an effective

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approach additionally more than 20% of

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respondents responded with no particular

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reason the report says that motivating

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such individuals could be achieved by

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raising awareness of the risks

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associated with disasters potentially

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advancing disaster preparedness

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efforts before explaining the chart

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shown in this slide I want to mention

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that there was a questionnaire about

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possible groups that people can help

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each other regarding disaster

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preparedness the respondents were asked

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what kind of groups do you think can be

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involved in disaster preparedness

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activities on a daily basis with people

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outside the family each respondent chose

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different groups such as neighbors

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people at work or part-time job people

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in voluntary disaster prevention

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organizations neighborhood associations

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Etc and people in Hobby groups or Club

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activities in this slide I will talk

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about disaster prevention activities

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that people choose with their chosen

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group and what the obstacles may be when

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asked about the types of activities they

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would engage in for daily disaster

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prevention activities within their

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groups in the future the most common

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response at

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52.4% was Tod do daily preparedness that

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can be made at home like stockpiling

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water and food and preventing furniture

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from falling over about 37% of those

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surveyed showed interest in getting

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information or knowledge about disasters

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by participating in workshops or

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seminars additionally about 35% of

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respondents expressed their interest in

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creating communication system in case of

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disaster such as a communication Network

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or mailing list regarding potential

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obstacles when working on disaster

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prevention activities with their group

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members in the future 42.6% of

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respondents cited lack of available time

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as the most common obstacle this was

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followed by about 24% who pointed out

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absence of nearby study groups or

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seminars or a lack of information about

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them about 23% who mentioned inadequate

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guidance or a lack of clarity on whom to

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consult and about 23% who highlighted

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heavy individual burden due to a

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shortage of

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Manpower we looked through the survey

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results and found hints on bringing

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people's awareness towards disaster

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preparedness we also identified some

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encouraging developments for example

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46.3% of the respondents mentioned daily

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preparations that they can make at home

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and other places

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as well as taking an interest in

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gathering information about disasters

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regularly as things they would like to

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do to prevent disasters indicating that

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there is a latent awareness of the need

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to prepare for disasters but still there

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are a lot of obstacles that hinder

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appropriate disaster preparedness many

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respondents cited reasons such as lack

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of time lack of opportunity to think

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lack of information and not being

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familiar with the problem as factors

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that hinder disaster prevention so it is

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crucial to eliminate these factors and

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change behavior in addition many

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respondents cited a need for study

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groups or seminars being held nearby and

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the lack of someone to advise them as

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obstacles to disaster prevention efforts

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in communities and groups it was

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predicted that providing a place for

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learning as well as an environment and

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resources for learning would be vital to

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increasing the disaster prevention

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capabilities of regions and communities

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furthermore the level of preparedness

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for disaster prevention differs between

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the group that answered that the

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possibility of a disaster is high and

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the group that did

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not many think that the probability of

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disasters is low for motivating disaster

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prevention it is also considered

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adequate to make people aware of the

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possibility of disasters occurring now

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that we have a glimpse of people's

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awareness and activities toward disaster

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prevention let's consider what we can do

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about it how do we make people's

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motivation higher what kind of approach

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is needed the analysis of survey results

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gave an empathetic understanding of many

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people's attitudes and actions

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concerning disaster preparedness empathy

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plays a pivotal role in a human-

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centered design approach like design

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thinking it enables you to put aside

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your preconceived notions about the

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world and gain a genuine understanding

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of users and their

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requirements I suggest that the design

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thinking process is one of the effective

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approach Roes to disaster preparedness

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problems and it could help increase

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people's awareness of

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disasters let's look at how we can apply

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design thinking but before that I would

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like first to explain what design

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thinking

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is the hasso platner Institute of Design

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at Stanford commonly known as the D

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School proposed the five-stage design

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thinking model I will talk about this

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design thinking process in more detail

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design thinking is a problemsolving

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approach that places a strong emphasis

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on understanding the needs and

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perspectives of the end users or

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customers it's a human- centered

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iterative process used to generate

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Innovative and practical solutions to

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complex problems design thinking

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typically consists of the key stages

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empathize Define ideate prototype and

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test the first stage is empathize in

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this stage designers seek to understand

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the people they are designing for this

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involves empathy which means observing

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and engaging with users to gain insights

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into their needs challenges and

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aspirations it often involves conducting

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interviews surveys and observations the

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second stage is Define based on the

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empathy phase the next step is to define

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the problem this involves synthesizing

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the collected information to identify

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the core issues and challenges that need

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to be addressed

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it's about framing the problem in a

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human Centric way the third stage is id8

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this stage encourages creative thinking

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and brainstorming designers and team

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members generate a wide range of

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potential Solutions without judgment the

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goal is to produce a diverse set of

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ideas the fourth stage is prototype once

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a promising idea or concept emerges it's

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time to create a prototype this could be

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a rough sketch a physical model or even

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a digital representation of the proposed

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solution the Prototype is meant to be a

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quick and lowcost representation of the

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idea to be

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tested the fifth stage is test testing

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involves putting the prototype in front

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of users or stakeholders to gather

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feedback and evaluate its Effectiveness

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this process is essential for refining

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and improving the solution if the

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solution doesn't meet the needs of users

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it's back to the ideation phase I

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explained five stages but design

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thinking is iterative process the

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process often Cycles back to earlier

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stages as new insights are gained

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iteration allows for continual

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refinement and Improvement of the

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solution design thinking is often

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associated with creative and

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multi-disciplinary teams working

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collaboratively to tackle complex

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problems it encourages a mindset that

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values experimentation learning from

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failures and focusing on the user's

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perspective while it is most common used

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in the context of product and service

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design it can also be applied to various

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other fields including business strategy

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education and social

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Innovation design thinking has gained

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popularity for its ability to Foster

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Innovative user centered solutions to a

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wide range of

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challenges let's employ various

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techniques within the framework of the

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design thinking process to enhance

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disaster preparedness for the empathized

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stage we will conduct in-depth user

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research to understand the perspectives

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attitudes and behaviors of the target

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audience regarding disaster preparedness

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this may involve surveys interviews and

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focus groups with different population

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segments in addition we add a

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storytelling approach to gather and

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share stories of individuals who have

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experienced disasters or successfully

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prepared for them these narratives can

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create empathy and convey the importance

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of preparedness

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for the defined stage we need to think

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about problem Framing and use the

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insights from user research to define

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the specific challenges and barriers to

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disaster preparedness within the

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community formulate the problem

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statement in a way that resonates with

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the target audience later we create user

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personas to represent different

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population segments considering their

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unique needs concerns and motivations

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related to preparedness for the idea

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stage let's do a brainstorming and

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generate a wide range of creative ideas

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for promoting disaster preparedness

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encourage team members to think outside

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the box and come up with innovative

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solutions also we can do co-design

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workshops to collaborate with the target

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audience in co-design workshops to

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brainstorm and prioritize ideas this

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involves active participation from the

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community in the ideation

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process for the Prototype typ stage we

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will develop awareness materials such as

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brochures videos websites and mobile

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apps that convey key preparedness

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messages in a clear and engaging Manner

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and we design Hands-On simulations or

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exercises that allow individuals to

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experience the impact of disasters in a

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safe and controlled environment this can

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create a sense of urgency and the need

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for

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preparedness in the test stage we test

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the awareness materials and activities

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with representatives from the target

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audience gather feedback on the

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effectiveness relevance and appeal of

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the materials we should establish

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feedback mechanisms that allow the

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community to provide ongoing input and

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suggestions for improvement design

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thinking is an iterative process

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therefore we use the feedback obtained

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during testing to make necessary

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improvements to the awareness materials

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and activities ensure that the messages

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and engagement methods are culturally

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sensitive and resonate with the

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community always engage community

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members in planning and executing

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disaster preparedness initiatives

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encourage their active participation in

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designing and delivering awareness

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programs think about the local

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Partnerships and collaborate with local

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organizations businesses and schools to

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create a network of support for disaster

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preparedness Leverage The expertise and

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resources of these Partners to evaluate

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and measure impact we should set clear

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metrics to measure the impact of the

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awareness initiatives track changes in

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Awareness levels the adoption of

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preparedness behaviors and Community

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engagement over time and continually

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assess the effectiveness of the

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awareness efforts and make necessary

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adjustments based on the results by

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applying design thinking we can develop

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and Implement disaster preparedness

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awareness campaigns that are more

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engaging userfriendly and effective in

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motivating individuals and communities

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to take action design thinking

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principles emphasize continuous

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Improvement ensuring that awareness

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initiatives evolve to meet the changing

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needs and perceptions of the target

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audience this concludes the first part

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of this lecture in part two we will

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examine the products services and

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systems that were created to address the

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issues raised in this lecture

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these selected examples will demonstrate

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how design has been utilized for

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disaster preparedness thank you for

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[Music]

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watching

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災害対策デザイン思考意識向上コミュニティ調査結果災害準備日本学習機会啓発活動教育
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