Grade 9 Music and Arts Q1 Ep 2
Summary
TLDRThis educational video script from Deaf Ed TV explores the evolution of Western art music across the Medieval, Renaissance, and Baroque periods. It delves into the role of the Catholic Church in shaping Medieval music, the rise of secular music with troubadours, and the development of polyphony in the Renaissance. The Baroque era's emphasis on ornamentation and improvisation is highlighted, featuring composers like Bach, Vivaldi, and Handel. The script also touches on the history of Western classical art, including painting, sculpture, and architecture, providing a comprehensive journey through artistic expressions.
Takeaways
- 🎵 Music is a universal language understood by all human beings, transcending time and culture.
- 🏰 The medieval period was dominated by the Catholic Church, with Gregorian chants being central to musical practices.
- 👨🎓 Pope Gregory I is recognized for creating the Gregorian chants, which were traditionally performed by choirs in churches.
- 🎶 Secular music during the medieval period was distinct from sacred music, with troubadours focusing on themes of chivalry and love.
- 🎭 Adam de la Halle was a significant secular composer of the medieval era, known for his musical play 'Le Jeu de la feuillée, Robin et Marion'.
- 📚 The Renaissance period saw music as an integral part of civic, religious, and courtly life, with the invention of the printing press aiding in the wider distribution of compositions.
- 🎼 Notable Renaissance composers like Palestrina and Morley contributed significantly to sacred and secular music, respectively.
- 🎻 The Baroque era, from 1600 to 1750, was marked by the works of composers like Bach, Vivaldi, and Handel, emphasizing ornamentation and dynamic expression.
- 🏛️ Western art music of the medieval, Renaissance, and Baroque periods was characterized by distinct performance practices, reflecting the cultural and religious contexts of the times.
- 🎭 The script also delves into the world of art, exploring the distinct characteristics, elements, and principles of art in various periods, including painting, sculpture, and architecture.
Q & A
What is considered a universal language that all human beings understand?
-Music is considered a universal language that all human beings understand.
Who was Pope Gregory I known for creating?
-Pope Gregory I is known for creating the Gregorian chants.
What type of music was organized according to the needs of the liturgy during the medieval period?
-In the medieval period, sacred music was organized according to the needs of the liturgy.
Who is one of the earliest secular composers whose works include both music and poetry?
-Adam de la Halle, also known as Adam Lavisson, is one of the earliest secular composers whose works include both music and poetry.
What was the significance of the invention of the printing press in the 1400s for Renaissance music?
-The invention of the printing press in the 1400s allowed for a wider distribution of Renaissance compositions.
Which composer is said to be the greatest master of Roman Catholic church music during the Renaissance?
-Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina is said to be the greatest master of Roman Catholic church music during the Renaissance.
What is the famous piece by Italian Baroque composer Antonio Vivaldi?
-Antonio Vivaldi's famous piece is 'The Four Seasons,' a series of four violin concerti.
What is the significance of Johann Sebastian Bach's sacred music in reflecting his deep faith?
-Johann Sebastian Bach's sacred music, including compositions for the organ, orchestra, and oratorio, reflects his deep religious faith.
What was the role of ornamentation in Baroque music performances?
-In Baroque music performances, composers expected musicians to add ornamentation, including trills, mordents, turns, appoggiaturas, grace notes, and passing tones.
What is the importance of clarity in articulation, ensemble, and recording balance in Baroque music?
-In Baroque music, clarity in articulation, ensemble, and recording balance is essential for the true essence of the music to be appreciated.
How did the art of painting in the Middle Ages convey the tradition and culture of the artists?
-Paintings in the Middle Ages conveyed the tradition and culture of the artists by showing realistic details and naive naturalism, transmitting their message across generations.
Outlines
🎵 Medieval, Renaissance, and Baroque Music
Teacher Jason introduces the topic of Western art music development in Europe, focusing on the medieval, Renaissance, and Baroque periods. He discusses the dominance of the Catholic Church in the medieval period, where music was primarily composed by monks for church use, such as Gregorian chants. Secular music, like troubadour music, also emerged, with Adam de la Halle being a notable composer. The Renaissance period saw music as an integral part of civic, religious, and courtly life, with the invention of the printing press aiding in the distribution of music. Composers like Palestrina and Morley contributed significantly to sacred and secular music, respectively. The Baroque era, spanning from 1600 to 1750, featured composers like Bach, Vivaldi, and Handel, who created works for organ, orchestra, and oratorio. Baroque music emphasized ornamentation, improvisation, and dynamic changes.
🎼 The Golden Age of A Cappella and Baroque Performance Practices
The video script continues with a focus on the performance practices during the Baroque era, highlighting the works of Bach, Vivaldi, and Handel. Johann Sebastian Bach's sacred music, including his compositions for the organ and orchestra, is discussed, as well as Vivaldi's instrumental concertos and sacred choral works, most famously 'The Four Seasons.' Handel's 'Messiah' is noted as a significant creation of the Baroque period. The era's performers were expected to add ornamentation and improvise dynamic changes, contributing to the spiritual and respected nature of music during this time.
🖌️ Western Classical Art Traditions
The script transitions to discuss Western classical art traditions, focusing on painting, sculpture, and architecture. Painting is described as a two-dimensional visual image, sculpture as three-dimensional forms created through various processes, and architecture as the design of structures providing shelter and function. The script invites viewers to unlock a 'medallion' by identifying artworks from different eras and styles, promising a journey through art history.
🏛️ A Tour of Architectural Masterpieces
This part of the script delves into architectural works from various historical periods. It describes structures like menhirs, dolmens, and Stonehenge from the prehistoric era, and moves on to discuss Egyptian temples and tombs, the Parthenon in Greece, the Colosseum in Rome, and the Hagia Sophia in Istanbul. Each structure is noted for its cultural and historical significance, reflecting the strength and resilience of the societies that built them.
🎭 Art and Culture Through the Ages
The final paragraph of the script wraps up the educational journey through art, encouraging viewers to share their experiences and continue exploring art. It emphasizes the importance of art in reflecting culture and tradition and invites viewers to participate in social media challenges to extend their engagement with the material presented.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Western Art Music
💡Gregorian Chants
💡Trobairitz
💡Renaissance Music
💡Printing Press
💡Baroque Era
💡Johann Sebastian Bach
💡Antonio Vivaldi
💡George Frideric Handel
💡Secular Music
Highlights
Music is a universal language understood by all human beings.
Medieval period music was dominated by the Catholic Church, with Gregorian chants being the primary form of worship music.
Pope Gregory I is recognized for creating Gregorian chants, which were traditionally sung by choirs in churches.
Secular music in the medieval period was formed outside the church, with troubadour music focusing on chivalry and love.
Adam de la Halle is noted as one of the earliest secular composers, with works including 'Le Jeu de la feuillee' and 'Robin et Marion'.
Medieval minstrels were traveling poets who sang and entertained for a living.
The Renaissance period saw music as an essential part of civic, religious, and courtly life.
The invention of the printing press in the 1400s allowed for wider distribution of Renaissance music.
Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina was a master of Roman Catholic church music, known for his sacred compositions.
Thomas Morley, an English composer, contributed to the history of music with his madrigal collections.
The Baroque era, from 1600 to 1750, is known for composers like Bach, Vivaldi, and Handel.
Johann Sebastian Bach's sacred music reflects his deep religious faith and includes works like the 'Mass in B Minor'.
Antonio Vivaldi, known as the Red Priest, composed mainly instrumental concertos and sacred choral works.
George Frideric Handel's 'Messiah' is his most famous creation, characterized by its oratorio form.
Baroque musicians were expected to add ornamentation and improvise dynamic changes during performances.
Music during the Baroque period was interrelated with secular and sacred life, and was respected as a spiritual gift.
Painting, sculpture, and architecture are the three categories of Western classical art traditions.
The Cave of Lascaux and the Sarcophagus of Tutankhamun are examples of prehistoric and ancient Egyptian art.
Romanesque and Gothic styles are represented by 'Christ in Majesty' and the 'Lady and the Unicorn' tapestries.
Ancient Egyptian architecture served as places of residence for gods and centers of economic activity.
The Parthenon and the Colosseum are iconic examples of Greek and Roman architecture.
Hagia Sophia and the Cathedral of Chartres are renowned works from the Byzantine and Gothic periods, respectively.
Transcripts
[Music]
[Music]
music
is found in every known society past
and present and is considered a
universal language
that all human beings understand
hi dear learners i am teacher jason
and you are watching deaf ed tv
[Applause]
[Music]
today we will visit the time when the
western art music
was developing in europe so be ready
with your pen
paper and self-learning modules
listen carefully and take down notes as
i explain the performance practices of
music of the medieval
renaissance and baroque periods
[Music]
in the medieval period the catholic
church was probably
the most dominant institution in society
annotation like the new was the only
tool used for worship during this period
music was written only by the monks for
the church
that is why only a few composers
were recognized and one of them is pope
gregory 1. pope gregory 1
created the gregorian chants these
gregorian melodies
were traditionally song by choirs of men
and boys in churches
or by men and women of religious orders
in their
chapels in the medieval church
music was organized according to the
needs of the liturgy
with the desire for self-expression
secular music was formed outside the
church
the secular troubadour music talk about
chivalry and love composers of
troubadour music
were not mocks but novels the most
important among these novels
was adam de la hale adam de la halle
also known as adam lavissoon who is one
of the earliest
secular composers whose literary and
musical works
include chances and poetic debates
his musical play zhu the robin ed marion
is considered the earliest surviving
secular french play
with music entertainers from these
period
were called medieval minstrels they were
poets who sang
and entertained people for a living
because
most medieval minstrels were traveling
from place to place
they did not have a permanent abode
while modern musical traditions in the
west were based on the principles of
antiquity
in the notated music of the early church
a secular music practice also existed
but because of the big influence of the
church
the line between sacred and secular
aspects
was unclear during the medieval period
next let's talk about the performance
practices
during the renaissance period
renaissance music
was an essential part of civic religious
and courtly life the exchange of ideas
in europe
as well as the political economic and
religious events
in the period led to major changes
in the styles of compositions and music
dissemination
and in the development of new genres
and musical instruments the invention of
the printing press
in the 1400s paved the way for a wider
distribution
of renaissance compositions some of the
notable composers
during the renaissance were palestrina
and morley
born in rome in 1525
giovanni pierre luigi da palestrina
is said to be the greatest master of
roman catholic church music
majority of his works were sacred music
in the 16th century he also served as an
organist to many churches palestrina's
pope marcelo's mass
is held up as the perfect example of the
counter reformation style
thomas morley who was born in east
england
in 1557 had been a singer
since childhood and eventually became a
carrister
unlike palestrina who devoted his time
to sacred music
morley published his own collections of
madrigals
that showed a variety of color form
and technique that contributed
significantly
to the history of music with the
emergence
of the bourgeois class renaissance music
became popular as
entertainment and activity moreover
the human voice whether in solo or in
ensemble was the most commonly accepted
medium
of performance for all renaissance music
apart from these there was a unity of
style
in both secular and religious music that
applied equally to vocal
and instrumental compositions in the
renaissance period
the western art period that is known to
be
the golden age of acapella coral music
finally we will talk about the
performance practices
during the baroque era that stretches
from 1600
to the 1750s the baroque era
features the works of bach vivaldi
handel and many more johann sebastian
bach
a german who came from a family of
musicians
was a religious man his deep faith
was shown in his sacred music he was
known for his compositions for the organ
the orchestra and the oratorio his works
include
the bradenburg concertos the mess in b
minor
cantata 208 and 211
and fugue in g minor italian baroque
composer
antonio lucio vivaldi also called the
red priest because of his red hair
was a vertozo violinist vivaldi was
known mainly for composing
instrumental concertos especially for
the violin
as well as sacred coral works and over
40 operas
his famous piece is the four seasons
a series of four violin concerti
depicting each of the citizens
another german named georg friedrich
hendell
also became an influential figure during
this period
fjord secretly thought himself to play
the harpsichord
despite his father's opposition
he studied counterpoint canon and viewed
hendo is remembered for his operas
and oratorios he lost his eyesight
in 1753 the messiah
is handel's most famous creation in the
baroque period
composers expected musicians to add
ornamentation
including trails more dims turns
apogeaturas grace notes and passing
tones
the use of vibrato was also considered
an ornament
in addition to adding ornamentations
performers were expected
to improvise dynamic changes
during the baroque period were often
abroad
shifting immediately from soft to loud
and back
there is a spirit to every age every
composer
and every piece of music during the
baroque times
secular and sacred life were very much
interrelated and music was not only to
be enjoyed
but also respected as a spiritual gift
we have already explained the
performance practices of music of the
medieval
renaissance and baroque periods let's
try to check
whether you can still remember the music
that were played
during the discussion part of the lesson
your task
is to listen and identify whether the
music that i will play for 5 seconds
is from letter a medieval letter b
renaissance or letter c baroque
[Music]
if your answer is letter b
then you're right the correct answer
is letter c good job
[Music]
you're fantastic letter a is the answer
[Music]
if your answer is letter c
you must be sensational
[Music]
and the correct answer is letter a
[Music]
i'm proud of the way you work today
keep it up music is the most
dazzling fruit of human civilization
that has become
the massive global craze today without a
doubt
the vocal runs of beyonce the rifts
of elite getter the yodeling of elvis
presley
and the whistles of mariah carey must
have originated
from the distinct characteristics of
vocal and instrumental music
from the three eras it should also be
noted
that performances in the medieval period
were directed
to the church however secular music
like that of troubadours were for
entertainment
obviously in the renaissance period
polyphonic music continued and was used
widely in instrumental vocal and
combined performances
both in sacred and secular finally
the true essentials of baroque music are
the love and respect
for the music enjoyment in performance
and above all clarity in the
articulation
ensemble and recording balance dear
learners
see you again in our next episodes here
on deafbed tv
i am teacher jason saying if there is no
music
there will never be a human soul because
music
is the language of the soul
don't go away because you will also
discover western classical art
traditions
with your art teacher sir rafi
[Music]
what's up art smarts all over the
philippines i am sir rafibi
and thank you for still watching
deadpood tv
all the way from the land of sweet
surprises welcome to negros
occidental are you ready to get your
hearts racing
i'm sure you are so stay tuned and be
ready with your paper
pen and self learning module as we take
the astonishing journey
here on art smart
[Music]
last week we had a great time
discovering the distinct characteristics
elements and principles of art in the
different periods
well the tour doesn't stop there because
today is another brand new opportunity
for a new art amazing trip
as we rediscover ancient classical and
medieval art traditions
and representative artworks and artists
from various art periods
before we go let's see what our rtbf has
prepared for you
hello there i have invited an art smart
to share her reaction about our last
episode
hello fellow art smarts last week
i really enjoyed our tour and i was
amazed by the wonders
that the different areas of art has
brought for the world
and i challenge you to get cool learning
let's make the most of this art amazing
time
see you around our smarts good to hear
that from you cammie rose
sir rafi back to you our trip today will
focus on the three categories of western
classical art traditions
painting sculpture and architecture
hidden in these three treasure chests
a painting is a two-dimensional visual
image created by an artist applying
colored pigments or paint as medium
using a brush
sculpture on the other hand may be two
or three dimensional visual images
that are made through any of the four
basic processes
carving modeling casting and
constructing our assembly
architecture is the art and science of
designing buildings and structures
related to environmental formation
that provides people with shelter to
live in work in
play in and store in at the end of the
tour you need to pass the smart of tasks
that rtb will give you to unlock two
symbols in our medallion
this medallion will serve as your key to
the art amazing world
of western classical art traditions as
we go along
you will have to unlock three treasure
chests that will reveal
marvelous wonders from the past since
you are now time travel ready
let the astonishing journey begin
can you see the first treasure chest
great but in order for us to open it
we need a key and to get the key you
will need to ace this task
among the three artworks which one is
different
you got it now can you tell what kind of
artwork is this
you're right this is a painting now
you can open the treasure chest this is
the cave of lascaux during the
prehistoric era discovered the masel
ravidat in montagnac
france on september 12 1940.
take a look at this one this is the
sarcophagus of tutankhamun discovered by
howard carter
in november 4 1922 in the valley of the
king egypt
in the walls of king tutankhamun's tomb
were paintings of his life and the
scenes he expected to encounter in the
underworld
the greek produced the judgment of paris
in 575 to 550 bc
it was painted in an amphora a black
figure pottery from attica which
displayed the veneration of gods and
heroes
bits of panel in 540 to 530 bc
was discovered during the 1930s in a
cave near the village of pizza
the tomb of the diver built in 470 bc
and discovered by italian archaeologist
mario napoli
on june 3 1968 in campania southern
italy
is a grave made of five local limestone
slabs
forming the four lateral walls and the
roof and slabs carefully bonded with
plaster
now let's have a glimpse of the roman
artistry
head of alexander created in 100 bc
illustrates a battle in which alexander
charges the persian king darius
in the battle of essos vorso tricase
pompei
is an example of a fresco landscape
painting
believed to depict a ceremonial rite
either a marriage or the initiation of a
woman in a mystery cult
the byzantine's empress theodora in the
basilica of san vitale italy
is a mosaic of an asian queen with dark
eyes and hair
with a fierce expression the
romanesque's cries in majesty by an
artist named master tall in barcelona is
a spanish fresco
transferred into a canvas in which
christ is depicted in a full frontal
view
with the gospels on his left and his
right hand blessing the viewers
and surrounded by mandola or the almond
shaped frame
and for the gothic style we have the
lady in the unicorn tapestry from
1506-1513
it is a series of six tapestries created
in the style of thousand flowers
often considered as one of the greatest
works of art
of the middle ages in europe the
shepherd david from the 13th century
is a gothic manuscript illustration
which shows some realistic detail
and naive naturalism these paintings
convey ideas of the tradition and
culture of the artists
they are capable of transmitting their
message from one generation
to another can you see the second
treasure chest
fantastic but in order for us to open it
we need a key and to get the key you
will need to get the correct answer in
this task
among the three artworks which one is
different
[Music]
you got it now can you tell what kind of
artwork is this
you're right this is a sculpture now
let us open the second treasure chest
venus of villendorf was found on august
7 1908
by a work man named joseph zombati in
villendorf lower austria
and was carved from ooletic limestone
showing heavy breasts and a large
abdomen which was believed to be a charm
to ensure fertility
venus of brass and poohy on the other
hand was discovered in a cave at brazing
pooy france in 1892
a sculpture carved from a mammoth piece
of ivory
is a lady with a hood which shows a
human face and hair style
this most copied work of ancient egypt
the queen nefertiti bust was created in
1345 bc by thutmose in ancient egypt
and discovered in amarna on december 6
1912
by the german oriental society
this is the statue of pharaoh mankora
and his queen
discovered by george reisner on january
18 9 and 10
carved in a smooth grain dark stone
called grey whack
or schist that created a sense of
eternity
and immortality this greek sculpture the
descabolus of 460 to 450 bc by myron of
illiterate
depicts a youthful ancient greek athlete
throwing a discus
the original sculpture was made of
bronze but was lost
the sarcophagus from cevitiri from the
late 6th century bc
is made of terracotta showing a husband
and a wife
reclining comfortably as if they were on
a cow
consisting of five ivory plaques that
fit together barbadini diptic at louvre
museum
represents the emperor justinian the
first as a triumphant victor
last judgment was carved by gus libertos
before 11 35 in cathedral of st lazar
in autumn france in romanesque style the
artists of these sculptures
surely poured out their hearts into
their work inspiring them to produce
such
marvels so if you plan to make a
sculpture
do it with a whole lot of passion i
think you can see the third treasure
chest
but then again in order for us to open
it we need a key
and to get the key you will need to get
this task done perfectly
among the three artworks which one is
different
you got it now can you tell what kind of
artwork is this
you're right an architecture here are
the architectural works from the
prehistoric era
the menker is a huge stone standing
vertically on the ground
usually standing in the middle of the
field or arranged in rows
while dolmens are stone tables
consisting of two huge standing
stones supporting a horizontal giant
stone
which served as a grave or as an altar
this is the chrome leg
it is a circle of standing stones
considered as a temple where rituals
were held
behold as we visit these structures that
have stood the test of time
you're right i am talking about egyptian
architecture
egyptian temples served as places of
residence of the gods
and key centers of economic activity and
official worship of the god
the mastaba is an egyptian tomb in the
form of flat roofed
rectangular structure with outward
sloping sides
made of mudbricks or stones and marked
as burial sites of
many imminent egyptians the parthenon
which was constructed in 447 bc and
completed in 432 bc in athens greece
by the architects ectinos and kalikartis
along with a sculpture named fides
is the greatest classical temple
dedicated to the goddess athena
rome's coliseum from 70 to 82 a.d
is an oval amphitheater built from
travertine limestone
top or volcanic rock and brick-faced
concrete
used for gladiatorial contests and
public spectacles
the byzantine period's haya sophia in
istanbul turkey was designed by isidore
of militis and antemius of tralis
and 537 bc the gothic era's cathedral of
chartres or notre dame cathedral
is the first high gothic cathedral with
thousands of sculpted figures and
splendid stained glass windows
these architectural structures have
lasted for a long time
because of their strong foundation in
these trying times
may we be as strong and grounded as
these structures
so our stories will be heard by the
future generation
these masterpieces are powerful tools
that reflect culture and tradition
before we go back to the present rtb is
here again to
challenge what you know hello art smarts
it was an artful visit from the past
let's play
pick that style or era i challenge you
to
identify the periods that these photos
represent
now it's time to smart up you have five
seconds for each item picture number one
venus of willendorf
[Music]
this sculpture was created during the
prehistoric era
picture number two the colosseum
this was constructed during the roman
era
picture number three judgment of paris
the greek era congratulations art smarts
you successfully unlocked two symbols in
our medallion
i am so proud of you sir rafi
back to you it was a jam-packed trip
right i hope you took selfies while we
were on tour
share it on facebook and use the hashtag
artsmart and get the chance to be
featured in our next episode
that's it for our art astonishing
journey today this has been sir raphael
let's keep on creating art we aren't
smart
[Music]
[Music]
[Music]
[Music]
you
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