Ferdinand Magellan: Part 02 (How did Ferdinand Magellan died}| Short Animation

History Animated

6 May 202109:55

Summary

TLDRFerdinand Magellan's ambitious expedition, sponsored by King Charles of Spain, set sail in 1519 with five galleon ships in search of a westward route to the Spice Islands. Despite hardships and mutiny, Magellan's fleet reached the Pacific, which he named 'Mar Pacifico' for its calmness. After introducing Christianity in Cebu and planting the famous Magellan's Cross, Magellan was killed in the Battle of Mactan. Only one ship, the Victoria, returned to Spain in 1522, marking the first circumnavigation and the birth of Christianity in the Philippines.

Takeaways

🏝️ Ferdinand Magellan, a Portuguese explorer, proposed a sea expedition to King Charles of Spain, which was approved, marking the start of a significant historical journey.
🚢 Magellan led a fleet of five galleon ships: Trinidad, San Antonio, Conception, Victoria, and Santiago, embarking on a voyage to find a westward route to the Spice Islands.
🌊 The fleet faced numerous challenges, including rationing of food and water, leading to low morale among the crew during their journey across the Atlantic Ocean.
⚔️ Internal conflicts arose, resulting in an uprising against Magellan, who concluded that only the Santiago and Trinidad ships remained loyal.
📍 After the loss of Santiago, the remaining ships entered the strait that now bears Magellan's name, the Strait of Magellan, marking a significant navigational achievement.
🌟 The Pacific Ocean, initially named 'Mar Pacifico' by Magellan due to its calmness, was a stark contrast to the tumultuous Atlantic, offering a respite for the expedition.
🗺️ The fleet reached the Pacific Island of Guam and later the Philippine Archipelago, including Cebu, where they were warmly welcomed by the local chief, Raha Humabon.
🔱 Magellan's introduction of Christianity to the Philippines led to the conversion of Raha Humabon and his followers, marking the beginning of the religion's spread in the region.
⚓️ The Battle of Mactan on April 27, 1521, was a pivotal moment where Magellan was killed by a poisoned arrow, ending his personal journey but not the expedition's impact.
🌍 Only the Victoria ship returned to Spain, completing the first circumnavigation of the Earth, which significantly expanded European geographical knowledge and trade routes.

Q & A

Who was Ferdinand Magellan?
-Ferdinand Magellan, also known as Fernão de Magalhães, was a Portuguese explorer who is best known for his expedition that resulted in the first circumnavigation of the Earth.
What was the purpose of Magellan's expedition?
-The purpose of Magellan's expedition was to find a westward route to the Spice Islands, which were known for their valuable spices, and to expand the geographical knowledge of Europe.
How many ships were in Magellan's fleet?
-Magellan's fleet consisted of five galleon ships: Trinidad, San Antonio, Concepción, Victoria, and Santiago.
What was the name of the strait that Magellan discovered?
-The strait that Magellan discovered and is now named after him is the Strait of Magellan.
Why was the Pacific Ocean named 'Mar Pacifico' by Magellan?
-Magellan named the Pacific Ocean 'Mar Pacifico' because of its calm and peaceful appearance compared to the Atlantic Ocean, which they had previously traversed.
What happened to the Santiago during the expedition?
-The Santiago was wrecked while leaving the San Julian port, and its crew had to be taken aboard the other ships.
What was the outcome of the Battle of Mactan?
-In the Battle of Mactan, Magellan was killed by a poisoned arrow after his forces clashed with the warriors of Datu Lapu-Lapu, the chieftain of Mactan Island.
Which ship from Magellan's fleet successfully returned to Spain?
-The Victoria was the only ship from Magellan's fleet that successfully returned to Spain after the expedition.
What was the significance of Magellan's introduction of Christianity to the Philippines?
-Magellan's introduction of Christianity to the Philippines marked the beginning of the spread of the religion in the region, and it has had a lasting impact on the culture and religious practices of the country.
How did Magellan's expedition contribute to the history of navigation?
-Magellan's expedition is considered one of the greatest feats in the history of navigation because it provided a new route to the Spice Islands, expanded geographical knowledge, and demonstrated the possibility of circumnavigating the Earth.

Outlines

00:00

🚢 Ferdinand Magellan's Expedition

King Charles of Spain approved Ferdinand Magellan's proposal for a grand sea expedition. Magellan, aboard the Trinidad, led a fleet of five galleon ships to find the Spice Islands. The journey was fraught with hardships, including rationed food and water, leading to low morale among the crew. Despite facing an uprising among some of the ship commanders, Magellan remained committed to his quest. After enduring the treacherous Strait of Magellan, the fleet entered the Pacific Ocean, which Magellan named 'Mar Pacifico' due to its calmness. The journey continued with stops at Guam and the Philippine Archipelago, where Magellan and his crew were welcomed warmly by the local tribes.

05:00

🏰 Spreading Christianity and the Battle of Mactan

Upon reaching Cebu, Magellan introduced Christianity to the local chief, Raha Humabun, and his people, leading to their conversion and baptism. This marked the beginning of Christianity in Cebu. Magellan's cross was planted on March 17, 1521, symbolizing the triumph of the new faith. Magellan then sought to extend Christianity to nearby islands, including Mactan. However, Datu Lapulapu of Mactan resisted, leading to the Battle of Mactan on April 27, 1521. Despite Magellan's superior weaponry, he was killed in the battle by a poisoned arrow. Only the Victoria returned to Spain in September 1522, carrying spices and marking the end of Magellan's life but the beginning of a new era in European exploration and the spread of Christianity in the Philippines.

Mindmap

Keywords

💡Ferdinand Magellan

Ferdinand Magellan was a Portuguese explorer who is best known for his expedition that resulted in the first circumnavigation of the Earth, although he himself did not complete the entire voyage. In the video, Magellan is depicted as a visionary leader who commanded a fleet of ships in search of a westward route to the Spice Islands. His name is synonymous with the historic achievement of connecting the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans through the strait that now bears his name.

💡Galleon Ships

Galleon ships were large, multi-decked sailing vessels used by European powers from the 16th to the 18th centuries for warfare and trade. In the context of the video, Magellan's fleet consisted of five galleon ships, including the Trinidad, which he commanded, and others like the San Antonio, Concepcion, Victoria, and Santiago. These ships were crucial to the success of the expedition, as they carried the crew and supplies necessary for the long and arduous journey.

💡Strait of Magellan

The Strait of Magellan is a navigable sea passage in southern Chile that connects the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean. It is an essential part of the video's narrative as it represents a significant geographical discovery made by Magellan's expedition. The strait allowed European ships to avoid the long and dangerous voyage around the southern tip of Africa to reach the Pacific, thus opening up new trade routes and influencing global exploration.

💡Pacific Ocean

The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest ocean on Earth, and it plays a central role in the video as the destination of Magellan's westward voyage. Upon entering the Pacific, Magellan named it 'Mar Pacifico', which translates to 'peaceful sea', due to its calm waters compared to the turbulent Atlantic. The Pacific Ocean was a key objective for Magellan's expedition, as it was believed to be a direct route to the Spice Islands.

💡Cebu

Cebu is an island in the Philippines that was one of the first areas in the country to be introduced to Christianity by Magellan during his voyage. In the video, Cebu is highlighted as the place where Magellan and his crew were warmly welcomed by the local chief, Rajah Humabon. This interaction led to the conversion of Humabon and his people to Christianity, marking a significant cultural and religious impact of the expedition.

💡Christianity

Christianity is a major world religion that played a role in the video as Magellan and his crew sought to spread it to the indigenous populations they encountered. The conversion of Rajah Humabon and his followers in Cebu symbolizes the religious aspect of the European exploration and colonization efforts, which often involved the imposition of Christian beliefs on native cultures.

💡Battle of Mactan

The Battle of Mactan was a significant conflict during Magellan's voyage, where his forces attempted to impose Spanish authority over the island of Mactan. The battle resulted in Magellan's death, as depicted in the video, and it illustrates the resistance of indigenous peoples to foreign domination. This event is a poignant moment in the video, showcasing the human cost of exploration and the clash of cultures.

💡Spices

Spices were highly valued commodities in the 16th century, driving much of the exploration and trade during that era. In the video, the cargo of spices that the Victoria brought back to Spain after Magellan's death represents the economic motivation behind the expedition. The search for a direct and efficient route to the Spice Islands was a key factor in the push for global exploration.

💡Circumnavigation

Circumnavigation refers to the act of traveling completely around an object, in this case, the Earth. The video highlights the historic significance of Magellan's expedition as one of the first attempts at circumnavigating the globe. Although Magellan himself did not complete the journey, his expedition set the stage for future voyages that would fully encircle the planet.

💡European Exploration

European Exploration refers to the period from the 15th to the 17th centuries when European nations sought to discover new trade routes, lands, and cultures. The video's narrative is a part of this broader historical context, as Magellan's voyage was driven by the desire to find a westward route to Asia and to expand geographical knowledge. This exploration era had profound impacts on global trade, cultural exchange, and the colonization of many parts of the world.

Highlights

King Charles of Spain approved Ferdinand Magellan's proposal for a great sea expedition.

A fleet of five galleon ships was prepared for the voyage to find the Spice Islands.

Ferdinand Magellan's excitement for his dream sea adventure was palpable as the voyage began.

Magellan boarded the Trinidad to lead a fleet of five galleon ships on the west route of Europe.

The fleet included the San Antonio, Conception, Victoria, and Santiago, each commanded by different captains.

In September 1519, Magellan's fleet set sail from San Diego, Spain, crossing the Atlantic Ocean.

The fleet faced hardships, including rationed food and water, leading to low morale among the crew.

After reaching the port of Saint Julia, an uprising led by three galleon ship commanders occurred.

Magellan concluded that only the Santiago and Trinidad were loyal, as the Santiago was wrecked leaving San Julian port.

On October 21, 1520, Magellan's fleet entered the Strait of Magellan, which he had been seeking.

The commander of the San Antonio decided to return to Spain, leaving three ships to reach the Pacific Ocean.

Upon entering the Pacific Ocean, Magellan named it 'Mar Pacifico' due to its calmness.

In March 1521, the fleet reached Guam, where they replenished their food supplies.

Magellan's fleet landed on Cebu, where they were warmly welcomed by the local chief, Raha Humabon.

Magellan introduced Christianity and convinced the locals to convert, marking the birth of Christianity in Cebu.

On March 17, 1521, Magellan planted the famous Magellan's Cross, symbolizing the triumph of Christianity in Cebu.

Magellan's attempt to spread Christianity to other islands led to a rivalry with the chieftain of Mactan Island.

The Battle of Mactan on April 27, 1521, resulted in Magellan's death after being hit by a poisonous arrow.

Despite Magellan's death, the Victoria successfully returned to Spain in September 1522 with a cargo of spices.

Magellan's expedition provided another route to the Spice Islands and expanded European geographical knowledge.

Magellan's journey is considered one of the greatest feats in the history of navigation.