How To Automate Your Literature Review ETHICALLY Using ChatGPT (Prof. David Stuckler)

Professor David Stuckler demonstrates how to ethically automate literature reviews using AI, specifically ChatGPT. He emphasizes the importance of starting with a clear research question and using AI to generate a structured outline. Stuckler then guides viewers through developing a search strategy, using Google Scholar to find relevant articles, and employing the STRIP method to extract key information without plagiarizing. He also introduces the PIER writing system (Point, Evidence, Repeat) to create a first draft and subsequently uses ChatGPT for editing, ensuring academic tone and clear writing. Stuckler advocates for free tools like Zotero and Google Scholar and encourages ethical use of AI to augment, not replace, human effort in research.

Takeaways

• 📚 Use Chat GPT ethically to automate literature reviews without plagiarizing or breaking academic rules.
• 🔍 Start by defining a clear research question with boundaries to guide your literature search.
• 🛠️ Use Chat GPT to generate a structured outline and potential themes for your literature review.
• 🔄 Invert the traditional process: develop an outline first, then conduct a targeted search for literature.
• 🔬 Employ the STRIP method for forensic searches on each outline theme using Google Scholar.
• 📝 Save articles to a reference manager like Zotero for organized citation and to avoid plagiarism.
• 📈 Aim for saturation in your literature search, which typically involves reviewing 5-10 articles per outline point.
• 💡 The PIER method (Point, Evidence, Repeat) is a structured approach to writing well-composed paragraphs.
• ✍️ After drafting with PIER, use Chat GPT to edit your work for an academic tone and clear, succinct writing style.
• 🌟 Commit to using free tools like Google Scholar and Zotero to promote open access and reduce barriers in research.
• ⚖️ Maintain academic integrity by conducting your own research and using AI as a tool to enhance, not replace, your work.
• 🚀 Embrace AI as a tool to supercharge your research process, but always ensure you understand and master the basics first.

Q & A

What is the main focus of the video?

The video focuses on how to automate a literature review ethically using ChatGPT while avoiding plagiarism and adhering to academic standards.

Why is it important to define a clear research question?

Defining a clear research question is important because it provides boundaries and parameters for the literature review, preventing the researcher from getting lost and ensuring a focused and manageable scope of work.

How does ChatGPT assist in developing a literature review outline?

ChatGPT assists by generating a structured outline with potential themes, which serves as a starting point for the literature review and helps focus the search for relevant literature.

What is the recommended starting point for developing a search strategy?

The recommended starting point is to use Google Scholar for targeted forensic searches on each of the outline themes to find relevant literature.

Why is it necessary to use a reference manager like Zotero?

A reference manager like Zotero is necessary to organize and save articles, ensuring proper citation and avoiding plagiarism by keeping track of sources.

What is the STRIP method mentioned in the video?

The STRIP method is a technique for extracting key information from articles, which involves systematically going through each article and pulling out relevant points to fit into different sections of the literature review.

What is the PIER system for writing well?

The PIER system is a writing framework where P stands for Point, I for Evidence, E for Explanation, and R for Repeating or linking sentence. It helps structure paragraphs effectively in academic writing.

How does ChatGPT help in the editing process?

ChatGPT helps in the editing process by taking a draft paragraph and refining it for an academic tone with clear and succinct writing, which saves time and improves the quality of the final document.

Why is it crucial to avoid plagiarism when automating a literature review?

Avoiding plagiarism is crucial to maintain academic integrity and adhere to the ethical standards of research. It ensures that the work is original and respects the intellectual property of others.

What is the role of ChatGPT in enhancing the power of a researcher?

ChatGPT lowers the barrier to entry for literature review by providing a framework and tools that speed up the process, allowing researchers to focus on the unique value they can contribute to their research.

How does the video suggest overcoming the challenges of starting a literature review?

The video suggests using ChatGPT to create an outline, then using Google Scholar and Zotero to find and manage literature, and finally employing the PIER system and ChatGPT for editing to overcome the initial hurdles of a literature review.

Outlines

00:00

📚 Ethical Automation of Literature Review with AI

Professor Davis introduces the topic of automating literature reviews using AI, specifically Chat GPT, in an ethical manner. He emphasizes the importance of not plagiarizing and adhering to academic integrity. The video aims to guide students and researchers on how to use AI to enhance their literature review process efficiently and effectively, without violating any rules or ethical standards.

05:01

🔍 Developing a Research Question and Search Strategy

The speaker outlines the first stage of writing a literature review, which is defining a clear research question with boundaries. Using Chat GPT, potential research questions are generated. The video then suggests inverting the traditional process by developing an outline and structure before conducting a literature search. Chat GPT is used to create an initial outline that can be refined later. The speaker also recommends using Google Scholar for targeted searches and introduces the STRIP method for avoiding plagiarism.

10:02

📝 Writing and Editing with Chat GPT

The paragraph discusses the fourth critical step in writing a literature review, which involves editing. The speaker introduces a writing formula called PIER (Point, Evidence, Repeat) to structure paragraphs effectively. After drafting a paragraph using the PIER system, Chat GPT is employed to refine the academic tone and writing style. The video highlights the importance of using simple language and letting data speak for themselves, and it also shows how Chat GPT can save time, especially for non-native English speakers.

15:03

🚀 Overcoming the Literature Review Hurdle

The speaker concludes with a success story of a student who, after failing to complete a literature review three times, used Chat GPT to complete it within a week. The video emphasizes the transformative effect of overcoming the literature review hurdle and how it can unlock further progress in research. The speaker encourages viewers to use AI responsibly to stay competitive and invites them to join a Facebook group for further collaboration and support.

Keywords

Automate

To automate refers to the process of making a task, system, or process operate automatically with minimal human intervention. In the context of the video, it means using AI tools like ChatGPT to streamline the literature review process without compromising on ethical standards.

Literature Review

A literature review is a comprehensive evaluation of existing research on a particular topic. It is a critical piece of academic writing that surveys books, scholarly articles, and other sources relevant to a particular issue, area of research, or theory, and discusses research in a particular field. In the video, the literature review is the central task that the presenter aims to automate ethically.

Ethically

Ethically refers to conducting actions or procedures in a manner that adheres to moral principles and professional standards. In the video, the emphasis on ethical use of AI tools like ChatGPT is to ensure that the literature review is conducted without plagiarism and in compliance with academic integrity.

ChatGPT

ChatGPT is an AI language model that can generate human-like text based on prompts. In the video, it is used to assist in automating the literature review process by generating research questions, outlines, and assisting with editing, all while maintaining ethical standards.

Research Question

A research question is a specific query formulated to guide and frame a research study. It is a critical component of the literature review process as it helps to define the scope and direction of the research. The video discusses how ChatGPT can assist in formulating a clear and focused research question.

Search Strategy

A search strategy in the context of a literature review is a systematic approach to finding and retrieving literature on a specific topic. The video suggests using ChatGPT to develop an outline before conducting a search strategy, which is an inversion of the traditional process.

Google Scholar

Google Scholar is a freely accessible web search engine that indexes the full text or metadata of scholarly literature across an array of publishing formats and disciplines. In the video, it is recommended as a starting point for conducting targeted searches for literature relevant to the research question.

Zotero

Zotero is a free, open-source reference management software that helps scholars collect, organize, cite, and share research sources. The video emphasizes the importance of using Zotero for managing the literature found during the search strategy to avoid plagiarism.

Plagiarism

Plagiarism is the act of using another person's work or ideas without giving proper credit, which is considered unethical and is often against academic rules. The video stresses the importance of avoiding plagiarism by properly citing sources and using AI tools responsibly.

STRIP Method

The STRIP method is a technique mentioned in the video for conducting a forensic search and extracting relevant information from articles to include in the literature review. It is a systematic approach to ensure that the literature review is thorough and avoids plagiarism.

Open Access

Open access refers to the practice of providing unrestricted access via the Internet to peer-reviewed scholarly research. The video promotes the use of open access resources like Google Scholar and Zotero to facilitate high-quality research without financial barriers.

Editing

Editing is the process of reviewing and revising written material to improve its clarity, coherence, and correctness. In the video, the presenter discusses using ChatGPT to edit the literature review in an academic tone, which saves time and enhances the quality of writing.

Highlights

Professor David Stuckler demonstrates how to use Chat GPT to automate literature review ethically.

The importance of understanding that using AI tools like Chat GPT can feel like cheating but can be done ethically.

Guidelines on how to avoid plagiarism and adhere to university and publishing rules when using AI for literature review.

The four stages of writing a literature review: defining a research question, developing a search strategy, creating an outline, and writing and editing.

Turning a broad topic into a clear research question with defined boundaries to prevent getting lost during research.

Using Chat GPT to generate a list of potential research questions related to the chosen topic.

Inverting the traditional order of literature review writing by developing an outline before conducting a literature search.

Creating a structured outline with potential themes using Chat GPT to guide the literature search.

The necessity of using a reference manager like Zotero for organizing and citing literature.

Conducting targeted searches on Google Scholar using outline themes to find relevant literature.

The STRIP method for extracting key information from articles to populate the literature review outline.

The concept of reaching saturation in literature search, indicating that all relevant literature has been identified.

Commitment to free tools and open access for high-quality research, reducing barriers for researchers worldwide.

The PIER writing system (Point, Evidence, Repeat) for structuring academic paragraphs effectively.

Editing the first draft using Chat GPT to refine the academic tone and writing style, while ensuring original work is maintained.

The transformative effect of completing the literature review on unlocking the flow of subsequent research chapters.

The potential of AI to surpass human abilities and the importance of learning to coexist and use these tools ethically.

The competitive advantage of using AI tools like Chat GPT in academic research and the importance of keeping up with these advancements.