Articulações: Sinartroses, Anfiartroses e Sinoviais - Classificação e movimentos - VideoAula 035

Summary

In this lesson, Roger provides a thorough explanation of joint classification in human anatomy, focusing on the types of joints based on their structure and movement. He discusses three main categories: synarthrosis (fibrous joints), which allow no movement; amphiarthrosis (cartilaginous joints), which permit limited movement; and diarthrosis (synovial joints), which allow extensive movement. The video further explores the subtypes of each joint category, emphasizing their functional importance. Roger wraps up the lesson with a call to action for viewers to subscribe and engage with the content.

Takeaways

• 😀 Sinarthrosis (Synarthrosis) joints are united by fibrous tissue and do not allow any movement. Examples include sutures in the skull and syndesmoses in the forearm and shin bones.
• 😀 Amphiarthrosis joints are united by cartilage or fibrocartilage, allowing slight movement. Examples include the costal cartilage between the ribs and sternum and the intervertebral discs.
• 😀 Diarthrosis (Synovial) joints are the most complex and allow a wide range of movement, thanks to a synovial capsule and fluid. They are found in the limbs and vertebral column.
• 😀 There are three main types of joints based on the tissue uniting the bones: fibrous tissue in synarthrosis, cartilage or fibrocartilage in amphiarthrosis, and a synovial capsule in diarthrosis.
• 😀 Sinarthrosis joints prevent movement and are mainly found in the skull (sutural joints) and between bones like the tibia and fibula (syndesmoses).
• 😀 Amphiarthrosis joints allow limited movement and are found where cartilage or fibrocartilage unites the bones, such as between the pubic bones (pubic symphysis) and between vertebrae.
• 😀 Diarthrosis joints are divided into six categories based on the shape of the joint, including ball-and-socket, hinge, pivot, ellipsoid, saddle, and gliding joints.
• 😀 Diarthrosis joints allow for more complex movements like rotation (pivot joints), bending (hinge joints), and gliding (planar joints).
• 😀 Synovial joints are characterized by the presence of synovial fluid, which acts as a lubricant, enabling smooth movement between the bones.
• 😀 The main difference between synarthrosis, amphiarthrosis, and diarthrosis is the type of tissue that connects the bones and the degree of movement permitted between the bones.

Q & A

What are the main ways to classify joints according to the script?

Joints are classified based on two key factors: the tissue that connects the bones and the movements allowed by the joint. The main classifications are Sinarthrosis, Amphiarthrosis, and Diarthrosis (also known as Synovial).

What type of tissue connects the bones in Sinarthrosis?

In Sinarthrosis, the bones are connected by fibrous tissue, which is rigid and does not allow movement between the bones.

What is the role of fibrous tissue in Sinarthrosis?

The fibrous tissue in Sinarthrosis prevents the separation of the bones, providing stability and rigidity, thus not allowing movement.

How do Amphiarthroses differ from Sinarthroses in terms of their connective tissue?

Amphiarthroses are connected by cartilage or fibrocartilage, unlike Sinarthroses which are connected by fibrous tissue. This allows for limited movement in Amphiarthroses.

Where can you find Amphiarthroses in the body?

Examples of Amphiarthroses include the joints between the ribs and the sternum (cartilaginous), and the pubic symphysis and intervertebral discs (fibrocartilaginous).

What is the distinguishing feature of Diarthroses (Synovial joints)?

Diarthroses are characterized by a synovial capsule that surrounds the joint, containing synovial fluid, which lubricates the joint and allows for a wide range of movements.

How does synovial fluid contribute to the movement in Diarthroses?

Synovial fluid acts as a lubricant within the joint, reducing friction and allowing for smooth, unrestricted movement.

What is the difference between the movement allowed in Sinarthroses, Amphiarthroses, and Diarthroses?

Sinarthroses do not allow any movement due to the rigid fibrous connection. Amphiarthroses allow limited movement because of the cartilaginous or fibrocartilaginous connection. Diarthroses, however, allow extensive movement due to the presence of synovial fluid and the joint's structural complexity.

What are the six types of Diarthroses based on their shape?

The six types of Diarthroses based on their shape are: Spheroidal (ball-and-socket), Trochoidal (pivot), Ginglymus (hinge), Ellipsoid (elliptical), Sellar (saddle), and Plana (flat).

What is the purpose of sutures in Sinarthroses, and where can they be found?

Sutures are fibrous joints found in the skull, where the bones are tightly connected to prevent separation. These are a type of Sinarthrosis, and they are essential for maintaining the integrity of the skull.