Die Position von Reflexivpronomen einfach erklärt (Deutsch B1/B2)

Summary

This video provides a comprehensive guide to understanding reflexive pronouns in German. It explains when and how to use reflexive pronouns in sentences, focusing on the positioning of the subject and reflexive pronouns. The video covers important rules for placing reflexive pronouns directly after the verb, and outlines the differences when the subject is a noun, name, or personal pronoun. Through various examples, viewers learn how the placement of reflexive pronouns changes in different sentence structures, including with reflexive verbs and in indirect speech or questions. The tutorial helps clarify common mistakes and reinforces key grammar points.

Takeaways

• 😀 Reflexive pronouns are used when the action reflects back on the subject, like in the sentence 'Max washes himself.'
• 😀 Reflexive pronouns must follow specific rules based on the subject's position and form in the sentence.
• 😀 Reflexive pronouns are different for nominative and accusative/dative cases, e.g., 'ich' (I) uses 'mich' in the accusative and 'mir' in the dative.
• 😀 The reflexive pronouns for different personal pronouns are: 'ich' (mich, mir), 'du' (dich, dir), 'er/sie/es' (sich), 'wir' (uns), and 'sie' (sich).
• 😀 When the subject is at the beginning of the sentence and is a noun or name, the reflexive pronoun comes directly after the verb.
• 😀 If the subject is a personal pronoun, the reflexive pronoun must always come after the subject, like 'Er wäscht sich die Hände.'
• 😀 Reflexive pronouns can either come before or after the subject if the subject is a noun or name, e.g., 'Max wäscht sich die Hände' or 'Max sich wäscht die Hände.'
• 😀 Reflexive pronouns cannot be placed in incorrect positions, such as before the conjugated verb, as in 'Max sich bedankt bei der Lehrerin.' This is incorrect.
• 😀 In indirect speech or subordinate clauses, reflexive pronouns follow the subject and come after the verb, such as 'Ich weiß, dass Max sich wäscht.'
• 😀 A key rule: if the subject is a personal pronoun, the reflexive pronoun must always come after the subject in any context, like in questions and subordinate clauses.

Q & A

What are reflexive pronouns in German?

Reflexive pronouns in German are pronouns that refer back to the subject of the sentence. They are used when the subject performs an action that affects itself. For example: 'Ich freue mich' (I am happy).

Can you list the reflexive pronouns in German for the accusative case?

The reflexive pronouns in the accusative case are: 'mich' (me), 'dich' (you), 'sich' (him/her/it), 'uns' (us), 'euch' (you, plural), and 'sich' (them).

When do you use reflexive pronouns in German?

You use reflexive pronouns in German when using reflexive verbs or when an action refers back to the subject. For example, in 'Er wäscht sich' (He washes himself), 'wäscht' is a reflexive verb.

What is the difference between reflexive pronouns in the accusative and dative cases in German?

In the accusative case, reflexive pronouns are 'mich', 'dich', 'sich', 'uns', 'euch', and 'sich'. In the dative case, the reflexive pronouns are 'mir' (me), 'dir' (you), 'sich' (him/her/it), 'uns' (us), 'euch' (you, plural), and 'sich' (them).

What is the rule for positioning reflexive pronouns when the subject is in the first position in a sentence?

When the subject is in the first position in a sentence, the reflexive pronoun always follows directly after the conjugated verb, regardless of whether the subject is a noun or pronoun.

Is it possible to place the reflexive pronoun in a different position when the subject is at the beginning of the sentence?

No, when the subject is at the beginning of the sentence, the reflexive pronoun must come directly after the conjugated verb. Placing it in any other position would result in an incorrect sentence.

What happens when the subject is not in the first position of the sentence?

When the subject is not in the first position, the reflexive pronoun can either come before or after the subject if the subject is a noun. However, if the subject is a pronoun, the reflexive pronoun must always come after the subject.

What is the correct order of reflexive pronouns in sentences with nouns versus pronouns?

If the subject is a noun, the reflexive pronoun can appear either before or after the noun. If the subject is a pronoun, the reflexive pronoun must always follow the pronoun.

Can reflexive pronouns be placed before the verb in any cases?

No, reflexive pronouns cannot be placed before the conjugated verb when the subject is at the beginning of the sentence. They always follow the verb in this situation.

How do reflexive pronouns work in subordinate clauses in German?

In subordinate clauses, reflexive pronouns are also used according to the same rules. If the subject is a noun, the reflexive pronoun can come before or after the noun, but if the subject is a pronoun, the reflexive pronoun must follow the pronoun.