Refletindo sobre o papel do educador na inclusão Danielle

Summary

This video lecture, led by Professor Dani Santos from the University of Oeste Paulista (Unoeste), delves into the role of educators in fostering inclusion. It traces the history of how human societies have understood and handled differences, from primitive societies to modern-day structures. Through historical and philosophical insights, the video emphasizes the need for a shift in perspective, highlighting the importance of viewing differences as integral to human development rather than as deficits. The ultimate goal is to develop inclusive educational environments that celebrate diversity, challenge societal norms, and ensure equitable opportunities for all learners.

Takeaways

• 😀 The role of educators in inclusion is crucial and requires understanding the historical development of how differences have been perceived in societies.
• 😀 In primitive societies, individuals with disabilities were often excluded or even exterminated due to survival needs, highlighting early exclusionary practices.
• 😀 The ancient Greek paradigms, such as the Spartan focus on physical perfection, and the Athenian division between free men and slaves, also contributed to exclusionary ideologies.
• 😀 Christianity, during the Middle Ages, viewed disability as a sin or punishment, leading to practices like the Inquisition and the use of people with disabilities as instruments for charitable acts.
• 😀 The rise of liberalism in the 18th and 19th centuries marked a shift towards efficiency and science, where disability was framed as an inefficiency or inability to perform, further entrenching exclusion.
• 😀 The emergence of scientific theories of learning, such as John Locke's empiricist theory, placed limits on learning categories, defining those who didn't meet 'normal' standards as incapable and reinforcing exclusion.
• 😀 The concept of 'normality' has historically been linked to a standard of physical appearance, race, gender, and sexuality, creating a societal ideal that marginalized those who did not conform.
• 😀 Modern societal movements continue to challenge this etnocentric ideal, with issues like gender and racial equality, showing that exclusion based on difference still exists today.
• 😀 Inclusion is a process, and as educators, it's important to recognize that the system should be designed to accommodate everyone’s differences, not just follow a standard model.
• 😀 True inclusion in education involves identifying and removing barriers to learning, and ensuring equal opportunities for all students, especially those at risk of marginalization.

Q & A

What is the main topic of the video?

The video discusses the role of educators in inclusion, focusing on the use of LEGO Brile Bricks to facilitate educational practices for inclusion.

How does the video approach the history of inclusion?

The video traces the concept of inclusion from primitive societies, through the Greek paradigm, the influence of Christianity, to the modern-day understanding of disabilities, explaining how societal views have evolved over time.

What examples from history are used to demonstrate exclusion?

The video uses examples from primitive societies, such as the story in the movie 'Alpha' where a boy with a disability was excluded from the clan, and from the series 'Dinosaurs,' where the elderly were discarded when they were deemed no longer useful.

How does the Greek model of society contribute to the understanding of inclusion?

The Greek model, particularly the Spartan and Athenian paradigms, highlights the emphasis on physical perfection and intelligence, leading to the exclusion of those deemed 'imperfect' in body or mind.

What role did Christianity play in the historical view of disabilities?

In the Christian paradigm, disability was often seen as a sin or punishment for past lives, and people with disabilities were marginalized, with some even being subjected to the Inquisition or used for charitable acts.

How did the rise of liberalism in the 18th and 19th centuries affect the perception of disability?

Liberalism brought about a shift towards efficiency and productivity in society, leading to the belief that people with disabilities were 'inefficient' and couldn't contribute to the labor force, further marginalizing them.

What is the concept of 'normality' and how does it relate to disability?

Normality is a social construct where people who don't meet specific societal standards of ability are considered 'abnormal' or 'impaired.' The video argues that this concept of normality excludes those who don't fit the mold, including those with disabilities.

What is the concept of inclusion, and how does it differ from integration?

Inclusion is a process where differences are embraced and all individuals are given equal opportunities to participate and succeed. Integration, by contrast, is simply about making spaces accessible without necessarily supporting the full participation of individuals with disabilities.

How does the video suggest overcoming barriers to inclusion?

The video suggests that educators must identify and remove barriers to learning by considering the individual needs of students and adopting practices that support diverse learning styles and abilities.

What does the video say about the role of educators in the inclusion process?

Educators play a critical role in fostering an inclusive environment by not only removing barriers but also ensuring the presence, participation, and success of all students, particularly those at risk of marginalization.