(SEJARAH) Terbentuknya NKRI Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia

Summary

The script outlines the historical context of Indonesia's formation as a nation. During the final stages of World War II, Japan, weakened by its losses, promised Indonesia independence in an effort to gain their support against the Allies. This led to the creation of BPUPKI in 1945, tasked with drafting the country's foundation. Following BPUPKI's dissolution, PPKI continued the work, leading to the establishment of Indonesia’s independence with key decisions made in August 1945. The Indonesian state was declared, with Soekarno as president, and steps were taken to form the country’s government and national institutions.

Takeaways

• 😀 The formation of the Republic of Indonesia began during the end of the Pacific War when Japan's power weakened.
• 😀 Japan, facing defeat, promised Indonesia independence to maintain their support in the fight against the Allies.
• 😀 This promise was officially made by Japanese Prime Minister Kaiso on September 7, 1945, in front of the Japanese Parliament.
• 😀 To implement this, Japan established the BPUPKI (Dokuritsu Junbi Cosakai) on March 1, 1945, chaired by Dr. Radjiman Widyodiningrat.
• 😀 The BPUPKI held its first session from May 29 to June 1, 1945, discussing the foundation of Indonesia's state.
• 😀 Key figures like Muhammad Yamin, Mr. Soepomo, and Soekarno contributed to the discussions during BPUPKI's sessions.
• 😀 The second BPUPKI session, from July 10 to 16, 1945, resulted in the decision that Indonesia would be a unitary republic.
• 😀 On July 11, 1945, the committee drafted the Jakarta Charter as the preamble to the Indonesian constitution.
• 😀 After the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Japan's situation worsened, leading to the formation of PPKI (Dokuritsu Junbi Inkai) on August 7, 1945.
• 😀 PPKI held three sessions on August 18, 19, and 22, 1945, finalizing critical decisions like confirming the 1945 Constitution, electing Soekarno as President, and Hatta as Vice President.

Q & A

What was Japan's situation towards the end of the Pacific War?

By the end of the Pacific War, Japan's power was weakening, and they were at risk of being defeated by the Allies.

What promise did Japan make to Indonesia during the war?

Japan promised Indonesia independence in order to maintain support from the Indonesian people as they faced the Allies.

When did Prime Minister Kaiso announce Japan's promise of independence to Indonesia?

Prime Minister Kaiso announced Japan's promise of independence to Indonesia on September 7, 1945, during a session of the Japanese parliament.

What was the purpose of the Dokuritsu Junbi Cosakai (BPUPKI) formed by Japan?

The BPUPKI was formed to prepare for Indonesia's independence and to assist Japan in handling the ongoing war with the Allies.

Who was the chairman of BPUPKI?

Dr. Radjiman Widyodiningrat was the chairman of the BPUPKI.

What was discussed during the first BPUPKI meeting held between May 29 and June 1, 1945?

The first BPUPKI meeting focused on discussions about Indonesia's state foundation, with contributions from figures such as Muhammad Yamin, Mr. Soepomo, and Soekarno.

What was the outcome of the second BPUPKI meeting in July 1945?

The second BPUPKI meeting held from July 10-16, 1945, resulted in the agreement that Indonesia would be a unitary republic.

What document did the PPKI ratify on August 18, 1945?

On August 18, 1945, the PPKI ratified the 1945 Constitution of Indonesia, appointed Soekarno as president, and Mohammad Hatta as vice president.

What was the significance of the bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki in relation to Indonesian independence?

The bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki in August 1945 critically weakened Japan, contributing to the urgency of Indonesia's independence preparations.

What were the main outcomes of the PPKI's meetings on August 18, 19, and 22, 1945?

The PPKI's meetings led to the ratification of the 1945 Constitution, the establishment of Indonesia's provinces, the formation of key government bodies, and the creation of the People's Security Agency (BKR).