Medical Terminology Signs and Symptoms and Pathology of the Eyes
Summary
TLDRThis medical video by Dr. A discusses the signs, symptoms, and pathologies related to the eye. It covers a wide range of conditions including drooping eyelids (blepharoptosis), double vision (diplopia), night blindness (nyctalopia), and age-related vision changes (presbyopia). The video also highlights common eye pathologies such as cataracts, glaucoma, and macular degeneration, explaining their causes and effects on vision. Additionally, it explores infections like conjunctivitis (pink eye) and more serious conditions like retinal detachment and retinoblastoma, providing valuable insight into various eye disorders.
Takeaways
- 👁️ Blepharoptosis is a drooping eyelid, while cycloplegia refers to the paralysis of the ciliary body.
- 👁️ Nyctalopia is night blindness, and presbyopia involves vision changes due to aging.
- 🧠 Amblyopia, also called lazy eye, is a loss of vision not caused by eye pathology.
- 👓 Hyperopia (farsightedness) means trouble seeing up close, while myopia (nearsightedness) is difficulty seeing far away.
- ⚠️ Glaucoma is increased intraocular pressure that can lead to blindness, while cataracts cause a cloudy lens and diminished vision.
- 🔴 Retinal detachment is the separation of the retina, which can cause blindness, while retinitis pigmentosa is a progressive disease leading to retinal hardening.
- 🦠 Conjunctivitis (pink eye) is an inflammation of the conjunctiva, often due to bacterial infection.
- 💧 Dacryoadenitis and dacryocystitis involve inflammation of the lacrimal gland and sac, respectively.
- 👀 Estropia (cross-eyed) and exotropia (wall-eyed) are forms of strabismus, where the eyes turn inward or outward.
- 🧠 Hemianopia is the loss of vision in half of the visual field, often following a stroke, and nystagmus involves involuntary jerky eye movements.
Q & A
What is blepharoptosis?
-Blepharoptosis is the drooping of the eyelid.
What does cycloplegia refer to?
-Cycloplegia refers to the paralysis of the ciliary body.
What is the condition of double vision called?
-Double vision is known as diplopia.
What is emmetropia?
-Emmetropia is a state of normal vision.
What is the cause of night blindness, and what is its medical term?
-Night blindness is caused by difficulty seeing in dim light, and it is medically referred to as nyctalopia.
What is ophthalmoplegia?
-Ophthalmoplegia is the paralysis of one or more of the extraocular eye muscles.
What is the difference between hyperopia and myopia?
-Hyperopia, or farsightedness, is when a person can see distant objects clearly but has difficulty seeing up close, whereas myopia, or nearsightedness, is when a person can see close objects clearly but has difficulty seeing distant objects.
What does glaucoma cause, and what are its potential consequences?
-Glaucoma causes increased intraocular pressure, which can result in optic nerve atrophy and lead to blindness.
What is amblyopia, and how is it commonly referred to?
-Amblyopia is a loss of vision not due to eye pathology, and it is commonly referred to as a lazy eye.
What is the significance of a cataract in vision?
-A cataract is the development of an opaque or cloudy lens, which results in diminished vision.
What is retinoblastoma, and who does it affect?
-Retinoblastoma is a malignant eye tumor that occurs in children.
What is conjunctivitis, and what is its common name?
-Conjunctivitis is inflammation of the conjunctiva, usually caused by a bacterial infection, and it is commonly known as pink eye.
What is strabismus, and what are its different types?
-Strabismus is an eye muscle weakness resulting in eyes looking in different directions simultaneously. Esotropia is inward turning (cross-eyed), and exotropia is outward turning (wall-eyed).
What is macular degeneration, and which part of the eye does it affect?
-Macular degeneration is the deterioration of the macular area of the retina, which is responsible for central vision.
What does retinal detachment result in, and how does it occur?
-Retinal detachment is the separation of the retina from the choroid layer, damaging blood vessels and nerves, which can result in blindness. It can occur from trauma, such as a blow to the head.
What is photophobia?
-Photophobia is a strong sensitivity to bright light.
What is the condition where there is loss of vision in half of the visual field?
-Hemianopia is the loss of vision in half of the visual field, often resulting from a stroke.
Outlines
👁️ Signs, Symptoms, and Pathologies of the Eye
The first paragraph introduces various medical terminologies related to eye conditions, focusing on signs and symptoms. Terms like *blepharoptosis* (drooping eyelid), *cycloplegia* (paralysis of the ciliary body), *diplopia* (double vision), and *emmetropia* (normal vision) are explained. Additional conditions such as *nyctalopia* (night blindness), *photophobia* (light sensitivity), and *presbyopia* (age-related vision changes) are discussed. Eye-related pain and paralysis conditions like *ophthalmalgia* (eye pain) and *ophthalmoplegia* (paralysis of eye muscles) are also covered. Moreover, pathologies including *papilledema* (swelling of the optic disc), *xerophthalmia* (dry eyes), and *scleromalacia* (softening of the sclera) are introduced.
👓 Pathologies Affecting the Eye and Vision
The second paragraph delves into various eye pathologies and abnormalities. Conditions such as *achromatopsia* (complete color blindness), *amblyopia* (lazy eye), and *astigmatism* (uneven focusing of light rays due to corneal curvature) are discussed. Other common eye problems include *cataracts* (cloudy lens), *glaucoma* (increased intraocular pressure), and *hyperopia* (farsightedness). The discussion also covers *myopia* (nearsightedness), *oculomycosis* (fungal infection), and *retinal detachment*. Diseases affecting the retina, such as *retinitis pigmentosa* and *retinoblastoma* (malignant eye tumor in children), along with inflammation-related conditions like *keratitis* (inflammation of the cornea) and *uveitis* (inflammation of the choroid layer), are explained in detail.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Blepharoptosis
💡Diplopia
💡Photophobia
💡Cataract
💡Glaucoma
💡Hyperopia
💡Myopia
💡Retinal Detachment
💡Conjunctivitis
💡Strabismus
Highlights
Blepharoptosis is a drooping eyelid.
Cycloplegia is the paralysis of the ciliary body.
Diplopia is double vision.
Emmetropia is a state of normal vision.
Iridoplasia is the paralysis of the iris.
Nyctalopia is difficulty seeing in dim light, also known as night blindness.
Ophthalmalgia is eye pain.
Ophthalmoplegia is the paralysis of one or more of the extraocular eye muscles.
Ophthalmorrhagia is bleeding from the eye.
Papilledema is the swelling of the optic disc, also called a choked disc.
Photophobia is a strong sensitivity to bright light.
Presbyopia is expected changes in vision due to normal aging.
Scleromalacia is a softening of the sclera.
Xerophthalmia is a condition of dry eyes.
Achromatopsia is a severe congenital deficiency in color vision, complete color blindness.
Amblyopia is a loss of vision not as a result of eye pathology, commonly called a lazy eye.
Astigmatism is a condition where light rays are focused unevenly on the retina due to an abnormal curvature of the cornea.
Cataract is the development of an opaque or cloudy lens, resulting in diminished vision.
Glaucoma is an increase in intraocular pressure that can result in blindness.
Hyperopia is a condition where a person can see things in the distance but has trouble reading material at close range, also called farsightedness.
Iritis is an inflammation of the iris.
Keratitis is an inflammation of the cornea.
Macular degeneration is the deterioration of the macular area of the retina.
Myopia is a condition where a person can see clearly up close but not at a distance, also called nearsightedness.
Oculomycosis is a fungus infection of the eye.
Retinal detachment is a separation of the retina from the chloride layer, which can cause blindness.
Retinitis Pigmentosa is a progressive disease in which the retina becomes hard pigmented and atrophied.
Conjunctivitis is inflammation of the conjunctiva, usually from bacterial infection, also called pink eye.
Hemianopia is a loss of vision in half of the visual field, often the result of a stroke.
Nystagmus is a jerky involuntary eye movement, often indicating brain injury.
Transcripts
hi this is Dr A with your medical terminology video on the signs and
symptoms and pathologies of the eye so we're going to start with signs and
symptoms so blepharoptosis is a drooping eyelid
cycloplegia is the paralysis of the ciliary body
diplopia is double vision and emmetropia is a state of normal vision
iridoplasia is the paralysis of the iris and nyctalopia is difficulty seeing in
dim light also known as night blindness Ophthalmalgia is eye pain
ophthalmoplegia is the paralysis of one or more of the extraocular eye muscles
ophthalmorrhagia is bleeding from the eye
papilledema is the swelling of the optic disc it's also called a choked disc
photophobia is a strong sensitivity to Bright Light and presbyopia is expected
changes in vision due to normal aging scleromalacia is a softening of the
sclera and xerophthalmia is a condition of dry eyes
next we're going to go over some eyeball pathology
so achromatopsia is a severe congenital deficiency in color vision it is a
complete color blindness amblyopia is a loss of vision not as a
result of eye pathology it is commonly called a lazy eye amblyo means dull
astigmatism is a condition in which light rays are focused unevenly on the
retina due to an abnormal curvature of the cornea and ah means no and
stigmato means points so no point it doesn't come to precise points for the
focusing of the light rays cataract is the development of an opaque
or cloudy lens and and this results in diminished vision
a corneal abrasion is a scraping injury to the cornea
this is an example of what a cataract would look like you can see the
cloudiness and opacity in that lens glaucoma is an increase in intraocular
pressure it can result in an atrophy of the optic nerve and blindness
hyperopia is a condition in which a person can see things in the distance
but has trouble reading material at close range it is also called
farsightedness iritis is an inflammation of the iris
and keratitis is an inflammation of the cornea so here is an illustration of
hyperopia or farsightedness and so what happens is the way the cornea and lens
bend the light rays is it focuses the image past the retina and so therefore
it's blurry and hard to see and with the corrective lenses the corrective lenses
bend the light rays so that the image is appropriately focused on the retina on
the back of the eye to be legally blind is to be severely
impaired with severely impaired Vision um the visual Acuity of 20 to 200 that
cannot be improved with corrective lenses or a visual field of less than 20
degrees macular degeneration is the
deterioration of the macular area of the retina which is the area of vision
monochromatism is the inability to perceive one color and myopia is a
condition in which a person can see clearly up close but not at a distance
it is also called nearsightedness and myo means shut and that's because people
are nearsighted will kind of squint and almost shut their eyes to try to be able
to focus and see what's in the distance so here's an illustration of myopia or
nearsightedness and you can see here where the image is
focused in front of but not on the retina not on the back of the eyeball so it's a
little bit ahead there and so that makes it blurry and if you have corrective
lenses then it allows the image to be focused on the proper area of the retina
oculomycosis is a fungus infection of the eye retinal detachment is a
separation of the retina from the chloride layer layer and this damages
the blood vessels and nerves and it can cause blindness and this can happen with
a blow to the head for example retinitis Pigmentosa is a progressive
disease in which the retina becomes hard pigmented and atrophied and
retinoblastoma is a malignant eye tumor occurring in children
retinopathy is a general term for a disease affecting the retina and is
often related to diabetes and or high blood pressure
scleritis is an inflammation of the sclera
and uveitis is an inflammation of the choroid layer of the eye
so next we have conjunctiva pathology so conjunctivitis is inflammation of the
conjunctiva usually from bacterial infection it is also called pink eye
pterygium is a hypertrophied conjunctival tissue in the inner corner
of the eye blepharitis is an inflammation of the
eyelid because now we're in eyelid pathology and hordeolum is a purulent
inflammatory infection of the sebaceous gland of the eyelid it is also called a
stye you can spell it s-t-y-e or s-t-y
and then lacrimal apparatus pathology we have dacryoadenitis it's an
inflammation of the lacrimal gland because gland is Adeno and dacryo is
tear and then we have dacryocystitis is an inflammation of the lacrimal sac
because sac is cyst and then we have eye muscle pathology we
have estropia is an inward turning of the eye people with this form of
strabismus are sometimes said to be cross-eyed and exotropia is an outward
turning it up people with this form of strabismus are sometimes said to be
wall-eyed and then strabismus is eye muscle weakness that results in the eyes
looking in different directions at the same time
and then we have brain-related vision pathologies so we have
hemianopia is a loss of vision in half of the visual field and is often
the result of a stroke and nystagmus is a jerky involuntary eye movement it
often indicates brain injury and eyes just moving a little bit there without
you know voluntary control all right so that should wrap it up for
our pathologies that are related to the eye and in the signs and symptoms
related to the eye
تصفح المزيد من مقاطع الفيديو ذات الصلة
Aula 17# Desafio TEMFC 2024 | Abordagem a problemas relacionados aos olhos e visão
Podcast: Protecting Our Vision
#1 Bimbingan UKMPPD Mata (Oftalmologi) - Materi Kedokteran dan Kesehatan
Intermediate Uveitis: Spotlight on Symptoms, Signs, and Potential Complications
Understanding Open Angle Glaucoma
Biological Influences On Visual Perception
5.0 / 5 (0 votes)