Hydroelectric energy and Hydropower Plants | Lesson 7.2 | Earth Science
Summary
TLDRThis educational video delves into hydroelectric energy, highlighting its significance as the second top renewable energy source in the Philippines, contributing to around 40% of the country's renewable energy. It explains the concept of harnessing electricity from water using dams, tidal power, and other methods. The video outlines the three main components of a hydropower plant: the dam, penstock, and powerhouse. It also discusses three types of hydropower plants: impoundment, diversion or run of river, and pumped storage facilities. The lecture emphasizes hydroelectric power's leading role in global renewable energy, generating approximately 83% of the world's renewable power.
Takeaways
- 💧 Hydroelectric energy, also known as hydro power, is the second top producer of renewable energy in the Philippines after geothermal energy.
- 🌎 Approximately 40% of the Philippines' renewable energy comes from hydroelectric power plants.
- 💡 Hydroelectric energy is defined as the process of using water to produce electricity, which can be harnessed through dams or other modern methods.
- 🌊 Tidal power plants are an example of hydroelectric energy, where the rise and fall of tides turn turbines to produce electricity.
- 🔋 Hydroelectric power is the world's leading source of renewable energy, accounting for about 83% of global renewable power generation.
- 🏭 Components of a hydropower plant include a dam, a penstock (canal, pipe, or tunnel), and a powerhouse that houses the turbines and generator.
- 🏞️ A reservoir is the body of water stored by a dam, which is different from the dam itself.
- 🚧 There are three types of hydropower plants: impoundment facilities, diversion or run of river plants, and pumped storage facilities.
- 🛠️ Impoundment facilities are the most common type of hydropower plant, where a dam is built to store water that is later released to generate electricity.
- 💧 Diversion or run of river facilities redirect river water through a system of pipes and a small dam to a powerhouse without significantly altering the river's natural flow.
- 🔁 Pumped storage power plants use a system of two reservoirs to cycle water back into the upper reservoir after it has passed through a turbine, providing a stable supply of electricity.
Q & A
What is the second top producer of renewable energy in the Philippines?
-Hydroelectric energy, or hydro power plants, is the second top producer of renewable energy in the Philippines.
What percentage of renewable energy in the Philippines is produced by hydroelectric power plants?
-Around 40 percent of renewable energy in the Philippines is produced by hydroelectric power plants.
What does hydroelectric energy technically mean?
-Hydroelectric energy technically means using water to produce electricity.
What is the world's leading source of renewable energy?
-Hydroelectric power is the world's leading source of renewable energy, accounting for almost 83 percent of renewable power globally.
What is the term used to refer to hydroelectric energy in the script?
-In the script, hydroelectric energy is referred to as 'white coal'.
What are the three conventional components of a hydropower plant?
-The three conventional components of a hydropower plant are the dam, the penstock, and the powerhouse.
What is the function of a dam in a hydropower plant?
-A dam in a hydropower plant creates a large waterfall that stores enough water to supply the plant at all times.
What is the difference between a reservoir and a dam in the context of a hydropower plant?
-A dam is the wall that creates a reservoir, while a reservoir is the supply of water in a hydropower plant.
What are the three types of hydropower plants mentioned in the script?
-The three types of hydropower plants mentioned are impoundment facility, diversion or run of river plants, and pumped storage facility.
How does a diversion or run of river hydropower plant work?
-A diversion or run of river hydropower plant works by redirecting river water through a dam into pipes towards a penstock, feeding it downhill to the power station.
What is unique about a pumped storage power plant?
-A pumped storage power plant combines a small storage reservoir with a system for cycling water back into the bigger reservoir after it has been released through a turbine.
Outlines
💧 Introduction to Hydroelectric Energy
The video begins by welcoming viewers to the second part of the seventh lesson at Insert Science. The focus is on hydroelectric energy and its role in hydro power plants. It's noted that hydroelectric energy is the second top producer of renewable energy in the Philippines, contributing to about 40% of the country's renewable energy production. The concept of hydroelectric energy is explained as the process of using water to generate electricity. Various methods of harnessing electricity from water are discussed, including the use of dams, wave power, and tidal power. The video emphasizes that hydroelectric power is the world's leading source of renewable energy, accounting for nearly 83% of global renewable power. The components of a hydropower plant are introduced, which include the dam, penstock, and powerhouse. The dam creates a reservoir to store water, the penstock channels water to the turbine, and the powerhouse houses the turbines and generators that produce electricity. Three types of hydropower plants are mentioned: impoundment, diversion or run of river, and pumped storage facilities.
🏞️ Types of Hydropower Plants
The second paragraph delves into the different types of hydropower plants. It starts with the impoundment facility, which is the most common type and involves creating a dam to store water for electricity generation. The video clarifies the difference between a dam and a reservoir, explaining that a dam is a structure that creates a reservoir. Next, the diversion or run of river facility is described, which redirects river water through a dam into pipes towards a penstock, feeding it to the powerhouse. This type of plant is noted for being less destructive as it does not significantly alter the natural flow of the river. Lastly, the pumped storage power plant is introduced as a modern type of hydropower plant that combines a small storage reservoir with a system for cycling water back into a larger reservoir after it has passed through a turbine. This setup allows for a stable supply of electricity by ensuring a continuous flow of water from the upper reservoir. The video concludes by highlighting the importance of hydroelectric and geothermal energy and encourages viewers to stay safe.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Hydroelectric Energy
💡Renewable Energy
💡Dam
💡Reservoir
💡Penstock
💡Turbine
💡Powerhouse
💡Impoundment Facility
💡Run of River Plants
💡Pumped Storage Facility
💡White Coal
Highlights
Hydroelectric energy is the second top producer of renewable energy in the Philippines.
Around 40 percent of renewable energy in the Philippines is produced by hydroelectric power plants.
Hydroelectric energy technically means using water to produce electricity.
Hydroelectric power plants can harness electricity from water using dams or other methods.
Tidal power plants use the rise and fall of tides to turn turbines and produce electricity.
Hydroelectric power is the world's leading source of renewable energy, contributing to 83 percent of global renewable power.
Hydroelectric energy is sometimes referred to as 'white coal' due to its reliability.
A hydropower plant typically consists of three components: a dam, a penstock, and a powerhouse.
The dam creates a large waterfall to store water for the plant, while the penstock channels water to the turbine.
The powerhouse houses the turbines and generators that convert the water's kinetic energy into electricity.
There are three types of hydropower plants: impoundment, diversion or run of river, and pumped storage facilities.
Impoundment facilities create a dam to store water, which is then released to generate electricity.
Diversion or run of river facilities redirect river water through a system of pipes and channels to a power station.
Pumped storage power plants have two reservoirs and cycle water back into the upper reservoir after it passes through a turbine.
Pumped storage facilities are modern and provide a stable production of electricity.
Hydroelectric and geothermal energy are the main topics of discussion in this educational series.
The lesson concludes with an invitation for online consultation and a reminder to stay safe.
Transcripts
welcome class the second part now
seventh lesson at insert science
in this video i will talk about
hydroelectric
energy in the different hydro power
plants
so let's start
video in establish geothermal energy
and top producer in renewable
energies of philippines now the second
top producer of renewable energy
in the philippines is hydroelectric
energy or hydro power plants so around
40 percent
of renewable energy is produced
by hydroelectric power plant or
hydroelectric
energy
talking about hydroelectric energy it
technically means
that we are using water to produce
electricity
with this maharing gummamet non
conventional type
which includes the use of dam or
feathering
ma bagondine developed noways to harness
electricity
from water katura pagamet now waves or
key animal
non-tides like in this picture
it depicts a tidal power plant so the
rise
and fall of tides make the turbine
turn which in turn produces electricity
i want you to take note that
hydroelectric power or hydroelectric
energy
is the world's leading source of
renewable
energy so almost 83 percent
of renewable power in the world
is coming from hydroelectric power
plants
so mandalas ma papapan senore and saban
references
and hydroelectric energy as
white coal the hearing as a range
or savast nampa
hydroelectric energy
let's go with the components of
hydropower plant
so hiragana hydro power plants
for us to harness the electricity
from flowing water so metal
three conventional or common components
of your hydropower plant the first one
is the dam so the dam creates a large
waterfall
that stores enough water to supply
the plant at all times so technically in
this picture
eto young this is the reason
water reservoir is hydropower plant so
take note
a reservoir is different from adam
the dam is the wall that will create the
reservoir
and if we're talking about the reservoir
it is technically
the supply of water in a hydro power
plant
after the dam is your pen stock so the
pen stock could be a canal
a pipe or a tunnel that will
channel the water from the reservoir
from here
going to the turbine so this flow of
water will make sure
that your turbine will turn to create
electricity so after the water flow from
the turbine
then it will be released to another body
of
water so gusto malama concentration flow
of water
issuance pipe to make sure that the
turbine
will turn
component of your hydropower plant is
the powerhouse so the powerhouse
houses the turbines driven by the
waterfall
and the generator driven by the turbines
so as the turbine turns it will lead to
the work
of your generator param generate now
electricity
that will be distributed to all
the consumers
let's go with the types of hydropower
plants so we have
three types of hydropower plants
you have impoundment facility
diversion or run of river plants and
last one is pumped storage facility
so let's go with the first one
the first one is impoundment facility
so this is the common type or the most
common type
of hydropower plant in this case you
will be creating a dumb
to store water and then the release of
that water
will then in turn generate electricity
now in this picture of the maggot dam i
want you to take note that this is not
the pen stuff this is not the pencil
this is technically a spillway
regression water para hindi massive
this pipes is technically
your pen stock so this will direct you
to the powerhouse of the hydropower
plant
next one is the diversion or run of
river facility
so in this type of hydropower plant it
works by redirecting river water
through a little dam into pipes towards
a pen stuff
and feeding it downhill to the power
station
so on ginago arlandito is that you will
have
a river you will not get that water
direct directly from the flow of river
but you will be attaching a facility
detox a river so marine and illustration
at an and
facility that will collect water that
will die
divert water from the river going to
this
little dam tapos you water moladitos a
little damn natto
pupunta or makuflo through the pen stock
and through your powerhouse so in that
case in a sabbath and diversion
or random facility is not
that destructive like you're dumb
because
supply
natural flow of the river itself
no need to create a big dam
it's pumped storage power plant so you
under 11 hydro power plants antennas
casco which is your
impoundment and your diversion is
commonly used
in the philippines etona man the third
type
we can say the most modern pinnacle
modern
titan hydropower plant hindi machado
la luna philippines so on ubuntu nagawan
and pump storage power plant
so it combines a small storage reservoir
with a system for cycling water back
into the bigger reservoir after it has
been
released through a turbine so take note
that in a pump storage power plant you
will have two reservoirs one here
on top and one that is lower
so an idea is that capac matas on demand
electricity the upper reservoir will
release
water continuously going through your
powerhouse
papantas a lower reservoir so in that
case
electricity um
is that from the water from the lower
reservoir
will be pumped back to the upper
reservoir
to ensure that there will be a stable
supply of
water due to the upper reservoir
is stable then you produce
electricity so
[Music]
water more likely or most likely alpina
gold and pump storage power plant is
that
to have a stable production of
electricity
so that's our lesson about hydroelectric
energy
we will talk more about hydroelectric
and geothermal energy so adding online
consultation thank you and always stay
safe
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