Los 30 Animales del AMAZONAS Más Increíbles y Bellos🦥🐆🐒
Summary
TLDREl Amazonas es la selva más grande del mundo, abarcando nueve países y albergando una diversidad asombrosa de especies. Con más de 40,000 especies de plantas, 1,000 de aves, 3,000 de peces y 400 de mamíferos, la selva es un tesoro de la biodiversidad. Desde el majestuoso jaguar, el elegante tigre dorado, hasta la amenazante piraña y el gigantesco anaconda, la selva amazonica es un santuario de la naturaleza que desafía la imaginación y cautiva a los amantes de la aventura y la fauna salvaje.
Takeaways
- 🌳 La selva amazónica es tan grande que abarca 9 países, siendo la más grande del mundo.
- 🦅 Alberga más de 40,000 especies de plantas, 1,000 especies de aves, 3,000 especies de peces y más de 400 especies de mamíferos.
- 🦥 El perezoso es un animal que se mueve muy lentamente y pasa la mayor parte de su vida en los árboles.
- 🐆 El jaguar es el felino más grande de América y es el tercer felino más grande del mundo.
- 🐬 El delfín rosado es la especie de delfín de río más grande del mundo, llegando a medir hasta 2.5 metros.
- 🐍 Las serpientes venenosas como la surucucú y las serpientes de coral representan un gran peligro en la selva.
- 🦎 El machaca, también conocido como 'cabeza de maní', es un insecto caracterizado por su peculiar forma de cabeza.
- 🐟 El pez eléctrico o poraquê es capaz de generar descargas eléctricas de hasta 860 voltios.
- 🦦 La nutria gigante del Amazonas es la más grande de su especie, alcanzando hasta 1.8 metros de longitud.
- 🐸 La rana dardo venenosa secreta un veneno potente que las tribus amazónicas usan en sus flechas.
Q & A
¿Cuántos países cubre la selva amazónica?
-La selva amazónica cubre 9 países: Brasil, Perú, Bolivia, Ecuador, Colombia, Venezuela, Guiana, Suriname y la Guayana Francesa.
¿Cuál es la cantidad de especies de plantas en la selva amazónica?
-La selva amazónica alberga más de 40,000 especies de plantas.
¿Cuál es el mamífero terrestre más grande de la Amazonia?
-El tapir del Amazonas es el mamífero terrestre más grande de la Amazonia, pudiendo medir hasta 2.5 metros de longitud.
¿Cómo se llama el delfín de río más grande del mundo?
-El delfín rosa o boto es el delfín de río más grande del mundo, pudiendo medir hasta 2.5 metros.
¿Qué tipo de peces son los pirañas y qué les caracteriza?
-Los pirañas son peces carnívoros que atacan en grupo, con cuerpo compacto y lateralmente aplanado, y dientes afilados que les permiten atraer sangre.
¿Qué son los 'poraquê' y qué les hace peculiares?
-Los 'poraquê' o ejes eléctricos son peces que pueden emitir descargas eléctricas tanto bajas como altas, llegando a 860 voltios con 1 ampereo.
¿Qué características tienen los perezosos en la selva amazónica?
-Los perezosos son mamíferos con un cuerpo grande en comparación con la cabeza redonda, pelo largo y garras grandes en las patas delanteras. Pasan casi toda su vida en los árboles.
¿Cuál es el mayor felino de América y cuál es su tamaño aproximado?
-El jaguar es el mayor felino de América y el tercero en el mundo, pudiendo medir hasta casi 2 metros de longitud sin contar la cola.
¿Qué tamaño puede alcanzar la nutria gigante amazónica y cómo se caracteriza?
-La nutria gigante amazónica puede medir hasta 1.8 metros de largo, tiene pelaje corto y denso de color marrón oscuro, una mancha blanca en la garganta y pecho, y una cola larga y gruesa de hasta 69 cm.
¿Cuál es el mayor roedor del mundo y cuál es su peso y tamaño aproximado?
-El capibara es el mayor roedor del mundo, pesando hasta 90 kg y midiendo 1.34 m de longitud, con una altura de 62 cm.
¿Qué características tienen los anacondas y por qué son peligrosos para los humanos?
-Los anacondas son serpientes acuáticas y no venenosas, pero son peligrosas porque pueden estrangular y matar a un ser humano o causar daños graves. Pueden medir hasta 4 metros de largo.
Outlines
🌳 La Gran Diversidad del Amazonas
El primer párrafo introduce la vastedad y la riqueza biodiversa del Amazonas, que abarca nueve países y es el mayor bosque lluvioso del mundo. Se menciona que alberga más de 40,000 especies de plantas, más de 1,000 especies de aves, 3,000 especies de peces y más de 400 especies de mamíferos. Además, se describe brevemente a varios animales como el Nictíbato, la Machaca, el Tapir del Amazonas, el Delfín Rosa y la Piraña, destacando sus hábitos, características y el potencial peligro que representan para los humanos.
🐆 Los Grandes Carnívoros y Primates del Amazonas
Este párrafo se centra en los animales más grandes y notables de la región, como el Jaguar, la Mono Aranha y el Mono Aullador. Se describen sus características físicas, hábitos y comportamientos, así como su interacción con los humanos. También se menciona la Nutria Gigante del Amazonas, destacando su tamaño, hábitos alimenticios y su peligro de extinción debido a la caza humana. Finalmente, se habla del Capibara, el roedor más grande del mundo, su hábitat y su dieta.
🐍 Serpientes Venenosas y Peces Pelagatos del Amazonas
El tercer párrafo aborda a las serpientes venenosas del Amazonas, incluyendo especies de la familia Bothrops y el Surucucú, destacando su peligrosidad y las consecuencias de sus mordeduras. También se menciona la familia de las serpientes corales y el Candiru, un pez parasitario que se asocia con leyendas urbanas. Además, se describe el Anaconda, el mayor y más pesado de los serpientes del continente, y los diferentes tipos de Caimanes que habitan en los ríos y pantanos del Amazonas.
🦅 Aves y Peces Exóticos del Amazonas
Este párrafo cubre una variedad de aves y peces exóticos del Amazonas, como el Harpia, el Hoacin, la Lechuza de Carablanca, el Gallo de la Roca Peruano y el Cóndor de la Jungla. Se describen sus características físicas, hábitos alimenticios y su relevancia dentro de la ecología del Amazonas. También se menciona el Pez Gigante del Amazonas, su tamaño, hábitos y su comportamiento agresivo, aunque no representa una amenaza para los humanos.
🐸 Ranas Venenosas y Anfibios Transparentes del Amazonas
El último párrafo se enfoca en los anfibios del Amazonas, destacando la familia de las ranas venenosas, conocidas como ranas de dardo, y sus usos tradicionales por grupos indígenas. Además, se describen las ranas de vidrio, pequeñas ranas arborícolas con piel translúcida que permiten ver algunos órganos internos, y se mencionan especies específicas como el Hyalinobatrachium bergeri.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Selva Amazónica
💡Diversidad Biológica
💡Nictibíano
💡Machaca
💡Tapir
💡Delfín Rosa
💡Piranha
💡Elefante de Agua
💡Jaguar
💡Mono Araña
Highlights
La selva amazónica es tan grande que abarca 9 países: Brasil, Perú, Bolivia, Ecuador, Colombia, Venezuela, Guiana, Surinam y Guayana Francesa.
Es la selva lluviosa más grande del mundo, con más de 40,000 especies de plantas, más de 1,000 especies de aves, 3,000 especies de peces y más de 400 especies de mamíferos.
El Nictíbato Grande es una especie que pasa la mayor parte de su tiempo en las ramas de los árboles esperando el momento adecuado para cazar presas, generalmente insectos y pequeños vertebrados.
La Machaca o cabeza de maní (Fulgora laternaria) es un insecto de 90 milímetros de largo caracterizado por la forma de su cabeza en forma de maní.
El Tapir del Amazonas o Tapir Sudamericano es el mamífero terrestre más grande de la Amazonia, alcanzando hasta 2.5 metros de longitud y poco más de 1 metro de altura.
El Delfín Rosa es la especie de delfín de río más grande del mundo, alcanzando hasta 2.5 metros de longitud.
La Piraña es una familia de peces carnívoros que atacan a su presa en grupos y son conocidas por sus afiladas dentaduras.
El Siluro Eléctrico o Poraquê puede producir descargas eléctricas tanto bajas como altas voltajes, llegando a 860 voltios con 1 ampereo.
El Percebe o Folivora son sloths muy lentos que viven casi toda su vida en los árboles comiendo hojas y se mueven muy lentamente para no ser notados.
El Jaguar (Panthera onca) es el félido más grande de América y el tercero más grande del mundo, alcanzando casi 2 metros de longitud sin contar la cola.
La Mono Araña se caracteriza por sus extremidades largas en relación al cuerpo y su pequeño tamaño de cabeza.
El Mono Aullador es conocido por su peculiar aullido emitido por los machos y su cuerpo robusto.
La Nutria Gigante Amazona mide hasta 1.8 metros de largo y es el más largo de todas las nutrias, alimentándose de peces y siendo un nadador magnífico.
El Capybara es el roedor más grande del planeta, pesando hasta 90 kg y midiendo 1.34 m de longitud, con 62 cm de altura.
La Manatí Amazónica es otro mamífero acuático inofensivo que se alimenta de plantas acuáticas como la berro de agua y las lilas acuáticas.
El Oso Hormiguero es un mamífero adaptado para alimentarse de hormigas y termitas gracias a su lengua larga y pegajosa.
Las serpientes de la familia Bothrops son altamente venenosas y agresivas, causando la mayoría de los incidentes de mordedura de serpiente en la región amazónica.
El Surucucú o Cuaima Piña es el serpiente venenosa más grande de América y la segunda más grande del mundo, con una mordedura letal y una envenenación en grandes cantidades.
Las serpientes de la familia Elapidae, como la Himeralli (Micrurus surinamensis), son extremadamente venenosas y su veneno actúa rápidamente, lo que hace que poco se pueda hacer ante una mordedura.
El Pez Candiru o pez ciega es un pez parásito de hasta 17 cm que se introduce en las branquias de peces más grandes y se alimenta de su sangre.
La Anaconda (Eunectes murino) es la serpiente más grande y pesada de América, siendo una de las más grandes del mundo, y aunque no es venenosa, es peligrosa.
Los Yacare son tres especies de caimanes encontrados en los pantanos y ríos de la cuenca amazónica, siendo el Yacare Negro la especie más grande y representando un peligro para los humanos.
El Raya de río es un pez cartilagíneo con un cuerpo aplanado y una cola larga y delgada, y posee espinas venenosas en su cola que utiliza como defensa.
El Arapaima o Pirarucú es uno de los peces de río más grandes del mundo, alcanzando hasta 4 metros de longitud y respirando aire a través de un órgano similar al pulmón.
El Águila Harpia es el ave de presa más grande de América y una de las más grandes del mundo, alimentándose de monos, perezosos y animales terrestres como los erizos y los agutís.
El Hoacin es un ave exótica que se alimenta únicamente de hojas, lo que le da su apariencia voluminosa y es capaz de trepar a través de troncos y ramas con sus garras en las alas.
El Buho Spectacled es un ave de presa de gran belleza a pesar de su apariencia agresiva, activo principalmente de noche y que vive solitario o en parejas.
El Gallo de la Roca Peruano es el ave nacional del Perú, destacando por sus plumas brillantes y coloridas, midiendo alrededor de 32 cm y pudiendo pesar hasta 300 gramos.
El Cóndor de la Jungla es una especie carroñera con un gran envergadura y peso, prefiriendo climas húmedos y es común en las tierras bajas de la selva tropical perennifolio.
La Ranita Dart o Ranita Flechadora es una familia de ranas pequeñas y de color intenso que secreta una mezcla de alcaloides venenosos, utilizadas por algunos grupos indígenas para envenenar sus flechas y dardos.
Transcripts
Did you know that the Amazon jungle is so big that it covers 9 countries? Brazil, Peru,
Bolovia, Ecuador, Colombia, Venezuela, Guiana, Suriname and French Guiana.
It is the largest rainforest in the world, with more than 40,000 plant species, more than 1,000
bird species, 3,000 fish species, and more than 400 mammal species. If you were on an adventure through the
Amazon it would be easy for you to see animals walking on the ground or jumping from tree to tree.
And for you to get to know this magnificent jungle better, I have made a list of the most incredible animals
that inhabit it. Stay until the end because they are all equally amazing.
Large Nictibian The Large Nictibian is a species that
spends most of its time perched on tree branches waiting for the
right moment to hunt its prey, usually insects and small vertebrates. It is
nocturnal and emits a very disturbing growl. Machaca or peanut head (Fulgora laternaria)
The machaca is an insect 90 millimeters long that is mainly characterized by the shape
of its peanut head. In addition, on its head it has eyes similar to those of a lizard and
two other false ones on its back. Its body is made up of different colored specks (grey,
orange, yellow, white, etc.). Amazon tapir or South American tapir
This is the largest land mammal in the Amazon, reaching up to 2.5 meters in length
and just over 1 meter in height. It is dark brown, lighter on the belly, with
a short black mane that reaches the beginning of the back, a short trunk, black tail and
white tips of the ears. Pink Dolphin
It is the largest river dolphin species in the world, reaching up to 2.5 meters. This
aquatic river mammal is also called tonina or boto and is characterized by the grayish-pink color of
its skin. On the other hand, it has a long and narrow jaw, as well as a prominent
melon on the forehead (echolocation organ). This melon is what allows to capture the sound waves
emitted by the dolphin itself to locate and avoid obstacles. Despite being an animal that does not
represent any danger to humans, it is in the vulnerable category due
to its hunting. Piranha
This family of fish brings together various species, characterized by being carnivorous,
which attack their prey in schools. They are fish with a compact and laterally flattened body,
with sharp teeth to which they attract blood, which is why they group
more and more fish around the victim. In the Amazonian rivers where they live, they have been
the cause of numerous accidents when they bite humans and even when they are fished they are dangerous,
since they shake jumping and biting. More than 15% of the injuries that occur in Amazonian rivers
are due to piranhas, especially the species Pygocentrus nattereri.
Electric eel or poraquê
It has been pointed out that 1% of the accidents caused by fish in Amazonian rivers are
due to these electric eels. These do not really belong to the group of
eels, but having a cylindrical and elongated body they resemble.
These fish grow up to 2 meters long and breathe air, so they must come to the
surface regularly. Their peculiarity is that they are capable of giving
both low and high voltage electric shocks . They regulate the type of discharge at will,
reaching the highest voltage up to 860 volts with 1 amp. This is enough to numb
a person after intense pain or even cause cardiac arrest if they are susceptible.
Sloth (suborder Folivora)
There are several species of very slow-moving sloths in the Amazon Basin.
The most widespread are the Linnaeus two-toed sloth (Choloepus didactylus) and
the bay sloth (Bradypus variegatus). While to the north of the Amazon River,
towards the Guiana zone, there is the caimansote or Aí-aí (Bradypus tridactylus). They are characterized by their
relatively small round head in relation to a large body and long front limbs.
They have long hair and very large claws on their front legs, in some cases on only two
of their 5 fingers and in other species on three fingers. They rarely come down to the ground, spending almost their entire lives
in the trees eating leaves, they move very slowly as a way of going unnoticed,
and as a form of defense they can use their claws. Jaguar (Panthera onca)
The jaguar is the largest feline in the Americas and the third largest in the world, reaching up to almost
2 meters in length without counting the tail. Although their attack is fearful for a human, they usually
avoid encountering it, attacking only if cornered or injured, and their first option in the
face of a human presence is to move away. Spider monkey
Three species of spider monkey are found in the Amazon basin, including
the white-fronted spider monkey (Ateles belzebuth). Like the
black-faced black spider monkey (Ateles chamek) and the white-cheeked spider monkey (Ateles marginatus).
All are characterized by their long limbs in relation to the body and small head. Together with
the howler monkey, they are the largest primates that inhabit the Amazon jungle.
Howler monkey
As its name indicates, these primates are characterized by the peculiar howl that
the males emit, as well as by their robust body. They do not represent a
danger to humans in the jungle, although it is common for them to throw fruit from the trees.
In the Amazon there is a great diversity of species of this genus, some of which are completely black,
such as the Amazonian black howler (Alouatta nigerrima). Others are a deep reddish brown
such as the Purús red howler (Alouatta puruensis) and the
Venezuelan red howler (Alouatta seniculus). Giant Amazon Otter
This species measures up to 1.8 meters long, being the longest of all the otters,
which feeds on fish, being a restless animal and a magnificent swimmer. It
has short, dense dark brown fur with a white patch on the throat and chest.
It has a mustache that is sensitive to movements in the water and a long thick tail,
up to 69 cm long, inhabiting Amazonian rivers in groups of 2 to 12 individuals.
The species is in danger of extinction due to hunting by humans to take advantage of its
skin and consume its meat. Capybara
This is the largest rodent on the planet, weighing up to 90 kg and reaching 1.34 m in length
with 62 cm in height. It is adapted to living near bodies of water such as rivers and lakes
and in fact spends most of the day in the water. It is a herbivorous animal that eats aquatic herbs
and riverbanks, being very scary, so in the presence of humans it runs to the water.
Although it is not threatened with extinction, it is subjected to strong hunting pressure
by humans. Amazonian manatee
This is another harmless Amazonian aquatic mammal, which feeds on
aquatic herbs such as water cabbage and water lilies. They can measure almost 3 meters and
weigh up to 400 Kg, presenting a dark brown to grayish skin with a
white spot on the chest. Unfortunately it is in danger of extinction due to hunting.
Giant Anteater
It is a mammal morphologically adapted to feed on ants and termites thanks to
its long and sticky tongue. It can reach 1.80 m, being the largest in the
world of its kind. Velvet snakes
Bothrops atrox, Brazilian Bothrops and Bothrops biliniatus are some of the species of this
genus that are present in the Amazon. These are highly venomous and aggressive reptiles,
which are the cause of most snakebite incidents in this region.
In the case of the green jararacá (Bothrops biliniatus), the aggravating circumstance of being arboreal is added,
which makes it more dangerous. Surucucú or Cuaima piña
The surucucú is the largest venomous snake in America and the second largest in the world,
with a deadly poison that it inoculates in large quantities. On the other hand, its large size (up to
3 meters long) and its long fangs (up to 4 cm) increase its danger.
It can bite above the boot or through it,
although fortunately it is located in the densest places of the forest that are little frequented.
Coral snakes (Elapidae)
There are numerous species of this family of snakes in the Amazon region,
including the Himeralli (Micrurus surinamensis), called boichumbeguacu in Brazil. This coral snake
has the characteristic of inhabiting bodies of stagnant water with vegetation.
Other species are the ringed coral snake (Micrurus annellatus) and the
Amazon coral snake (Micrurus spixii). All of them are extremely poisonous, in fact their poison acts so
quickly that little can be done in the face of a bite. Fortunately, they are snakes that rarely bite
unless handled. They are characterized by their body rings being white, black and red or black
and white, and having fixed, non-retractable fangs. Candiru or blind catfish
This is a parasitic fish no larger than 17 cm, with a very thin body that penetrates
the gills of larger fish. Once there, it is held by spines on its lateral fins
and feeds by extracting the blood of the fish. Throughout the Amazon region there is an
unconfirmed story that the fish is capable of penetrating
a person's urinary tract. It would do this if the person bathes naked in the river and urinates in the water.
In this case, the fish would be attracted by the hot current and when penetrating the
urethra it would cling with its spines. According to the indigenous people, the remedy for this tragic
mishap is to apply the juice of the fruit of the caruto tree (Genipa americana) to the area.
Apparently the ascorbic acid in the juice dissolves the calcareous spines of the fish and
allows it to be released. The truth is that this story has not been fully confirmed,
although it is best not to swim naked in Amazon rivers.
Anaconda (Eunectes murino)
It is the largest and heaviest snake in America, being one of the largest in the
world and although it is not poisonous, it is dangerous. It is a constrictor snake capable
of killing a human being or, in the best of cases, causing serious damage.
Being an aquatic snake, it is found in rivers and swamps, where it captures its
large prey. For this, it holds them with a strong bite of its jaws and
then wraps itself around its body, tightening progressively. In this way, it gradually suffocates
the prey, and once it is dead, it proceeds to swallow it whole, and then digest it.
Amazon Caimans
Three species of caiman are found in the swamps and rivers of the Amazon basin:
the spectacled caiman or white caiman (Caiman crocodilus), the alligator (Caiman yacare) and the
black caiman (Melanosuchus niger). Of these species, the white alligator is the smallest,
reaching up to 2.5 meters in length, and is also the least aggressive of all.
For its part, the alligator, although somewhat larger than the previous one, does not represent a greater threat
to humans. While the black alligator is the largest reaching up to 5 meters and it does
represent a danger. River stingray
These are cartilaginous fish with flattened, almost rounded bodies and a long,
thin tail, with varying dark colorations, but usually with spots. They live in the
sandy bottoms of South American rivers and are especially abundant in the Amazon.
As a defense mechanism they have a series of poisonous spikes on their tails and
when they feel threatened they whip them. The poison they inoculate produces great pain,
causes tissue necrosis and affects the nervous, respiratory and circulatory systems.
It is a very dangerous animal for humans, especially because it cannot be distinguished in the dark
waters of the rivers. If you step on it or hit it with your feet, it is very likely that you will receive
the impact of the thorns. Arapaima or pirarucú
It is one of the largest river fish in the world, normally reaching 2 meters
in length, but it can reach 4 meters. This huge fish breathes both the
oxygen dissolved in the water through its gills and the surface air through
a kind of lung and needs to rise to the surface of the river every 15 minutes.
It feeds on fish, insects, birds, seeds and fruits, and even small mammals,
being able to jump and rise vertically out of the water to capture prey. Although
it has a somewhat aggressive temperament, it does not represent a real threat to humans.
Harpy Eagle
It is the largest bird of prey in America and one of the largest in the world,
however it does not represent a threat to humans. They reach just over 1 meter in
height and just over 2 meters in wingspan. They feed on monkeys, including large
spider and howler monkeys, also sloths, and land animals such as porcupines
and agoutis. Hoacin
The hoacin is an exotic bird that feeds only on leaves, which makes up its
chunky appearance. It emits very characteristic squawks and also has claws on its wings, with which it
can climb through trunks and branches. Spectacled
Owl The Spectacled Owl is a bird of prey of great beauty despite its aggressive appearance. They are
most active at night and live alone or in pairs. It feeds on
small mammals, other birds, frogs, insects, and also on fruits and other types of vegetation.
Peruvian Cock of the Rock
The national bird of Peru stands out for its bright and colorful feathers (scarlet or orange
in the case of the male and brown in the case of the female). They measure around 32 cm and can
weigh up to 300 grams. Jungle condor
Scavenger species with a large wingspan (up to 193 cm) and weight (up to 4.5 kg). It prefers
humid climates, so it is common to see it in the lowlands of the evergreen tropical forest.
It has the strongest beak of all American vultures, being very effective for eating
all kinds of animals, including cattle. Dart frog or arrow frog
This family of small, intensely colored frogs brings together about 184 species,
most of them endemic to the Amazon basin. These amphibians secrete a mixture of
poisonous alkaloids that they accumulate from the beetles and other insects they consume.
The common name of these frogs comes precisely from the use that some
indigenous groups of the Amazon make of these skin secretions, as they smear the tips of arrows
and darts to kill their prey or enemies more quickly. On the other hand,
their striking colors are to warn potential predators to stay away from danger.
Glass
frog These small tree frogs are characterized by having part of their translucent skin allowing
some internal organs to be seen. Its skin is green similar to the leaves
of the environment to go unnoticed and it is a completely harmless animal.
A typical case is Hyalinobatrachium bergeri, distributed from the
Amazonian lowlands to the Andean foothills in Bolivia and Peru. In this species, when observing
the abdominal part, you can notice the heart beating perfectly. Other common species
in the Amazon are Hyalinobatrachium mondolfii and Hyalinobatrachium yaku.
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