Ethics - Moral Dilemma
Summary
TLDRDr. Marilyn Verreledon's lesson on moral dilemmas explores the concept and its importance in decision-making. Students learn to consider ethical rules and reasoning to make the right choices, developing critical thinking and problem-solving skills. The lesson covers various types of moral dilemmas, including epistemic, ontological, self-imposed, world-imposed, obligation, prohibition, single agent, and multi-person dilemmas, using case studies to appreciate ethical principles. The goal is to equip students with the ability to explain moral dilemmas, write reflective journals on personal experiences, and understand the complexities involved in ethical decision-making.
Takeaways
- 📚 The lesson aims to teach students about the concept of moral dilemmas and the importance of ethical reasoning in decision-making.
- 🤔 Moral dilemmas involve a conflict of morals where one must choose between two or more options, often leading to a compromise of one moral obligation for another.
- 📝 Students will learn to explain the concept of moral dilemma, write a reflective journal on personal experiences, and appreciate ethical principles through case studies.
- 🚫 Karen Allen outlines three conditions for a situation to be considered an ethical dilemma: a choice must be made, there are multiple actions to choose from, and no perfect solution exists without compromising an ethical principle.
- 🔑 The types of moral dilemmas include epistemic, ontological, self-imposed, world-imposed, obligation, prohibition, single agent, and multi-person dilemmas.
- 👗 An epistemic dilemma requires fuller understanding before making a moral decision, such as Arlene's choice between buying a new dress or helping her sister financially.
- 🌊 An ontological dilemma involves conflicting moral obligations that are equal in their moral consequences, like choosing who to save with a single life vest during a flood.
- 🏆 Self-imposed dilemmas occur when an individual's actions create a moral conflict, such as a politician promising to protect forests while seeking financial support from a mining corporation.
- 🌐 World-imposed dilemmas arise from external events, like war or financial crashes, that force individuals into ethical conflicts.
- 👨👦 In an obligation dilemma, multiple actions may be obligatory, but one can only choose one, as seen in the movie 'Most' where a father must choose between saving his son and many passengers.
- 🚫 A prohibition dilemma presents choices that are all morally wrong, such as a father's decision to engage in morally questionable activities to provide for his family during a recession.
- 👩⚕️ Single agent dilemmas involve an individual making a choice between equally weighted ethical options, like a doctor deciding between reporting a COVID-19 case and respecting patient confidentiality.
- 👥 Multi-person dilemmas require consensus among multiple parties, such as communities deciding on lockdown measures during a pandemic.
Q & A
What is the main focus of Dr. Marilyn Vereldon's lesson?
-The main focus of Dr. Marilyn Vereldon's lesson is to discuss the essential concept of moral dilemma, emphasizing the importance of ethical rules and reasoning in making the right decisions.
How does the lesson aim to benefit students?
-The lesson aims to benefit students by developing their critical thinking and problem-solving skills through discussions and learning activities related to moral dilemmas.
What are the three outcomes students are expected to achieve after the lesson?
-After the lesson, students are expected to explain the essential concept of moral dilemma, write a reflective journal about their personal experience of a moral dilemma, and appreciate ethical principles concerning moral dilemmas through case studies.
What is an example of a moral dilemma presented in the lesson?
-An example of a moral dilemma presented is a person having to choose between saving their girlfriend or their mother from a disastrous flood, highlighting the conflict between two moral obligations.
What are the three conditions that must be present for a situation to be considered an ethical dilemma according to Karen Allen?
-According to Karen Allen, an ethical dilemma requires a person to make a decision when there are different ways of action to choose from, and no perfect solution exists because some ethical principle is compromised.
What is the case of Angela in the script, and what moral conflict does she face?
-Angela is a Christian facing an ectopic pregnancy. The moral conflict she faces is whether to have an abortion to save her life, which compromises her moral integrity, or to continue the pregnancy and risk her life and the fetus.
What are the two types of moral dilemmas mentioned in the script?
-The two types of moral dilemmas mentioned are epistemic dilemmas, where the moral agent needs fuller understanding before deciding, and ontological dilemmas, where conflicting moral obligations are equal in their moral consequences.
Can you explain the difference between a self-imposed and a world-imposed dilemma?
-A self-imposed dilemma is caused by the agent's own actions, such as making a promise that conflicts with another moral obligation. A world-imposed dilemma arises from external events or situations that place the agent in an ethical conflict, such as war or financial crisis.
What is an obligation dilemma, and can you provide an example from the script?
-An obligation dilemma is a situation where more than one possible action is obligatory, but the individual can only choose one. An example from the script is the movie 'Most,' where a father has to choose between saving his son and saving hundreds of passengers on a train.
What is a prohibition dilemma, and how does it differ from an obligation dilemma?
-A prohibition dilemma involves choices that are all morally reprehensible or wrong, unlike an obligation dilemma where multiple choices are obligatory. An example is a father with five children who is forced to consider morally wrong actions like snatching or fishing to provide for his family due to unemployment.
What is a single agent dilemma, and how does it relate to a multi-person dilemma?
-A single agent dilemma involves one moral agent choosing between equally ethical options. A multi-person dilemma involves multiple persons, such as a family or community, who need to reach a consensus decision on a moral issue, making it more complex than a single agent dilemma.
Outlines
😖 Understanding Moral Dilemmas
Dr. Marilyn Vereldon introduces the concept of moral dilemmas, emphasizing the importance of ethical rules and reasoning in decision-making. The lesson aims to develop students' critical thinking and problem-solving skills. A moral dilemma is defined as a conflict where a decision-maker must choose between two or more options, potentially violating another moral obligation. The case of Angela, facing an ectopic pregnancy and moral conflict over abortion, illustrates this concept. Karen Allen's three conditions for an ethical dilemma are discussed, highlighting the need for a choice, multiple action options, and the impossibility of a perfect solution without ethical compromise. The paragraph also outlines different types of moral dilemmas, including epistemic, ontological, self-imposed, world-imposed, obligation, and prohibition dilemmas.
🤔 Exploring Types of Moral Dilemmas
This paragraph delves deeper into the types of moral dilemmas, starting with epistemic dilemmas where the moral agent requires more knowledge to make a morally right decision, exemplified by Arlene's choice between buying a new dress or helping her sister financially. Ontological dilemmas involve conflicting moral obligations without disregarding each other, as illustrated by the life vest scenario during a typhoon. Self-imposed dilemmas arise from personal actions, like Jay's campaign promise versus financial support from a mining corporation. World-imposed dilemmas are caused by external events, such as war or financial crises. Obligation dilemmas present situations where multiple actions are obligatory, but only one can be chosen, as shown in the movie 'Most'. Prohibition dilemmas offer choices that are all morally wrong, like jobless individuals resorting to morally questionable means during a recession.
👥 Single Agent vs. Multi-Person Dilemmas
The final paragraph discusses single agent and multi-person dilemmas. In single agent dilemmas, the moral agent faces equal ethical options but can only choose one, such as a medical doctor's conflict between reporting a COVID-19 case and respecting patient confidentiality. Multi-person dilemmas involve multiple parties, like a community, needing to reach a consensus on a moral issue, exemplified by the GCQ lockdown scenario. The paragraph concludes by emphasizing the complexity of moral decision-making in various social contexts and the importance of consensus in group moral dilemmas.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Moral Dilemma
💡Ethical Rules and Reasoning
💡Critical Thinking
💡Problem Solving
💡Reflective Journal
💡Ethical Principles
💡Epistemic Dilemma
💡Ontological Dilemma
💡Self-Imposed Dilemma
💡World-Imposed Dilemma
💡Obligation Dilemma
💡Prohibition Dilemma
💡Single Agent Dilemma
💡Multi-Person Dilemma
Highlights
Dr. Marilyn Verredon introduces the concept of moral dilemma and its importance in decision-making.
The lesson aims to help students understand ethical rules and reasoning for making right decisions.
Students will develop critical thinking and problem-solving skills through the discussion and learning activities.
Upon completion, students will be able to explain the essential concept of a moral dilemma.
Students will write a reflective journal about their personal experience with a moral dilemma.
The lesson includes case studies to appreciate ethical principles concerning moral dilemmas.
A moral dilemma is a conflict of morals where one must choose between two or more options.
The case of Angela illustrates the conflict between moral integrity and life-saving decisions.
Karren Allen's three conditions for a situation to be considered an ethical dilemma are explained.
Types of moral dilemmas include epistemic, ontological, self-imposed, world-imposed, obligation, and prohibition dilemmas.
Epistemic dilemmas require fuller understanding before selecting the morally right action.
Ontological dilemmas involve conflicting moral obligations without disregarding each other.
Self-imposed dilemmas are created by the agent's own actions or promises.
World-imposed dilemmas arise from external events that place the agent in an ethical conflict.
Obligation dilemmas present situations where multiple actions are obligatory but only one can be chosen.
Prohibition dilemmas offer choices that are all morally wrong or reprehensible.
Single agent dilemmas involve acting on equally weighted ethical options without choosing both.
Multi-person dilemmas require consensus decisions from a group on a moral issue.
The GCQ lockdown example illustrates a multi-person dilemma involving community consensus.
Transcripts
good day to everyone
i hope you are all safe this is dr
marilyn verreldon and i would like to
discuss with you about
moral dilemma
now this lesson concerned with studying
the essential concept of moral dilemma
designed to help students to
explain the importance of considering
ethical rules and reasoning in making
the right decisions
the discussion and the learning
activities
equipped with this lesson would benefit
students to develop
critical thinking and problem solving
skills
after successful completion of the
lesson
the students will be able to first
explain the essential concept of moral
dilemma
second write a reflective journal
about the personal experience of a moral
dilemma
and third appreciate ethical principles
concerning moral dilemma by doing the
case studies
in this lesson
[Music]
now let's study about moral
dilemma a moral dilemma
is a conflict of morals that the
decision maker
is needed to choose between two or more
options
but can only take one of them for
instance
a person has to choose between saving a
girlfriend
or a mother from a disastrous flood
it is hard to decide since both of them
are related to him
concisely a moral dilemma
is a decision-making problem between two
moral obligations the decision maker
chooses one despite that would result in
transgressing another
[Music]
let's study the case of angela
angela is a christian and considers
killing is wrong unfortunately
she's having an ectopic pregnancy
the defetus does not develop in the
uterus
therefore if angela continues
with her pregnancy there is a
possibility that she will die
angela is facing two conflicting choices
either she takes abortion
which will save her life but at the same
time compromises
her moral integrity or
does it resort to abortion but endanger
her life
as well as the fetus to complete the
story
angela decided to abort her baby
and chose to live
karen allen emphasized three conditions
must be present for a situation to
consider
an ethical dilemma
the first condition happens when a
person needs
to make a decision about which move
or action is best but
if the situation does not require a
choice for the agent
or there's no choice in the matter it is
not
an ethical dilemma because
there's no ethical violation for that
situation
in the second condition there must be
different
ways of action to choose from a
situation
the third condition there is no perfect
solution
to this situation because some ethical
principle
is compromise in other words
by taking one of the possible moral
obligations the person also fails on
others
here are the types of moral dilemma
epistemic and ontological dilemma
self-imposed and word imposed dilemma
obligation dilemma and prohibition
dilemma
single agent and multi-person dilemma
now let's study each type of moral
dilemma epistemic dilemma
the moral agent here needs fuller
understanding or knowledge before he
decides to select
the morally right one
for instance arlen wants to buy a new
dress
despite that she has a lot of new
clothes that she never wore
at the same time her sister needs
financial help for medicine now
arlene has two options whether she will
buy a new dress that she desires
or give the money to her sister which
one
is morally right in this situation
ontological dilemma on the other hand
involves a condition wherein
two or more moral obligations conflict
with each other
yet neither of these conflicting moral
obligations
disregards each other the moral agent
here can hardly choose between
conflicting
moral obligations the options
are equal in their moral consequences
[Music]
for example there is a disastrous
typhoon
and the flood is continuously increasing
you need to evacuate the place with your
mother and her wife
but there's only one life vest available
to whom will you give the life best
another type is self-imposed dilemma
it is a dilemma caused by the agents
from
the wings
[Music]
for example jay is running for the
position
of senator during the campaign period
he promised to protect the natural
forests of the people
only to gain their votes but at the same
time
he asked financial help from a mining
corporation luckily
jay won as senator in the elections
face the dilemma of fulfilling his
promise to the people
and allows the mining corporation to
destroy the forest
concisely he created a situation
in which can be removed from what
moral obligations
[Music]
a world-imposed dilemma on the other
hand
means that certain events in the world
plays
the agent in a situation of ethical
conflict
[Music]
for example this could be in times
of war or financial crash
[Music]
another type is the obligation dilemma
it is a situation in which more than one
possible
action is obligatory
however if an individual feels obliged
to opt
for several of the choices in front of
them
still can only choose one
for example in the movie
most it tells the story of the close
relationship
between a bridge operator and his young
son
and the fateful day when bot try off
an impending real disaster
a steam train full of hundreds of
passengers
is unaware of the danger as it heads
towards an
open drawbridge in short
the father chose to perform his duty
and save many passengers than his son
however the prohibition dilemma
is the opposite of an obligation dilemma
the choices offered are all the same
level
morally reprehensible or wrong
[Music]
for instance today are many jobless
because of the recession caused by kovid
19 pandemic
marco is a father with five children
he wants to provide the needs of his
family
but there's no vacancy in the job hand
it to the side
snatching or fishing to earn a living
which is morally wrong
another type is single agent dilemma
the moral agent requires acting
on two or more equally the same ethical
options
but she cannot choose both
[Music]
for instance a medical doctor found out
that her patient
has covered 19 for sure
the medical doctor may experience
tension
between the legal requirement to report
the case
and the desire to respect
confidentiality
what the medical code of ethics
acknowledges
the obligation to follow legal
requirements
and to intervene to protect the
vulnerable
in a multi-person dilemma on the other
hand
happens in a situation that involves
several persons like family
an organization or a community
expected to come up with a consensus
decision
on a moral issue at hand the
multi-person dilemma decisions
are more than choosing what is right
and requires that the person involved
reach
a consensus
for example the gcq lockdown
includes the entire communities to come
up
with a consensus decision
okay that's all for today
thank you and god bless
bye
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