Epidemiologia da Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica - Care Sciences

Summary

This video discusses systemic arterial hypertension, a chronic, non-communicable disease with multifactorial origins. Often asymptomatic, it affects the balance between vasodilators and vasoconstrictors and is closely linked to cardiovascular diseases, which are leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The video highlights the prevalence of hypertension globally, particularly in developing countries, and its risk factors including age, gender, obesity, and lifestyle choices. It also emphasizes the importance of early diagnosis, controlling blood pressure, and modifying lifestyle habits for prevention, alongside public health policies and societal engagement.

Takeaways

• 😀 Hypertension is a chronic non-communicable disease with multifactorial origins, often asymptomatic, that affects the balance between vasodilators and vasoconstrictors.
• 😀 Hypertension is closely related to cardiovascular diseases, which are leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, including in Brazil.
• 😀 Approximately 26% of the global adult population suffers from hypertension, with two-thirds of these individuals living in developing countries.
• 😀 In North America, hypertension is found in 69% of first-time acute myocardial infarction cases, 77% in heart failure, and 60% in peripheral arterial disease.
• 😀 In Brazil, hypertension prevalence is around 30%, while Paraguay has 28.8%, and the United States reports 29.3%.
• 😀 Risk factors for hypertension include age, sex, excess weight, sedentary lifestyle, salt and alcohol consumption, socio-economic status, and ethnicity.
• 😀 The life expectancy in Brazil is 74.9 years, with a growing elderly population due to increased life expectancy and rising hypertension risk factors.
• 😀 In Brazil, the prevalence of hypertension is higher among women (25.2%) than men (19.5%).
• 😀 Ethnic groups in Brazil show varying prevalence rates: 11.1% in indigenous populations, 10% in Asian, 26.3% in mixed, 29.4% in white, and 34.8% in black populations.
• 😀 The prevalence of excess weight in Brazil is 52%, with obesity rising from 11.9% to 17.9%, predominantly affecting individuals aged 35-64 and women.
• 😀 High sodium intake in Brazil exceeds the recommended maximum by more than twice, with the average household consumption being 4.7 grams of sodium per person per day.
• 😀 Studies show a higher risk of hypertension with alcohol consumption: 30-40 grams of alcohol per day in women and men increases the risk.
• 😀 Strategies for hypertension prevention globally include public health policies, societal action, and media efforts to promote early diagnosis, blood pressure control, and lifestyle modifications.

Q & A

What is systemic arterial hypertension?

Systemic arterial hypertension is a chronic, non-communicable disease of multifactorial origin, often asymptomatic, that involves an imbalance between vasodilator and vasoconstrictor factors.

How is systemic arterial hypertension related to cardiovascular diseases?

Systemic arterial hypertension is closely linked to cardiovascular diseases, which are the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, including in Brazil.

What is the estimated global prevalence of systemic arterial hypertension in the adult population?

It is estimated that approximately 26% of the global adult population has systemic arterial hypertension.

What is the prevalence of hypertension in Brazil?

In Brazil, the prevalence of hypertension is approximately 30%.

What are some risk factors associated with hypertension?

Risk factors for hypertension include age, sex, excess body weight, sedentary lifestyle, salt and alcohol consumption, socioeconomic factors, and ethnicity.

How does aging impact hypertension in Brazil?

The aging population in Brazil is increasing, which, combined with the rise in hypertension risk factors, is expected to lead to a higher prevalence of hypertension in the coming decades.

Is there a difference in hypertension prevalence between men and women?

Yes, data from the National Health Survey shows a higher prevalence of hypertension in women (25.2%) compared to men (19.5%).

How does ethnicity affect the prevalence of hypertension?

The study 'Corações do Brasil' found that hypertension prevalence varies by ethnicity: 11.1% in the indigenous population, 10% in Asians, 26.3% in whites, and 34.8% in blacks.

What is the relationship between obesity and hypertension in Brazil?

Obesity is a significant risk factor for hypertension in Brazil. Data from the Vigitel survey revealed that 52% of the population is overweight, and obesity increased from 11.9% to 17.9% over a decade.

What impact does alcohol consumption have on hypertension?

Excessive alcohol consumption increases the risk of hypertension. A meta-analysis of 16 studies found that alcohol intake of 30-40 grams per day for women and 31 grams for men is linked to higher hypertension risk.

What are the strategies for preventing systemic arterial hypertension?

Prevention strategies include public health policies, societal actions, and media campaigns aimed at encouraging early diagnosis, blood pressure control, and lifestyle changes to address risk factors.