Ultimate Guide to Camera Movement — Every Camera Movement Technique Explained [The Shot List Ep6]

Summary

This episode of 'The Shot List' explores the art of camera movement in filmmaking, detailing various techniques like static shots, pans, tilts, and zooms. It explains how each movement conveys different emotions and stories, using examples from iconic films. The video also offers a downloadable shot list for filmmakers to plan dynamic scenes, emphasizing the intentional use of camera movements for compelling storytelling.

Takeaways

• 🎥 Films are structured in sequences, scenes, and shots, with each level building upon the other to tell a story.
• 📹 Camera movement is a powerful storytelling tool, with various techniques conveying different emotions and narratives.
• 🔍 The Static Shot, with no camera movement, is used for dialogue, detailed compositions, and to highlight performances, often suggesting a character's helplessness.
• 🔄 The Pan movement rotates the camera horizontally to follow actions or reveal information, with whip pans adding energy to a scene.
• 📐 The Tilt movement directs the camera vertically to capture the world's verticality, giving characters dominance or vulnerability.
• 🔑 The Push In emphasizes a subject or moment, signaling importance and directing the audience's attention to details or internal conflicts.
• 🔍 The Pull Out deemphasizes the subject, often revealing the context of a scene or creating a sense of detachment or abandonment.
• 🔬 The Zoom creates a sense of movement without physically moving the camera, changing the focal length to reveal context or focus on details.
• 🌀 The Dolly Zoom combines physical movement with lens zoom to create the vertigo effect, portraying conflict or highlighting relationships.
• 💫 The Camera Roll turns the camera on its axis to create disorientation or match character movement, often used for thematic reinforcement.
• 🏃 The Tracking Shot moves the camera through the scene, typically following a subject, generating questions about their destination and outcome.
• 🔄 The Trucking Shot moves the camera laterally to follow action or establish the film's world and characters.
• 🌐 The Arc Shot orbits around a subject, adding dynamic movement even when characters are still, often used for moments of unity or tension.
• 📊 The Boom Shot moves the camera vertically to reveal information or follow characters, often used to capture the surrounding world or character actions.
• 🚫 Random camera movement, characterized by shakes and incidental zooms, creates a sense of real-time events and documentary style.

Q & A

What is the basic unit of composition in films according to the script?

The basic unit of composition in films is the shot, which is part of scenes, and scenes are part of sequences.

What is the purpose of camera movement in filmmaking as discussed in the script?

Camera movement in filmmaking is used to create dynamic and compelling work, telling stories and conveying emotions through various movements and their associated language.

What is a Static Shot and why is it used?

A Static Shot is a shot with zero camera movement, often captured by locking the camera to a tripod in a fixed position. It is used for dialogue, precise compositions, or to allow an actor's performance to shine, and can also suggest a character's helplessness.

How can the Pan camera movement be utilized in filmmaking?

The Pan camera movement rotates the camera horizontally to follow a character's actions or reveal information. It can build anticipation with a slow pan or heighten energy with a rapid pan, known as Whip Pans.

What is the effect of a Tilt camera movement in a film?

A Tilt camera movement directs the camera upward or downward and can be used to capture the verticality of a film's world, give a character dominance or vulnerability, or reveal information like a character, setting, or scale.

What is a Push In shot and its purpose in a film?

A Push In shot moves the camera towards a subject to emphasize a moment or detail, signaling to the audience that what is being focused on is important and can also capture a character's thought process or internal conflict.

How does a Pull Out camera movement differ from a Push In and what is its effect?

A Pull Out camera movement deemphasizes the subject by moving the camera away, unlike a Push In which moves towards the subject. It can unveil the context of a scene, its setting, or characters, and can also emphasize negative emotions like isolation or abandonment.

What is a Zoom and how does it create movement in a shot?

A Zoom is not a physical camera movement but creates movement in-camera by changing the focal length of the camera's lens to zoom in or out. It can reveal context around a subject or draw attention to a specific detail, and is unique as it does not have an equivalent in human experience.

What is the Dolly Zoom and how is it used to portray psychological effects?

The Dolly Zoom is a technique that uses both a dolly movement and lens zoom to create the vertigo effect. It can portray conflict, either internal or external, and can also highlight a growing relationship between subjects or create intimacy.

What is the Camera Roll and its impact on the viewer?

The Camera Roll is a rotation that turns the camera on its long axis while maintaining the direction of the lens. It is disorienting and can unsettle the viewer's equilibrium, often used to match character movement in moments of panic or conflict, or to visually reinforce a theme.

How does a Tracking Shot differ from other camera movements and what is its purpose?

A Tracking Shot physically moves the camera through a scene, typically following a subject. Unlike push ins or pull outs, it moves with a subject, generating questions about where the character is going and what will happen when they get there, and is used to immerse the audience directly into a scene.

What is Random Camera Movement and how can it be used stylistically in films?

Random Camera Movement is defined by camera shake, incidental zooms, or any movement that happens on the fly. It can create a subjective experience for a more intimate effect, a documentary look, or give the impression that events are happening in real-time without control.

How can multiple camera movements be combined in a single scene to enhance the storytelling?

Multiple camera movements can be combined in a single scene to create a thrilling and engaging experience for the audience. Each movement can reflect the state of mind of characters and intensify the effect of the scene, as demonstrated in the script's reference to 'Star Wars: The Rise of Skywalker'.

Outlines

00:00

🎥 Introduction to Camera Movement

The script opens with an introduction to the concept of camera movement in filmmaking, emphasizing the importance of understanding various movements to create dynamic and compelling narratives. It mentions the episode's focus on camera movements and their storytelling roles, introducing the idea of a shot list for reference. The paragraph also describes the static shot, its uses in dialogue, composition, and performance emphasis, and how it can convey a sense of entrapment or helplessness in characters.

05:02

🔄 The Pan and Tilt Techniques

This paragraph delves into the pan and tilt camera movements. Panning is described as a horizontal rotation that can follow character actions or reveal information, with examples from Wes Anderson's films. Tilt, the vertical counterpart, is used to capture verticality and convey dominance or vulnerability. Both movements are illustrated with examples from films like 'Inception' and 'The Dark Knight', highlighting how they can accentuate narrative moments.

10:06

📐 Push In and Pull Out Movements

The push in and pull out camera movements are explored in this section. A push in shot is characterized by its movement towards a subject to emphasize a moment or detail, often signaling importance to the audience. Examples from 'The Godfather' and 'The Post' illustrate its use in highlighting internal conflict or thought processes. Conversely, a pull out movement de-emphasizes the subject and can reveal scene context or evoke emotions like isolation, as demonstrated in scenes from 'Catch Me If You Can' and 'Joker'.

15:08

🔬 Zoom and Dolly Zoom Effects

The script discusses zoom shots, which alter the focal length of the lens to create a sense of movement towards or away from the subject. Zooms can reveal context or focus on details, and are often used in horror and thriller films to create unease. The paragraph also introduces the dolly zoom, a combination of physical camera movement and lens zoom, made famous in 'Vertigo'. It explains how the dolly zoom can portray conflict, relationships, or intimacy, with examples from 'Raging Bull' and 'Bohemian Rhapsody'.

20:09

🌀 Camera Roll and Tracking Shots

This section introduces the camera roll, which turns the camera on its axis to create a disorienting effect, often used to match character movement or reinforce themes, as seen in 'The Dark Knight'. The tracking shot, which moves the camera through a scene following a subject, is described as a way to generate immersion and build tension, with examples from 'Three Billboards Outside Ebbing, Missouri' and 'Elephant'. The paragraph also touches on trucking shots, which move the camera laterally.

25:10

🌐 Arc and Boom Shots

Arc shots, which orbit around a subject, are detailed in this paragraph. They add dynamic movement even when characters are stationary and can centralize focus for moments of intimacy, panic, or heroism, as illustrated in scenes from 'The Avengers' and 'The Dark Knight'. Boom shots, which move the camera vertically, are also discussed, with 'Full Metal Jacket' as an example of how they can follow action and reveal character mental states.

🚫 Random Camera Movements

The final paragraph covers random camera movements, characterized by shakes, incidental zooms, and on-the-fly movements. These movements can create a subjective, intimate effect or a documentary look, as seen in 'The Big Short' and 'Succession'. The paragraph explains how random movement can give the impression of real-time events and enhance the intensity of a scene, as demonstrated in the climactic scene from 'Se7en'.

🌟 Conclusion and Future Outlook

The script concludes by summarizing the importance of intentional use of camera movements in filmmaking. It encourages viewers to identify different camera movements in a scene from 'Star Wars: The Rise of Skywalker' and hints at the next episode's focus on camera lenses. The paragraph wraps up with a call to action for viewers to subscribe for more content on the shot list series.

Keywords

💡Camera Movement

Camera movement refers to the technique of moving the camera to add visual interest and dynamic storytelling to a film. In the video, it is the central theme, as it discusses various types of movements and their impact on narrative and emotion. For instance, the 'Pan' is a horizontal rotation that can follow a character's actions or reveal information, as shown in the script when it mentions 'Pans can be used to follow a character's actions.'

💡Static Shot

A static shot is a type of camera setup where the camera remains motionless on a fixed position, typically mounted on a tripod. It is used for dialogue, precise compositions, or to emphasize an actor's performance. The script illustrates this with examples such as dialogue-heavy scenes and moments that capture a character's helplessness, like the scene from 'Dunkirk' where a static shot is used to intensify the feeling of entrapment.

💡Pan

A pan is a camera movement that rotates the camera horizontally while keeping it in a fixed location. It can be used to follow a subject or reveal new information. The video script mentions that 'Pans can be used to follow a character's actions' and also to build anticipation or heighten energy with slow or rapid pans, respectively.

💡Tilt

A tilt is a vertical camera movement that directs the camera upward or downward. It is used to capture the verticality of a scene or to convey a character's dominance or vulnerability. The script provides an example from 'Inception' where Nolan uses a tilt to capture the awe and scale of a dream world distortion.

💡Push In

A push in is a camera movement where the camera physically moves towards a subject, often used to emphasize a moment or detail. The script explains that it serves as a visual cue to the audience that something is important, such as in the scene from 'The Post' where it captures a character's internal conflict.

💡Pull Out

A pull out is the opposite of a push in, where the camera moves away from the subject to de-emphasize it or reveal the context of a scene. The script uses 'Catch Me If You Can' as an example, where a pull out in the final shot detaches the audience from the character, symbolizing the end of the story.

💡Zoom

A zoom involves changing the focal length of the camera lens to get closer to (zoom in) or further from (zoom out) a subject without physically moving the camera. The script notes that zooms are unique because they create a movement that doesn't have an equivalent in human experience, and they can be used to draw attention to details or create uneasiness, as seen in horror films.

💡Dolly Zoom

A dolly zoom is a combination of a dolly movement and lens zoom that creates a disorienting effect known as the vertigo effect. The script describes two ways it can be used: dollying in while zooming out to portray conflict, or dollying out while zooming in to emphasize a subject, as in 'Raging Bull' where it's used to highlight the main character's perspective during a fight.

💡Camera Roll

A camera roll is a rotation of the camera on its long axis while maintaining the direction of the lens, which can be disorienting and unsettling. The script mentions its use in 'The Dark Knight' to visually reinforce the theme of power reversal when the Joker, despite being captured, still holds the upper hand.

💡Tracking Shot

A tracking shot is a camera movement that physically follows a subject as they move through a scene. The script explains that it generates questions about where the character is going and what will happen when they arrive, creating a sense of immersion and anticipation, as demonstrated in 'Three Billboards Outside Ebbing, Missouri'.

💡Arc Shot

An arc shot is a camera movement that orbits around a subject, often used to add dynamic movement when characters are standing still. The script describes its use in 'The Avengers' to unify the characters as a single unit, and in 'The Dark Knight' to underscore the tension between characters.

💡Boom Shot

A boom shot moves the camera vertically up or down, typically using a crane, jib, or pedestal. The script illustrates its use in 'Full Metal Jacket' to follow a character's physical movement and to reveal information about their mental state.

💡Random Movement

Random movement involves uncontrolled camera shake or incidental zooms to create a documentary look or a subjective experience. The script mentions its use in 'The Big Short' and 'Succession' to give the impression of real-time events and in 'Se7en' to reflect the state of mind of the characters.

Highlights

Films are composed of sequences, scenes, and shots, each with specific movements and stories.

Episode six of 'The Shot List' focuses on camera movement and its storytelling impact.

Static shots, captured with a fixed camera, are ideal for dialogue and showcasing actor performances.

Static shots can also convey a sense of entrapment or helplessness in characters.

The Pan camera movement horizontally follows characters or reveals information.

Whip Pans rapidly shift the camera to heighten energy and create relationships between characters.

Tilts move the camera vertically to capture the verticality of a film's world and convey dominance or vulnerability.

Push In shots emphasize moments and direct audience attention to important details or character thoughts.

Pull Out shots de-emphasize subjects and can unveil scene context or evoke negative emotions like isolation.

Zooms, despite not being physical movements, create a sense of movement in-camera and can reveal context or details.

Crash Zooms are used for dramatic or comedic effects, as seen in 'Django Unchained'.

The Dolly Zoom technique combines dolly movement and lens zoom to create the vertigo effect, portraying conflict or intimacy.

Camera Roll turns the camera on its axis to create disorientation and match character movement in panic.

Tracking shots physically move the camera through a scene, following subjects to build tension or immersion.

Trucking shots move the camera laterally to follow characters or establish the film's world.

Arc shots orbit around a subject, adding dynamic movement even when characters are stationary.

Boom Shots move the camera vertically to follow action or capture the surrounding world.

Random camera movement, characterized by shakes and incidental zooms, creates a documentary look and a sense of real-time events.

Combining multiple camera movements in a single scene can enhance the narrative and emotional impact.

Using tools like StudioBinder for shot listing can simplify the planning of scenes with various camera movements.

Transcripts

Films are made up of sequences.

Sequences are made up of scenes.

And scenes are made up of shots.

In our last episode,

we discussed the types of camera rigs

used to move the camera.

♪ ♪

But in this episode,

we'll be going over what those movements are.

And the stories they tell.

This is episode six of "The Shot List".

Camera movement.

There are countless variations of camera movement

each with their own language and purpose.

A filmmaker who understands this language

can create dynamic and compelling work.

We'll be examining different types of camera movements.

Along the way, we'll be updating a shot list of these camera movements

in a StudioBinder shot list.

Which you can download and reference in your upcoming projects.

Now, let's get moving.

Let's begin with a shot that has no camera movement at all.

This is the Static Shot.

Static shots are commonly captured

by locking the camera to a tripod in a fixed position.

The result is a shot with zero camera movement.

This is great for dialogue.

"- What business is it of yours where I'm from...

...friendo?"

Precise painterly compositions.

"- Redmond. Nice to see you."

Or shots that allow an actor's performance to shine.

"- I'm funny, how? Funny like a clown? I amuse you?

I make you laugh? I'm here to f*cking amuse you?

What do you mean, funny? Funny how? How am I funny?

- Get the f*ck out of here, Tommy.

- Motherf*cker! I almost had him! I almost had him!

You stuttering prick, you!"

Sometimes filmmakers use static shots to trap a character

and suggest their helplessness.

Like this moment from "Dunkirk".

In this scene from "12 Years of Slave",

the static shot holds on Solomon's lynching.

He is helpless

and we are not allowed to look away.

Its cruelty is amplified by stillness.

A moving camera

might've matched Solomon's panic,

but this static shot

with its neutral and cold perspective

is far more unsettling.

Let's move on to our next camera movement.

The Pan.

A pan rotates the camera horizontally,

Left or Right,

while remaining in a fixed location.

Pans can be used to follow a character's actions.

Or be used to reveal information.

Which is something, Wes Anderson does frequently.

"- 4 minutes, 48 seconds.

We're all dead. Burned to a crisp."

Moving on.

A slow pan builds anticipation.

While a rapid pan heightens the energy of a shot.

These are known as Whip Pans.

♪ ♪

Director Damien Chazelle uses whip pans

to create relationships between characters.

In "La La Land", he amps up the energy in the scene.

While underscoring the growing synergy

between Sebastian and Mia.

He uses the same technique

for a different effect in "Whiplash".

No pun intended.

♪ ♪

In the final scene, whip pans are precisely timed

with the give and take of the music.

♪ ♪

Accenting the combative relationship

between Andrew and Fletcher.

To learn more about whip pans,

check out our video,

where we break down how to use them to build energy

and transition through time and space.

Panning is ideal for horizontal movement.

But what about the vertical axis?

The tilt.

A tilt directs the camera upward or downward.

Filmmakers use tilts to capture the verticality of a film's world.

This can be used to give a character dominance.

Or vulnerability.

"- Yes, we're men.

Men is what we are."

Similar to a pan, a tilt can reveal information.

Like a character.

Setting.

Or scale.

♪ ♪

"- Who are the people?

- Projections in my subconscious.

- Yours. - Yes."

In "Inception", Ariadne tests how much of the dream world, she can distort.

"- My question is what happens when you start messing with the physics of it?"

♪ ♪

Nolan tilts up to capture the awe

and scale of this spectacular moment.

♪ ♪

The visceral effect of being on the street,

looking upward at such a spectacle

is accentuated with a simple camera tilt.

"- It's something, isn't it?

- Yes, it is."

Switching our attention from upward or downward,

our next camera movement takes us inward.

Push In.

The push in shot

moves the camera towards a subject.

Pushing the camera is all about emphasizing a moment.

"- Get our informers to find out where it's going to be held."

A visual cue to the audience

that this is important.

"- ...it's a public place. A bar, a restaurant.

Some place where there are people, so I feel safe.

But if Clemenza can figure out a way

to have a weapon planted there for me

then I'll kill them both."

You can push in on an external detail, such as an object.

Or text.

In doing so, filmmakers can direct our attention to a specific detail.

Or it can capture a character thought process.

Like in this moment from "The Post",

when Ben comes to terms

with exposing the infamous Pentagon papers.

A Push-in is an effective way to communicate internal conflict.

Like in the iconic restaurant scene in "The Godfather".

Michael Corleone is about to kill a man who tried to kill his father.

"- Your father is in bad shape."

It will be a life changing decision.

A point of no return into the underworld.

"- This fighting has to end."

A slow push in towards Michael elevates the tension,

as we watch him wrestle with the consequences

and gathering the courage to pull the trigger.

Which leads us to our next camera movement,

the opposite of the push in

is the Pull Out.

Unlike pushing in,

pulling the camera deemphasizes the subject.

A sort of signal to disconnect from the characters.

It can unveil the context of a scene.

Its setting.

Or its characters.

As subjects grew smaller,

a pull out can detach us from a scene.

Or the entire film.

Like in the final shot from "Catch Me If You Can".

The same movement can also emphasize

negative emotions like isolation.

Or abandonment.

In this scene from "Joker",

we see Arthur at his most vulnerable.

This camera movement away from him

highlights his helplessness

and rather than push in to help us sympathize with Arthur

director Todd Phillips pulls away, abandoning him.

Our next movement directs our attention

without moving the camera at all.

Enter the Zoom.

A zoom may not be a camera movement per se,

but there is movement created in camera.

Zoom shots change the focal length of the camera's lens.

To zoom in.

Or zoom out.

Similar to pulling back a camera

zooming out can reveal the context around a subject.

Like this opening shot from "The Graduate".

Zooms are unique

because there is no equivalent in the human experience.

Like a push in,

we can physically move closer to a subject,

but our eyes can't zoom

making this camera movement unnatural.

"- Shouldn't we give him to the authorities or something?

- No."

It can also draw our attention to a specific detail.

Many horror, thriller films

use a slow zoom to create uneasiness.

"- You said she's a conduit. - That's right.

- What does that mean?

- A very powerful demonic has latched itself onto her."

And Stanley Kubrick is a master of this technique.

This iconic shot from "The Shining"

slowly zooms in to highlight

Jack's descent into madness.

The use of a zoom doesn't stop there.

A fast zoom is known as a Crash Zoom.

Crush zooms can often be used for either dramatic

or comedic effect.

In "Django Unchained",

Quentin Tarantino uses the crash zoom repeatedly.

For comedy.

"- Just seems like a good bit of fun."

Drama.

Or both.

"- No! Calvin!"

Now what happens when you pair the in-camera movement of a zoom

with physical movements of a camera?

It's none other then the Dolly Zoom.

A Dolly Zoom utilizes both a dolly movement

and lens zoom

to create something called the vertigo effect.

Named after its dramatic use in Hitchcock's "Vertigo".

A dolly zoom can be done two different ways.

The first is by dollying in

while zooming out.

This causes the background to grow in size

while maintaining the scale of the foreground.

This is commonly used to portray conflict in a shot

either internal.

"- It broke my heart to put that tumor in her head.

- What?"

Or external conflict.

The second way is by dollying out

while zooming in.

This causes the foreground subject to become dominant over the background.

The dolly zoom can be used to highlight a growing relationship

between two subjects.

Like in this scene from "Raging Bull"

where Scorsese slows everything down.

"- Come on. Come on."

The Dolly zoom pushes the crowd further into the background,

as we occupy Jake's POV

and battered tunnel vision.

We are no longer watching a fight.

We are in it.

In "Bohemian Rhapsody",

the dolly zoom draws the audience closer to Freddy

as a way to create intimacy

between one musician

and his adoring fans.

DP Newton Thomas Sigel

explains why they chose to use the dolly zoom for this shot.

"- The camera continues to come around him

and we're still in this wide lens.

So as we come around,

you can see that the audience is very far from him.

But now, he's beginning to come into his own.

The audience is coming into it.

And by using the dolly zoom,

we're bringing the audience closer and closer and closer.

Freddie is not getting any bigger in the frame,

but the audience is getting closer

simply by changing the focal length of the lens

and the proximity of the camera to the subject."

A dolly zoom can be a versatile choice

in any shot list

to convey either positive

or negative psychological effects.

Our next camera movement is a rotation known as

The Camera Roll.

A roll turns the camera on its long axis

while maintaining the direction of the lens.

A camera roll is disorienting,

unsettling our equilibrium.

♪ ♪

Rolls can be used to match character movement

in moments of panic.

Or conflict.

Camera rolls can be disconcerting.

Like when a villain assumes the throne.

They can also be used to visually reinforce theme.

Like in this moment from "The Dark Knight".

"- Oh, you.

- You just couldn't let me go, could you?

This is what happens when an unstoppable force...

...meets an immovable object."

The Joker is captured,

strung upside down and defenseless.

But as the camera slowly rolls over,

he reveals that he still has the upper hand.

"- What did you do?

- I took Gotham's white knight...

...and I brought him down to our level."

This reversal of power

is matched with a simple,

yet meaningful camera roll.

With great effect

a camera roll can accent movement

or dramatic shifts in the narrative.

Let's move on to our next camera movement.

The tracking shot.

A tracking shot physically moves the camera through a scene.

Typically following a subject.

Tracking shots differ from push ins

or pull outs.

Because they don't simply move toward

or away from a subject.

They move with a subject.

The subjects are on the move

and the camera tracks with them

wherever they go.

When done purposefully, they generate two questions.

Where is this character going?

And what will happen when they get there?

This is perfect for long takes that are meant to immerse the audience

directly into a scene.

Like in this long take from "Three Billboards Outside Ebbing, Missouri".

♪ ♪

Director Martin McDonagh ops to use a handheld tracking shot

to create a visceral documentary-style effect.

It also draws our attention to specific actions,

like when we see officer Dixon

flip his gun at the last moment

deciding to not shoot.

♪ ♪

"- What the hell is going on?"

♪ ♪

Tracking shots can also be used to build tension.

Gus van Sant's "Elephant"

is filled with extensive tracking shots.

They follow the murderers and the victims

of a tragic school shooting.

The smooth, steady cam shots

accent the seemingly endless corridors

that allow dreadful anticipation

of the impending massacre.

So a tracking shot either follows

or leads a subject.

But when the camera moves laterally, left or right

it is referred to as

a Trucking Shot.

♪ ♪

"- Morning, Gadge.

- Morning, sir."

In this scene from "Moonrise Kingdom",

Wes Anderson continuously

trucks the camera right.

To follow scoutmaster Ward

through his morning inspection of Camp Ivanhoe.

"- Latrine inspection."

By doing so,

Anderson establishes both a world of the film

and its characters

in storybook fashion.

"- Roosevelt, how's that lanyard coming?

- Horrible."

To learn more about how to shoot better tracking shots,

watch our video, where we explore how to combine

this movement with location,

production design,

and blocking to create a powerful effect.

The link is in the description.

Tracking shots can be engaging

by following the actions of a character.

But how do you create energy in a shot

where characters are standing still.

Consider the arc shot.

The arc shot is a camera movement

that orbits around a subject.

This orbit is typically a horizontal arc.

But it can also be vertical.

Arc shots add dynamic movement

when characters may be standing completely still.

Like in this hero shot from "The Avengers",

which unifies them as a single unit

against surrounding threats.

Arc shots keep our focus centralized on the subject

for moments of intimacy.

Panic.

Or heroism.

And what about this shot from "The Dark Knight"?

What kind of effect does the arc shot create?

"- As soon as your office got involved...

- My office?

You're sitting down there with scum like..."

The arc shot underscores the tension

and reeling panic between Gordon and Dent.

"- Don't try and cloud the fact that clearly Maroni's got people in your office, Dent."

And the tension only comes to a stop,

once our hero poses a solution.

"- If I get him to you, can you get him to talk?

- I'll get him to sing."

When the speed of an arc shot is amplified,

it can create a dizzying effect,

reflect of character's mental state.

Like in "City of God",

when Rocket is caught in the middle of a standoff.

Now that we've analyzed how to move a camera left.

Right.

In.

Out and around.

Let's take a look at how we move the camera vertically

with the Boom Shot.

A Boom Shot moves a camera up

or down.

Utilizing a crane, jib, or pedestal.

Small boom movements are coming to use to reveal information.

While large boom movements

can be used to follow characters in the action.

Or to capture the world surrounding them.

" - Quickly! Move it up, Pyle! Move it up!"

In this scene, from "Full Metal Jacket",

Stanley Kubrick uses a boom shot

to follow Private Pile up an obstacle

while Sergeant Hartman berates him.

"- Private Pyle, whatever you do, don't fall down!

That would break my f*cking heart!"

The reveal of Hartman at the top has a comedic effect,

but the real purpose of the shot

is to reinforce Pile's mental state.

"- Get up and over!

Move it, move it!

Are you quitting on me?

Well, are you?

Then quit..."

In a single take, Kubrick booms up

to follow Pile's hopeful attempt.

And booms down

phase inevitable defeat.

"- Now! Move it!

I'm going to rip your balls off

so you can't contaminate the rest of the world!

I will motivate you, Private Pyle...

...if it short-dicks every cannibal on the Congo!"

Most camera movements are highly precise.

Controlled.

But sometimes filmmakers want to produce movement without control.

Which brings us to our final camera movement.

Random movement.

Random camera movement is defined by camera shake,

incidental zooms,

or any movement that happens on the fly.

Camera shake is often added subtly

to create a subjective experience

for more intimate effect.

Arbitrary zooms and random camera movement

can be used stylistically to create a documentary look.

"- Institutions treat these CDOs like they're as solid as treasury bonds,

and they're going to zero."

Which is a technique

that Adam McKay uses in "The Big Short".

"- You're managing a fund of, what, $555 million?

- I don't know how to be funny.

I don't know how to work people.

I just know how to read numbers."

And "Succession".

"- Have you thought about the possibility that

your children are actually scared of you?

- Oh, f*ck off."

Random movement gives the impression

that events are happening in real-time

when nothing is planned

and anything can happen.

"- Throw your gun down!

- I visited your home this morning...

After you'd left."

This climactic scene from David Fincher's "Se7en"

has two types of shots.

Controlled.

And chaotic.

"- What's he talking about?

- Give me your gun. - What's going on over there?

Put the, ugh... Put the gun down.

- I saw you with a box. What was in the box?"

Notice how each shot

reflects the state of mind of each character.

Mills' panic.

"- You tell me that's not true. That's not true."

And John Doe's calm.

By mixing these styles in the same scene,

the effect of both is intensified.

Now that we've covered all of the camera movements

that filmmakers have at their disposal,

let's take a look at how multiple camera movements

can be combined in a single scene.

In this scene from "Star Wars: The Rise of Skywalker",

director JJ Abrams uses a variety of camera movements

to keep the scene thrilling and engaging.

We've attempted to pinpoint each movement.

Watch the scene closely

and see if you can spot every type of camera movement.

"- Rey!"

So, did you identify all of the different camera movements?

Planning out a scene with various types of camera movements can be daunting.

But using shot listing tools like StudioBinder

makes it a straightforward process.

While there are countless examples of camera movement in film,

remember that the best uses are always intentional.

In the next episode of the shot list,

we'll explore camera lenses.

And how choosing the right lens

is essential for executing a perfect shot.

Subscribe, click the bell,

and we'll see you in the next episode.

♪ ♪