Запор у ребенка в первые месяцы жизни. 7 домашних советов при запоре от профессора Няньковского

Summary

Constipation in young children is a common concern for parents. This video addresses the causes, symptoms, and treatment options for constipation in infants and toddlers. It explains how factors like diet, hydration, and allergies contribute to the condition, and provides practical tips for managing it, such as gentle exercises, proper nutrition, and hydration. The video emphasizes when to seek medical advice, especially if symptoms persist or worsen. Overall, it offers expert guidance on ensuring a healthy digestive system for young children and preventing constipation-related complications.

Takeaways

• 😀 Functional constipation is common in infants and can usually be treated effectively without surgical intervention.
• 😀 The first stool, meconium, is dark green or black, transitioning to yellow-green once the baby starts feeding.
• 😀 Breastfed babies usually have mustard-like stool, while formula-fed babies have a brown or yellow stool, which can turn green with hypoallergenic formulas.
• 😀 Hard, dry stools may indicate dehydration, either from insufficient fluid intake or fluid loss due to illness or fever.
• 😀 Constipation is typically diagnosed when there are long intervals between bowel movements, often less than 2 or 3 times a week.
• 😀 Signs of constipation include difficulty passing stool, hard or pellet-like stool, and pain or discomfort during defecation.
• 😀 95% of constipation cases in infants are functional and not related to any serious underlying disease.
• 😀 Common causes of constipation include poor feeding routines, improper weaning, food allergies, and insufficient milk intake.
• 😀 The transition to formula feeding can cause constipation due to the lack of prebiotics in some formulas, but modern formulas are designed to minimize these issues.
• 😀 If constipation is associated with a milk protein allergy, symptoms may include skin rashes and dry skin, often linked to atopic dermatitis.
• 😀 Parents should monitor hydration, the type of formula used, and avoid improper feeding techniques to help prevent and treat constipation.

Q & A

What is meconium, and when does it pass in newborns?

Meconium is the first stool of a newborn, which is a dark green or black substance that filled the intestines before birth. After the meconium is passed, the stool typically becomes yellowish-green in color.

How does the stool of a breastfed baby differ from a formula-fed baby?

A breastfed baby's stool typically resembles mustard, with grainy particles, while a formula-fed baby's stool is usually brown or yellow in color. If the baby is on hypoallergenic formula, the stool may be green.

When should parents be concerned about their baby's stool?

Parents should be concerned if the baby experiences long intervals between bowel movements (less than two per week), struggles with significant straining, has hard or fragmented stools, or shows signs of pain, discomfort, or blood in the stool.

What are common causes of constipation in infants?

Common causes include dietary factors such as an early or rapid transition to formula feeding, improper feeding routines, food allergies (like cow's milk protein allergy), insufficient hydration, or a lack of proper suckling. Other factors can be related to general weakness, reflux, and gastrointestinal conditions.

What is the role of hydration in preventing constipation in infants?

Insufficient hydration or fluid loss due to fever or illness can contribute to constipation in infants. Ensuring proper hydration is crucial to prevent the stool from becoming too hard and dry.

What should parents do if their baby is diagnosed with functional constipation?

If the constipation is functional (non-organic), parents should focus on adjusting feeding routines, ensuring adequate hydration, and possibly introducing gentle dietary changes such as hypoallergenic formulas or fruits and vegetables. If symptoms persist, consulting a pediatrician is advised.

How can parents identify if a baby has a food allergy related to constipation?

Symptoms of food allergies, like cow's milk protein allergy, may include rashes, dry skin, or even blood in the stool. If a baby shows these signs, parents should consult a pediatrician and consider eliminating dairy from the mother's diet (if breastfeeding) or using hypoallergenic formulas.

What are the potential risks of prolonged constipation in infants?

Prolonged constipation can increase intra-abdominal pressure, leading to discomfort, pain, and a disrupted digestive process. It may also result in intestinal issues like megacolon, affect normal microbiota, and increase the risk of gastrointestinal infections.

How can parents relieve constipation in babies at home?

Simple remedies include gentle tummy massages in a circular motion, providing small amounts of diluted fruit juice (like apple or prune juice), and ensuring proper hydration. Mild exercises like moving the baby's legs as if riding a bicycle can also help.

When should parents seek medical advice for their baby’s constipation?

Parents should consult a doctor if the baby’s constipation lasts more than two weeks, is accompanied by fever, weight loss, refusal to eat, blood in the stool, significant abdominal distention, or vomiting. These could be signs of a more serious condition.