Les espèces animales envahissante de l'Australie et du Canada

Monde animal – TV5 / Unis TV

2 Aug 202104:23

Summary

TLDRThe video script discusses the impact of invasive species in Australia and Canada, highlighting cultural icons like the wild horse which, despite being a threat to the ecosystem, is revered and even depicted on Australian currency. It also touches on the devastation caused by rabbits, the red fox's unintended predatory effects, and the Asian carp's disruption of aquatic ecosystems. The script then shifts to Canada, where species like the zebra mussel, emerald ash borer, and the Caucasian broomrape are causing significant ecological and infrastructural issues, emphasizing the urgent need for action against these invaders.

Takeaways

🐴 Australia has a problem with invasive species like wild horses that threaten the integrity and value of its unique ecosystems.
🐴 The wild horse is a cultural icon in Australia, even appearing on Australian currency, leading to controversy over drastic measures to reduce their numbers.
🐰 Rabbits are a significant invasive species in Australia, introduced for hunting pleasure, causing damage by over-grazing and slowing vegetation regeneration.
🦊 The red fox was introduced to Australia as a game animal for recreational hunting, but it has had a devastating effect, contributing to the extinction of several mammal species and endangering 62 more.
🇨🇦 Canada is also threatened by invasive species, including mussels, beetles, and fish, posing serious ecological challenges.
🐟 Asian carp were intentionally introduced to the United States in the 1960s to clean algae from aquaculture ponds, but they have since escaped and are wreaking havoc by consuming all plankton and the food of many aquatic species.
🐞 The emerald ash borer, a beetle from Asia, is suspected to have arrived in Canada hidden in ash wood, and its larvae burrow under the bark, disrupting the tree's ability to transport nutrients and leading to tree death.
🐚 The zebra mussel is another invasive species causing problems in Canada, feeding on available plankton and negatively affecting indigenous fish and other mollusks.
🌿 There are over 1440 invasive plant species in Canada, which, along with animals, pose a threat to native ecosystems.
🏆 The script mentions a 'ranking' of invasive species threatening Canada, highlighting the urgency and scale of the problem.

Q & A

What is the main concern regarding the wild horses in the Australian Alps?
-The main concern is that the wild horses threaten the integrity and value of the unique ecosystem in the Australian Alps.
Why are wild horses considered a cultural icon in Australia?
-Wild horses are a cultural icon in Australia because they even appear on Australian currency, making them a significant part of the nation's identity.
What is the controversy surrounding the measures to reduce the number of wild horses in Australia?
-The controversy lies in the fact that people are against drastic measures to reduce the number of wild horses due to their cultural significance.
Why were rabbits introduced to Australia and what problems have they caused?
-Rabbits were introduced for hunting pleasure, but they have caused significant damage by overgrazing vegetation, slowing down plant regeneration, and causing issues for farmers.
What was the initial purpose of introducing the red fox to Australia?
-The red fox was introduced as game for recreational hunting, but it has had a devastating effect on the ecosystem.
How has the red fox contributed to the endangerment of native species in Australia?
-The red fox, being a fierce predator, has contributed to the extinction of several mammal species and currently endangers 62 other species.
What invasive species are threatening Canada according to the transcript?
-Canada is threatened by invasive mussels, beetles, and fish, which are some of the most terrifying animals to have arrived there.
What is the impact of the Asian carp on the aquatic ecosystem in the United States and Canada?
-Asian carp, introduced to clean algae in aquaculture basins, have caused havoc by eating all the plankton and food of many aquatic species, as they have no natural predators.
What is the emerald ash borer and how does it affect trees?
-The emerald ash borer is a small, bright green beetle from Asia, about 1.5 cm long. Its larvae bore into the bark of ash trees, disrupting the flow of nutrients and water, leading to the tree's death.
What is the zebra mussel and why is it problematic for infrastructure and native species?
-The zebra mussel can cause significant problems for infrastructure as they feed on all available plankton, to the detriment of indigenous fish and other mollusks. They also allow aquatic plants to grow at greater depths, reducing water transparency.
How many invasive species were identified in Canada in 2002, and what was the estimated cost of their impact?
-In 2002, there were 1440 identified invasive species in Canada, with an estimated cost of 1.8 billion dollars due to their impact.

Outlines

00:00

🐎 Invasive Species in Australia

The first paragraph discusses the issue of invasive species in Australia, particularly the wild horse, which threatens the integrity and value of the unique ecosystem in the Australian Alps. The wild horse is a cultural icon and even appears on Australian currency, leading to controversy over drastic measures to reduce their numbers. The paragraph also mentions other invasive animals like rabbits and the red fox, which were introduced for hunting purposes but have had devastating effects on native species and vegetation.

🐟 Invasive Animals Threatening Canada

This paragraph highlights the threat of invasive species to Canada, including mussels, beetles, and fish, which are described as the 'scariest' animals. The speaker humorously suggests that these species are not impressive in appearance but pose a serious problem. The paragraph mentions the Caucasus berry bug and other invasive plants, with a total of 1440 exotic invasive species identified in 2002, including plants and animals. The speaker then introduces a 'palmarès' or ranking of the most feared invasive species in Canada.

Mindmap

Keywords

💡Invasive species

Invasive species are non-native organisms that have been introduced to a new environment where they are not controlled by natural predators or diseases, and can cause harm to the local ecosystem. In the video, the theme revolves around various invasive species in Australia and Canada, such as the wild horses in the Australian Alps and the Asian carp in the United States and Canada, which are causing significant ecological damage.

💡Wild horses

Wild horses, specifically mentioned in the context of the Australian Alps, are an example of an invasive species that is culturally iconic yet poses a threat to the local ecosystem. The script discusses the controversy surrounding measures to reduce their population, highlighting the cultural significance of these animals as seen on Australian currency.

💡Rabbits

Rabbits are highlighted as an invasive species in Australia that were introduced for recreational hunting but have caused extensive ecological damage by overgrazing vegetation and slowing down plant regeneration. The script uses the example of rabbits to illustrate the unintended consequences of introducing non-native species.

💡Red fox

The red fox was introduced to Australia as a game animal for recreational hunting. However, it has had a devastating effect as a predator, contributing to the extinction of several mammal species and currently endangering 62 others. The script discusses the red fox as an example of an invasive species that has had a significant negative impact on native wildlife.

💡Asian carp

Asian carp were intentionally introduced to the United States in the 1960s to control algae in aquaculture ponds. However, they escaped and have since caused ecological damage by consuming plankton and the food of many aquatic species, outcompeting native fish. The script mentions the Asian carp as an invasive species in North America.

💡Emerald ash borer

The emerald ash borer is a small, bright green beetle native to Asia, suspected to have arrived in North America via wooden ash tree cargo. Its larvae bore into ash trees, disrupting the flow of nutrients and leading to tree death. The script uses this beetle as an example of an invasive species causing damage to specific tree species.

💡Zebra mussels

Zebra mussels are invasive species that can cause significant problems for infrastructure by clogging water systems. They feed on available plankton, which can negatively impact indigenous fish and other mollusks. The script identifies zebra mussels as a top invasive species in Canada, affecting both the ecosystem and human-made structures.

💡Ecosystem integrity

Ecosystem integrity refers to the stable and healthy condition of an ecological system. The video discusses how invasive species like wild horses and Asian carp threaten the integrity of unique ecosystems by disrupting the balance of species and their habitats.

💡Cultural icon

A cultural icon is a person or thing that is widely recognized and has become a symbol of a culture. In the script, the wild horse is mentioned as a cultural icon in Australia, which complicates efforts to manage their invasive impact on the environment.

💡Recreational hunting

Recreational hunting is the act of hunting for leisure or sport rather than for sustenance. The script mentions that species like rabbits and red foxes were introduced to Australia for recreational hunting, but they have since become invasive and problematic.

💡Ecological damage

Ecological damage refers to the harm caused to an ecosystem, often resulting from human activities or the introduction of non-native species. The video script discusses various examples of ecological damage caused by invasive species in both Australia and Canada.

Highlights

Australia has a significant issue with invasive species, including feral horses in the Australian Alps that threaten the ecosystem's integrity and value.

Feral horses are culturally iconic in Australia, even appearing on Australian currency, leading to controversy over measures to reduce their population.

Invasive species in Australia, such as rabbits, were introduced for recreational hunting but have caused extensive damage to the environment.

The red fox was introduced to Australia as game for recreational hunting, but it has had a devastating effect, contributing to the extinction of several mammal species and endangering 62 others.

In Canada, there is a serious problem with invasive species such as zebra mussels, Asian carp, and the emerald ash borer.

Zebra mussels can cause significant problems for infrastructure by feeding on plankton, harming indigenous fish and other mollusks.

Asian carp were introduced to the United States in the 1960s to clean algae in aquaculture basins but have since escaped and are causing havoc by consuming all the plankton and food of many aquatic species.

The emerald ash borer, a small beetle from Asia, is suspected to have arrived in Canada via wooden ash tree cargo, causing significant damage to ash trees.

Invasive plants in Canada have been counted at 1440 exotic species, including the Caucasus thistle, which poses a threat to native plants.

The transcript discusses the need for awareness and action against invasive species to protect the environment and biodiversity.

The palmarès des animaux menace apam nasa, which ranks the most threatening invasive species in Canada, is mentioned as a resource for understanding the scale of the problem.

The transcript emphasizes the importance of identifying and addressing the impact of invasive species on native ecosystems.

Invasive species can have unforeseen consequences on the environment, such as the red fox's impact on Australian mammal species.

The introduction of species for recreational purposes has often led to unintended ecological disasters, as seen with the rabbits and red fox in Australia.

The transcript highlights the complexity of managing invasive species and the need for public understanding and support for conservation efforts.

The economic and environmental costs of invasive species are significant, with examples given of the damage caused to infrastructure and ecosystems.

The transcript calls for a coordinated approach to tackle invasive species, including public education and policy changes.