Engasgo em adultos, crianças, lactentes, gestantes, cadeirantes e acamados, o que fazer? Prática

Summary

This practical and concise tutorial focuses on how to respond to choking incidents in various situations, including for adults, children, infants, pregnant women, and patients with mobility challenges. The video covers both partial and complete airway obstructions, demonstrating key techniques such as back blows, abdominal compressions, and chest compressions. It highlights specific approaches for different groups, such as avoiding abdominal compressions for pregnant women and infants. Emphasizing the importance of quick, assertive action, it also includes preventative measures and guidance for providing phone instructions in emergencies. The lesson serves as an example for first aid instructor training.

Takeaways

• 😀 Choking can occur in various situations, including adults, children, infants, pregnant women, and people in wheelchairs or bedridden. Each situation requires different approaches.
• 😀 In cases of partial choking, encourage the person to cough as the airway is only partially obstructed, and the body may expel the object naturally.
• 😀 In cases of total choking, when the person cannot cough, breathe, or speak, life-saving maneuvers must be performed to clear the airway.
• 😀 Three primary maneuvers can be used for total choking: back blows, abdominal compressions (Heimlich maneuver), and chest compressions. Combining two of these methods is recommended.
• 😀 For pregnant women, abdominal compressions are contraindicated. Instead, use back blows and chest compressions to address choking.
• 😀 For infants under 1 year old, abdominal compressions are not recommended. Back blows and chest compressions should be used instead.
• 😀 The back blow technique involves leaning the victim forward and delivering five sharp back blows between the shoulder blades to dislodge the object.
• 😀 Abdominal compressions should be performed by positioning the hands above the navel and applying pressure to expel the object in the airway.
• 😀 Chest compressions are often used when the other techniques are ineffective, particularly in cases involving obesity or large body masses.
• 😀 Prevention of choking includes avoiding talking or laughing with food in the mouth, not walking or running while eating, and keeping small objects away from young children.

Q & A

What is the main focus of the practical lesson presented in the video?

The main focus of the lesson is teaching how to handle choking incidents in various patients, including adults, children, infants, pregnant women, bedridden patients, and wheelchair users. The lesson covers both partial and total choking scenarios and provides techniques for immediate intervention.

What is the difference between partial and total choking?

In partial choking, the airway is obstructed but air can still pass through, allowing the patient to breathe and cough. In total choking, the airway is fully blocked, preventing the person from breathing, coughing, or making sounds, which requires immediate intervention.

What should be done when a patient is experiencing partial choking?

For partial choking, the recommended action is to encourage the patient to cough, which will help expel the foreign object. It's important not to perform any invasive maneuvers unless the choking progresses to total choking.

What are the three main maneuvers for treating total choking?

The three main maneuvers for treating total choking are dorsal blows (back blows), abdominal compressions, and chest compressions. These should be used in combination for the best chance of expelling the object blocking the airway.

Why is the Heimlich maneuver (abdominal compressions) not recommended for pregnant women?

The Heimlich maneuver is contraindicated in pregnant women because applying abdominal pressure can harm both the mother and the fetus. Instead, dorsal blows and chest compressions should be used.

How should choking be managed in infants (under 1 year)?

For infants, abdominal compressions are contraindicated. The appropriate techniques include placing the infant on their forearm, performing five back blows, and, if necessary, five chest compressions. This should be done until the object is expelled or the infant becomes unconscious.

What should be done if a choking patient becomes unconscious?

If a patient becomes unconscious, they should be positioned on their back, and CPR should be initiated with chest compressions. The airway should be checked to see if the object can be removed, and ventilation should be provided if necessary.

How can choking prevention be effectively practiced?

Preventative measures include avoiding talking or laughing with a mouth full of food, supervising children while eating, and keeping small objects away from young children. Also, ensuring that children are not given objects that could obstruct their airway is crucial.

How are choking incidents handled differently in children above 1 year old?

In children above 1 year old, the same techniques used for adults can be applied, such as back blows, abdominal compressions, or chest compressions. The main difference is that you may need to kneel behind the child due to their smaller size.

Why is it important to maintain a calm approach when instructing others over the phone during a choking emergency?

It's important to stay calm and simplify instructions when providing phone guidance during a choking incident. Clear, concise, and simple directions help the person on the other end act quickly and effectively without feeling overwhelmed.