CICLO MENSTRUAL COMPLETO (FISIOLOGIA DE GUYTON) - MENSTRUAÇÃO - FISIOLOGIA HUMANA - OVULAÇÃO

Summary

In this video, Cleverson del Vec explains the menstrual cycle in a simple, easy-to-understand way. He outlines the role of hormones like FSH, LH, estrogen, and progesterone, and their effects on the body throughout the cycle. The video covers key phases such as menstruation, follicle development, ovulation, and the formation of the corpus luteum. It also explores the role of hormonal contraception and breastfeeding in regulating the cycle, highlighting how these factors prevent ovulation and impact fertility. The aim is to provide a clear and concise explanation of the menstrual cycle and related hormonal processes.

Takeaways

• 😀 The menstrual cycle is influenced by hormones, mainly the hypothalamus, pituitary, FSH, LH, estrogen, and progesterone.
• 😀 The cycle starts with menstruation, which is the shedding of the endometrium when an embryo isn't present.
• 😀 FSH triggers the release of estrogen, which initiates the proliferation of the endometrium after menstruation.
• 😀 Around day 14 of the cycle, a spike in LH leads to ovulation, where the follicle ruptures and releases the secondary oocyte.
• 😀 After ovulation, the ruptured follicle becomes the corpus luteum, which produces progesterone to maintain the endometrium.
• 😀 If fertilization doesn't occur, progesterone levels drop, leading to the shedding of the endometrium (menstruation).
• 😀 The menstrual cycle operates on a feedback loop: estrogen and progesterone inhibit the release of FSH and LH to maintain balance.
• 😀 The body strives for homeostasis, meaning it aims to keep hormone levels balanced and avoid excess or deficiency.
• 😀 If fertilization occurs, the embryo releases HCG, which helps maintain progesterone production, ensuring the endometrium remains intact for implantation.
• 😀 Contraceptives work by elevating estrogen and progesterone, which inhibit FSH and LH release, preventing ovulation.
• 😀 During breastfeeding, elevated prolactin levels suppress the release of FSH and LH, making pregnancy less likely due to inhibited ovulation.

Q & A

What is the main focus of the video?

The video primarily focuses on explaining the menstrual cycle in simple terms, including the roles of hormones like FSH, LH, estrogen, and progesterone in regulating the cycle.

How does the menstrual cycle begin?

The menstrual cycle begins with menstruation, which is the shedding of the endometrium (lining of the uterus) when the embryo is not implanted.

What is the role of the hypothalamus in the menstrual cycle?

The hypothalamus releases GnRH (Gonadotropin-releasing hormone), which acts on the pituitary gland to trigger the release of FSH and LH, hormones that regulate the menstrual cycle.

What is the role of FSH and LH in the menstrual cycle?

FSH stimulates the release of estrogen, which helps in the proliferation of the endometrium. LH triggers ovulation, leading to the release of the egg (oocyte) and the formation of the corpus luteum.

How does estrogen contribute to the menstrual cycle?

Estrogen, released under the influence of FSH, promotes the proliferation of the endometrial lining, preparing it for potential implantation of an embryo.

What happens during ovulation?

Ovulation occurs around day 14 of the cycle, when a surge in LH causes the follicle to rupture and release the secondary oocyte, which is the female gamete.

What is the role of progesterone in the menstrual cycle?

Progesterone is released by the corpus luteum after ovulation and helps maintain the endometrial lining for potential embryo implantation. If pregnancy doesn't occur, progesterone levels drop, leading to menstruation.

What causes the menstrual cycle to reset?

If no fertilization occurs, the drop in progesterone levels causes the endometrial lining to shed, leading to menstruation, and the cycle starts over.

How does the body maintain hormonal balance during the menstrual cycle?

The body maintains hormonal balance through a feedback mechanism. Estrogen and progesterone regulate the levels of FSH and LH, ensuring that the cycle functions properly without excess or deficiency of hormones.

What effect does birth control have on the menstrual cycle?

Birth control introduces synthetic estrogen and progesterone, which inhibit the natural production of FSH and LH, preventing ovulation and thus pregnancy.

How does breastfeeding influence the menstrual cycle?

Breastfeeding leads to an increase in prolactin, which inhibits the release of FSH and LH, making it less likely for a woman to ovulate and conceive while nursing.