Quais são os 4 Tempos Cirúrgicos Dierese, Hemostasia, Exerese e Síntese

Summary

This video explains the four essential surgical stages: Diérese (tissue separation), Hemostasia (controlling bleeding), Xerese (removal of affected tissue), and Síntese (wound closure). The script breaks down each stage, describing the techniques and tools used, from mechanical and physical tissue separation to managing blood flow and precise tissue removal. It emphasizes the importance of each step in ensuring a successful surgery and patient recovery. The video serves as an informative guide for nursing and medical students, aiming to enhance understanding of surgical procedures and their critical roles.

Takeaways

• 😀 Surgical procedures are divided into four basic phases: separation of tissues (dissection), hemostasis, excision, and synthesis.
• 😀 Dissection involves separating tissues to access the area of interest using mechanical or physical methods such as scissors, scalpels, and even cryotherapy or lasers.
• 😀 Hemostasis is the process of controlling bleeding during surgery, achieved through techniques like vessel clamping, tying, electrocoagulation, or pressure application.
• 😀 The excision phase involves removing the affected tissue or organ for diagnostic, control, or healing purposes.
• 😀 Synthesis is the final phase where the surgical wound is closed to ensure proper healing and recovery, often using sutures or adhesives.
• 😀 Dissection can be performed using tools like scalpels or scissors for cutting, or devices like dilators and pinces for physical separation of tissues.
• 😀 Techniques used in hemostasis include vessel clamping to control bleeding and electrocoagulation, which uses electrical current to constrict blood vessels.
• 😀 Excision is a crucial part of surgery where the affected tissue (such as a tumor or infected area) is precisely removed to restore the patient’s health.
• 😀 The quality of the synthesis (wound closure) directly affects the healing process and can include sutures or adhesive methods.
• 😀 A proper understanding of surgical phases and techniques is essential for ensuring the success and safety of the surgery, promoting effective recovery for patients.

Q & A

What are the four basic surgical stages mentioned in the video?

The four basic surgical stages are: 1) Diérese (separation of tissues), 2) Hemostasis (controlling bleeding), 3) Xérese (removal of affected tissue), and 4) Synthesis (closure of the surgical wound).

What is Diérese in the context of surgery?

Dierese is the first surgical stage where the surgeon separates tissues to access the area of interest. This can be done using mechanical tools like scalpels and scissors, or through physical methods such as thermal, cryogenic, or laser techniques.

What are the two types of mechanical methods for Diérese?

The two types of mechanical methods for Diérese are section (cutting tissues using cutting instruments like scalpels and scissors) and curettage (scraping the surface of an organ using a curette).

How does thermal Diérese work in surgery?

Thermal Diérese involves using heat, usually generated by an electric scalpel, to separate tissues. This method helps with coagulation and tissue separation.

What is the purpose of Hemostasis in surgery?

Hemostasis is the second surgical stage aimed at preventing, controlling, or stopping bleeding during surgery. Techniques like vessel clamping, ligation, electrocoagulation, and compression are used to control bleeding.

What are some techniques used for Hemostasis?

Techniques for Hemostasis include clamping blood vessels, ligating vessels with surgical thread, electrocoagulation (using electrical current to cause coagulation), and applying pressure to the affected area.

What is the goal of the Xérese phase of surgery?

The goal of Xérese, the third surgical stage, is to remove the affected tissue or organ part. This may be done for diagnosis, treatment, or resolution of a medical condition, such as removing a tumor or infected tissue.

How critical is the Xérese phase in a surgical procedure?

The Xérese phase is crucial as it involves the actual surgical treatment, where the damaged or diseased part of the tissue is removed. This phase requires precision and anatomical knowledge for a successful outcome.

What happens during the Synthesis phase of surgery?

In the Synthesis phase, the surgeon brings together the edges of the surgical wound to promote healing. This is achieved using sutures, staples, or adhesives, depending on the type of wound and the approach to closure.

What is the difference between temporary and permanent sutures in the Synthesis phase?

Temporary sutures are removed after the wound heals to some degree, while permanent sutures remain inside the tissue, encapsulated by the body, and are not removed. Both types are used to facilitate the healing process.