Pengertian Fi’il Amr

Summary

In this lesson from Quamus Arabic, the concept of 'Fi'il Amr' (imperative verbs) is explored in detail. The video explains how these verbs represent commands or instructions, such as 'read,' 'eat,' and 'sit.' The lesson highlights the use of 'Fi'il Amr' specifically with the second person, or the one being addressed. It also delves into the emotional connection and social hierarchy that commands convey. Additionally, the video covers the rules for constructing 'Fi'il Amr' from its root form, using examples to demonstrate how the verb changes depending on tense and subject. Overall, the lesson is designed to make learning Arabic both engaging and systematic.

Takeaways

• 😀 The lesson discusses the concept of 'fi'il amr', which refers to the Arabic verb form used for giving commands or orders.
• 😀 'Fi'il amr' is used to address the second person (the one being spoken to), unlike other verb forms like fi'il madhi (past tense) or fi'il mudhori (present tense), which can have 14 pronouns.
• 😀 There are only six pronouns to consider when forming fi'il amr: anta (you, masculine singular), antuma (you two, masculine), antum (you all, masculine), anti (you, feminine singular), antuma (you two, feminine), and antunna (you all, feminine).
• 😀 Fi'il amr is not a burden, but a blessing, as it indicates a special emotional relationship or a higher status, such as a command from a parent to a child or from a president to a minister.
• 😀 Commands in the Quran are typically directed at believers (those who are faithful), as their closeness to Allah and elevated status make them the recipients of divine orders.
• 😀 To form the fi'il amr from fi'il mudhori (present tense), follow these steps: remove the initial 'ya' (prefix), replace it with 'hamzah', and apply specific vowel changes to the root word based on its characteristics.
• 😀 There are three vowel-change patterns for fi'il amr: if the root verb has a fathah (a) vowel, the fi'il amr pattern is I-A; if it has a kasrah (i), the pattern is I-I; and if it has a dhommah (u), the pattern is U-U.
• 😀 Example of applying fi'il amr formation: 'yaf'alu' (he does) becomes 'if'al' (do), 'yaf'ilu' (he sits) becomes 'ijlis' (sit), and 'yaktubu' (he writes) becomes 'uktub' (write).
• 😀 The six possible forms of fi'il amr depend on whether the subject is masculine or feminine, singular or plural: for masculine singular (e.g., 'if'al'), for feminine singular (e.g., 'if'ali').
• 😀 A helpful technique for mastering fi'il amr transformations involves associating the forms with hand gestures, which correspond to different pronouns and their respective grammatical rules.

Q & A

What is the meaning of 'fi'il amr' in Arabic?

'Fi'il amr' refers to an imperative verb, which is a command or instruction. Examples include 'bacalah' (read), 'makanlah' (eat), 'duduklah' (sit), 'minumlah' (drink), etc.

To whom is 'fi'il amr' directed in Arabic grammar?

'Fi'il amr' is directed only to the second person, meaning the person being addressed (known as 'mukhatab').

How many forms of 'fi'il amr' are there in Arabic?

There are only six forms of 'fi'il amr,' corresponding to the six second-person pronouns: 'anta' (you, singular male), 'antuma' (you, dual male), 'antum' (you, plural male), 'anti' (you, singular female), 'antuma' (you, dual female), and 'antunna' (you, plural female).

How does the use of 'fi'il amr' relate to emotional or social relationships?

'Fi'il amr' often indicates a relationship of closeness or emotional connection. For example, a mother commands her child because of their close bond, and a president gives orders to a minister, indicating a higher social status.

Why does Allah use 'fi'il amr' in the Quran?

In the Quran, 'fi'il amr' is used to command believers because they have a close relationship with Allah (emotionally) and are considered to have a higher status in His eyes compared to others.

What is the key grammatical structure for forming 'fi'il amr' from the verb root?

'Fi'il amr' is formed by starting with the 'fi'il mudhori' (present verb), removing the prefix 'ya', replacing it with 'hamzah', adding a sukun (a short pause) at the end, and applying specific vowel changes depending on the root vowel of the verb.

How do you form the 'fi'il amr' for verbs with different vowels?

For 'fi'il amr', if the root verb has a 'fathah' (A sound) on the second root, use 'I-A'; if it has a 'kasrah' (I sound), use 'I-I'; and if it has a 'dhommah' (U sound), use 'U-U'.

Can you give examples of 'fi'il amr' transformations based on different root vowels?

For example: 'yaf'alu' (he does) becomes 'if'al' (do!), 'yaf'ilu' (he sits) becomes 'if'il' (sit!), 'yaf'ulu' (he opens) becomes 'uf'ul' (open!).

What is the distinction between the male and female forms in 'fi'il amr'?

In the second person, the form of 'fi'il amr' differs for male and female. For example, 'if'al' (do, singular male) vs. 'if'ali' (do, singular female), and 'if'alu' (do, plural male) vs. 'if'alna' (do, plural female).

What example did the script give for the use of 'fi'il amr' in a Quranic verse?

In Surah Al-Baqarah (2:183), Allah commands fasting ('shaum') using 'fi'il amr', specifically addressed to those who believe, emphasizing their closeness to Allah and higher status.