Metode Ahlussunnah Dalam Memahami Sifat - Sifat Allah 🔵 Ustadz Firanda Andirja

Summary

This transcript explores the Ahlus Sunnah Wal Jamaah perspective on the attributes of Allah (Subhanahu Wa Ta'ala), emphasizing the belief in these attributes without comparison or division. The speaker explains how Ahlus Sunnah views Allah’s attributes as perfect and distinct from human qualities, using examples such as Allah’s power and hearing. The discussion contrasts this approach with two other methods: Takwil (which interprets these attributes metaphorically) and Tafwidh (which leaves the meaning to Allah). The speaker highlights the importance of understanding the apparent meaning while acknowledging that the true nature of these attributes remains unknowable, as explained by early Islamic scholars.

Takeaways

• 😀 Ahlus Sunnah Wal Jamaah believes in the attributes of Allah without likening them to creation or comprehending their 'how.'
• 😀 Allah’s attributes, while having names that may resemble human traits, are fundamentally different in their essence from the attributes of creation.
• 😀 The attributes of Allah include power, hearing, seeing, and hands, but their exact nature is not known to us.
• 😀 The method of Ahlus Sunnah is to understand the meaning of these attributes but refrain from attempting to comprehend how they exist.
• 😀 Imam Abu Isa At-Tirmidzi, Imam Bukhari, and other scholars emphasize that Allah’s attributes are real, but their exact nature is beyond human understanding.
• 😀 There are different methods in understanding the attributes of Allah: *takwil* (interpretation), *tauhid* (monotheism), and *tafwidh* (submission).
• 😀 *Takwil* involves interpreting the attributes symbolically, such as claiming Allah's hands refer to power or blessings, which is seen as incorrect in Ahlus Sunnah.
• 😀 *Tafwidh* refers to the method of leaving the meaning of attributes to Allah without attempting to understand or interpret them.
• 😀 Imam Malik’s explanation of Allah’s *istiwa* (rising over the throne) serves as an example of the Ahlus Sunnah perspective, where the 'how' is unknown but the meaning is understood.
• 😀 The Salaf understood the attributes of Allah by their apparent meanings but submitted the 'how' of these attributes to Allah, as they believed no one could comprehend it.
• 😀 Ahlus Sunnah avoids the misinterpretations of *takwil* and *tafwidh*, emphasizing the importance of belief in the clear, apparent meaning of the Qur’an while leaving the knowledge of the 'how' to Allah.

Q & A

What is the core belief of Ahlus Sunnah regarding the attributes of Allah?

Ahlus Sunnah believes in the attributes of Allah without likening them to any creation, and they do not attempt to define the 'how' of these attributes. They understand the meaning of the attributes and affirm them, but they leave the exact nature or 'how' of these attributes to Allah.

How does Ahlus Sunnah view the strength of Allah compared to the strength of creatures?

Ahlus Sunnah acknowledges that Allah has strength, just as creatures do, but they believe that the strength of Allah is fundamentally different and far superior to the strength of creation. The comparison is made only in terms of the name, not in terms of the essence.

What is the difference between the hearing of Allah and the hearing of creatures according to Ahlus Sunnah?

Ahlus Sunnah believes that while both Allah and creatures have the ability to hear, the hearing of Allah is perfect and beyond comparison. The hearing of creatures, on the other hand, is limited and imperfect. The essence of Allah's hearing is beyond human comprehension, but its meaning is understood.

What is the stance of Ahlus Sunnah on discussing the 'how' of Allah's attributes?

Ahlus Sunnah refrains from discussing the 'how' of Allah's attributes, as they believe it is beyond human comprehension. They emphasize understanding the meaning of the attributes but leave the exact nature to Allah.

What are the two methods of interpreting the attributes of Allah mentioned in the script?

The two methods mentioned are 'ta’wil' and 'tafwid.' Ta’wil involves interpreting the attributes metaphorically or symbolically, often changing their literal meanings, while tafwid involves submitting the meaning of the attributes to Allah without understanding the exact 'how.'

What is the approach of those who follow the method of ta’wil regarding the hands of Allah?

Those who follow ta’wil interpret the hands of Allah not as literal hands but rather as powers or blessings, suggesting that the literal meaning of the Qur'an is invalidated in favor of a symbolic interpretation.

How does Ahlus Sunnah approach the term 'wajh' (face) when describing Allah?

Ahlus Sunnah affirms that Allah has a 'wajh' (face), but they do not attempt to define how it is. They understand the meaning of a face as something that can be seen, but the exact nature of Allah's face is left to Allah alone.

What was Imam Malik's response when asked about Allah's istiwa' (rising over the throne)?

Imam Malik responded by saying that the meaning of 'istiwa' (rising over) is known, but how it happens is unknown and should not be questioned. He affirmed the meaning of the attribute but stressed that the 'how' is beyond human knowledge.

What does the method of tafwid imply regarding the attributes of Allah?

The method of tafwid involves submitting the meaning of Allah's attributes to Him without understanding the specifics. It means acknowledging the existence of the attributes but not delving into the 'how' of them, leaving the exact details to Allah.

What is the key difference between ta’wil and tafwid according to the script?

The key difference is that ta’wil involves altering the meaning of the attributes to fit a metaphorical or symbolic interpretation, while tafwid involves simply submitting the meaning to Allah without altering it or seeking a specific understanding of the 'how.' Both methods avoid fully understanding the 'how' of Allah's attributes.