B4L7 課文動畫(無字幕版)(Iceland's Road to Gender Equality)

Summary

Iceland, a small island nation with only 360,000 people, has become the world's most gender-balanced society. The journey began in 1975 with a women's day off protest against wage inequality and social injustices. Since then, Iceland has consistently ranked first in the Global Gender Gap Index. Despite progress, the fight for gender equality continued, leading to further strikes in 2005 and 2016. In 2018, Iceland became the first country to legally demand equal pay for men and women, enforcing strict laws on workplace equality.

Takeaways

• 🌍 Iceland is renowned for its stunning landscapes and is a small island nation with a population of around 360,000.
• 🏆 For over a decade, Iceland has been ranked first on the World Economic Forum's Global Gender Gap Index, indicating its status as the world's most gender-balanced society.
• 🗓️ The journey towards gender equality in Iceland began on October 24, 1975, with a significant women's day off protest against wage inequality and gender-related social injustices.
• 🚫 On that day, approximately 90% of Icelandic women participated in the protest, leaving work and domestic duties to demand change, which led to widespread disruption across the country.
• 🏦 The protest resulted in banks and factories coming to a halt, flights being grounded, and theaters canceling performances due to the absence of women in these sectors.
• 👨‍👩‍👧‍👦 Fathers were forced to take care of their children as schools and nurseries were closed, highlighting the reliance on women in childcare and domestic work.
• 📜 Following the protest, Iceland established the Gender Equality Council and passed the Gender Equality Act, which banned gender discrimination in the workplace and schools.
• 🏅 In 1980, Iceland made history by electing Vigdís Finnbogadóttir, the world's first female president of a democratic country.
• 💰 Despite progress, Iceland's pay gap persisted, with women earning on average only 64.15% of what men earned in 2005, leading to further protests and awareness-raising actions.
• ⚖️ In 2018, Iceland took a groundbreaking step towards eliminating pay inequality by becoming the first country to legally require equal pay for men and women, with strict regulations for companies.
• 🌐 Iceland's commitment to gender equality serves as a role model for the rest of the world, demonstrating the importance of bold policies and continuous efforts to achieve a fairer society.

Q & A

What is Iceland known for besides its natural beauty?

Iceland is known for having the world's most gender-balanced society.

How has Iceland ranked on the Global Gender Gap Index for the past decade?

Iceland has consistently ranked number one on the World Economic Forum's Global Gender Gap Index for the past decade.

What significant event took place on October 24, 1975, in Iceland?

On October 24, 1975, 90% of the female population in Iceland participated in a women's day off to protest against wage inequality and gender-related social injustices.

What was the impact of the women's day off on Icelandic society?

The women's day off led to a complete standstill of the country, with banks, factories, flights, and theaters being affected, highlighting the importance of women's roles in society.

What actions did Icelandic women take during the protest on October 24, 1975?

Icelandic women took to the streets in protest, leaving their usual responsibilities at work and home, which resulted in a nationwide paralysis.

What was the outcome of the protest that led to changes in Iceland's gender equality policies?

The protest led to the establishment of the Gender Equality Council and the passing of the Gender Equality Act, which banned gender discrimination in the workplace and schools.

Who was elected as the world's first female president of a democratic country in 1980?

Iceland elected Vigdís Finnbogadóttir as the world's first female president of a democratic country in 1980.

What was the pay gap in Iceland in 2005, and how did it affect women?

In 2005, the pay gap in Iceland showed that women were on average paid only 64.15% of what men earned.

What action did women in Iceland take on the 30th anniversary of the women's day off?

Women in Iceland organized another strike on the 30th anniversary, leaving work at 2:08 PM, the exact time they started working for free compared to men.

What significant law was passed in Iceland in 2018 regarding equal pay?

In 2018, Iceland became the first country to legally demand that men and women be paid equally, with a law requiring companies with at least 25 employees to obtain a certificate proving they were following national equal pay policies.

What steps is Iceland taking to continue its fight against gender discrimination?

Iceland continues to take bold steps to eliminate gender discrimination by implementing some of the world's strictest laws on workplace equality and striving to become a fairer society.

Outlines

00:00

🌍 Iceland's Journey to Gender Equality

Iceland, a small island nation with a population of around 360,000, is renowned for its natural beauty but also stands out as the world's most gender-balanced society. For over a decade, it has topped the World Economic Forum's Global Gender Gap Index. The country's path to gender equality began with a significant event on October 24, 1975, when 90% of Icelandic women participated in a women's day off to protest wage inequality and gender-related social injustices. This protest, which involved women leaving their work and domestic duties, brought the country to a standstill, highlighting the importance of women's contributions to society. The protest led to the establishment of the Gender Equality Council and the passing of the Gender Equality Act, which banned gender discrimination in the workplace and schools. A major milestone was achieved in 1980 with the election of the world's first female president from a democratic country. Despite progress, the fight for gender equality continued, with women organizing strikes in 2005 and 2016 to highlight the persisting pay gap. In 2018, Iceland took a revolutionary step by legally demanding equal pay for men and women, requiring companies with 25 or more employees to obtain a certificate proving adherence to national equal pay policies or face fines. Today, Iceland is a global role model for its strict laws on workplace equality and its ongoing efforts to eliminate gender discrimination.

Keywords

💡Gender Equality

Gender equality refers to the state of equal rights, opportunities, and treatment for both men and women. In the context of the video, Iceland is highlighted as a global leader in achieving gender equality, ranking first on the Global Gender Gap Index for several years. The video discusses Iceland's history of protests and legislative changes that have contributed to this status.

💡Global Gender Gap Index

The Global Gender Gap Index is an annual ranking by the World Economic Forum that measures the relative gaps between women and men across four key areas: economic participation and opportunity, educational attainment, health and survival, and political empowerment. The video mentions that Iceland has consistently ranked number one on this index, indicating its commitment to gender equality.

💡Women's Day Off

The Women's Day Off refers to a historical event on October 24, 1975, when 90% of Icelandic women went on strike to protest wage inequality and gender-related social injustices. This protest is a key moment in Iceland's journey towards gender equality, as it led to significant public support and policy changes, as discussed in the video.

💡Gender Discrimination

Gender discrimination is the unfair treatment of individuals based on their gender. The video explains how Iceland has taken legislative action to ban gender discrimination in the workplace and schools, demonstrating the country's efforts to create a more equitable society.

💡Equal Pay

Equal pay refers to the concept that men and women should receive the same remuneration for performing the same job or work of equal value. The video discusses Iceland's efforts to address the pay gap, including the introduction of a law in 2018 that requires companies to prove they are following national equal pay policies.

💡Legislation

Legislation is the process of making or enacting laws. In the video, Iceland's passage of the Gender Equality Act and subsequent laws to enforce equal pay are highlighted as crucial steps in the country's progress towards gender equality.

💡Protest

A protest is a public expression of objection to something, often involving group action. The video describes how the Women's Day Off protest in 1975 and subsequent strikes in 2005 and 2016 were instrumental in raising awareness and pushing for policy changes regarding gender equality in Iceland.

💡Pay Gap

The pay gap refers to the difference in average earnings between men and women. The video notes that despite progress, Iceland still had a pay gap in 2005, where women earned 64.15% of what men did, indicating that the fight for gender equality was not yet over.

💡Workplace Equality

Workplace equality means ensuring fair treatment and opportunities for all employees, regardless of gender. The video discusses Iceland's strict laws on workplace equality, which have been implemented to eliminate gender discrimination and promote fairness.

💡Role Model

A role model is a person or entity whose behavior or achievements are admired and emulated. The video suggests that Iceland's efforts in achieving gender equality serve as a role model for the rest of the world, inspiring other nations to take similar steps.

💡Gender Balance

Gender balance refers to a situation where there is a fair and equal representation of both genders in various aspects of society. The video emphasizes that Iceland's achievements in gender equality have led to a more balanced society, where both men and women have equal opportunities and rights.

Highlights

Iceland is known for its gender-balanced society.

Iceland has ranked first on the Global Gender Gap Index for a decade.

The path to gender equality began with a women's day off protest in 1975.

90% of Icelandic women participated in the 1975 protest against wage inequality.

The 1975 protest led to the establishment of the gender equality council and the gender equality act.

Iceland elected the world's first female president of a democratic country in 1980.

In 2005, women in Iceland were paid on average only 64.15% of what men earned.

Women organized another strike on the 30th anniversary of the women's day off in 2005.

In 2016, Icelandic women left work early to highlight the gender pay gap.

Iceland became the first country to legally demand equal pay for men and women in 2018.

Companies in Iceland with 25+ employees must obtain an equal pay certificate or face fines.

Iceland has some of the world's strictest laws on workplace equality.

Iceland continues to take bold steps to eliminate gender discrimination.

The rest of the world has Iceland as a role model for gender equality efforts.

Transcripts

lesson seven Iceland's road to gender

equality

Iceland is a small island nation known

for its breathtaking Landscapes boiling

mud pools and stunning views of the

Northern Lights

but how many know that this country of

only around 360

000 people is also home to the world's

most gender balanced Society

[Music]

for the last decade Iceland has ranked

number one on the world economic forum's

Global Gender Gap Index

[Music]

the path to equality began on October 24

1975 when 90 of the female population

participated in the women's day off

to protest against wage inequality and

other gender-related social injustices

that day instead of going to work

cooking meals looking after children or

doing domestic chores Icelandic women

hoping for a change took to the streets

in protest

with the majority of women going on

strike the country fell into complete

chaos

Banks and factories came to a standstill

as many of their employees were women

flights were grounded because there was

no one to provide service and without

actresses theaters had to cancel

performances

additionally mothers striking all day

long simply left children in the care of

their husbands

since the mainly female run schools and

nurseries were closed fathers were thus

forced to take their children with them

to work

some men bought candy and colored

pencils in a desperate effort to keep

their children entertained

While others offered rewards to their

older kids to have them take care of the

younger ones

this protest paralyzed the entire nation

however if it had not been for this

protest public opinion would not have

changed and support for gender equality

would not have grown foreign

[Music]

Iceland established the gender equality

Council and passed the gender equality

act Banning gender discrimination in the

workplace and in schools

then in 1980 an even bigger Triumph was

achieved when Iceland elected the

world's first female president of a

democratic country however despite all

the progress the country had made the

fight for gender equality was not yet

over

in 2005 Iceland's pay Gap showed that

women were on average

still being paid only

64.15 of what men earned

[Music]

so on the 30th anniversary of the

women's day off women organized another

strike they left work at 208 PM the

exact time at which they started working

for free compared with men

in 2016 women in Iceland again left work

early this time at 2 38 pm

this was to remind people that the

average woman still earned just 70.42 of

the salary usually given to men

finally Iceland decided to get tough on

inequality

in 2018 it became the first country to

legally demand that men and women be

paid equally

the Revolutionary new law requires that

companies with at least 25 employees

obtain a certificate

proving that they were following

National equal pay policies otherwise

they would face heavy fines

today this Nordic Wonderland has some of

the world's strictest laws on workplace

equality

despite having achieved so much the

country continues to take bold steps to

eliminate gender discrimination and

become a fairer Society where every

person is treated equally

but for Iceland's marvelous efforts in

this regard the rest of the world would

not have such a wonderful role model to

follow